DNA Damage-Induced Neurodegeneration in Accelerated Ageing and Alzheimer’s Disease
Open accessAbstract
DNA repair ensures genomic stability to achieve healthy ageing, including cognitive maintenance. Mutations on genes encoding key DNA repair proteins can lead to diseases with accelerated ageing phenotypes. Some of these diseases are xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA, caused by mutation of XPA), Cockayne syndrome group A and group B (CSA, CSB, and are caused by mutations of CSA and CSB, respectively), ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T, caused by mutation of ATM), and Werner syndrome (WS, with most cases caused by mutations in WRN). Except for WS, a common trait of the aforementioned progerias is neurodegeneration. Evidence from studies using animal models and patient tissues suggests that the associated DNA repair deficiencies lead to depletion of cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), resulting in impaired mitophagy, accumulation of damaged mitochondria, metabolic derailment, energy deprivation, and finally leading to neuronal dysfunction and loss. Intriguingly, these features are also observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common type of dementia affecting more than 50 million individuals worldwide. Further studies on the mechanisms of the DNA repair deficient premature ageing diseases will help to unveil the mystery of ageing and may provide novel therapeutic strategies for AD.
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DNA repair, Myc targets V1, and oxidative phosphorylation gene sets are linked to cellular damage or stress facilitating the progression of pathogenesis and contributing to neurodegeneration in AD.
“Conversely, 5xFAD-Dp16 also exhibited greatly decreased NES for several gene sets, including DNA repair, Myc targets V1, and oxidative phosphorylation, all of which are linked to cellular damage or stress facilitating the progression of the pathogenesis and contributing to neurodegeneration in AD48,49,50 (Figures 3A and S3A).”
From Interferon signaling modulates Down syndrome-associated Alzheimer’s disease pathology in a mouse model (2025) · cites this paper as [48]
Section 3.5 (AD; page not provided) links impaired DNA repair to AD pathogenesis and describes mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in AD. The paper does not establish that the named Myc targets V1 or oxidative phosphorylation gene sets contribute to AD neurodegeneration; its mitochondrial findings are broader than that gene-set claim. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured5xFAD-Dp16 exhibited greatly decreased NES for several gene sets, including DNA repair, Myc targets V1, and oxidative phosphorylation.
“Conversely, 5xFAD-Dp16 also exhibited greatly decreased NES for several gene sets, including DNA repair, Myc targets V1, and oxidative phosphorylation, all of which are linked to cellular damage or stress facilitating the progression of the pathogenesis and contributing to neurodegeneration in AD48,49,50 (Figures 3A and S3A).”
From Interferon signaling modulates Down syndrome-associated Alzheimer’s disease pathology in a mouse model (2025) · cites this paper as [48]
Section 3.5 (AD; page unavailable) links impaired DNA repair and mitochondrial dysfunction to Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis, supporting part of the background statement for which this review is cited. It does not address Myc targets V1 or report decreased normalized enrichment scores in 5xFAD-Dp16; those scores are presented as the citing paper’s own results in its figures. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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- Authors
- Wang, H., Lautrup, S., Caponio, D., Zhang, J., & Fang, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Oslo (NO)
- Central South University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Fang, Evandro
- Venue
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021-06-23
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 6748
- ISSN
- 1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8268089
- OpenAlex
- W3177212004
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 150
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 0.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- HELSE SØR-ØST (#2017056, #2020001, #2021021)
- Research Council of Norway (#262175, #277813)
- The National Natural Science Foundation of China (#81971327)
- Akershus University Hospital Strategic grant (#269901)
- the KAPPA programme by Technology Agency of the Czech Republic and the Research Council of Norway joint grant (T001000215)
- The China Scholarship Council (NO.201906170070)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Keywords
- DNA damage, neurodegeneration, accelerated aging, Alzheimer's disease, DNA repair, XPA, Cockayne syndrome, ataxia telangiectasia, Werner syndrome, NAD+ depletion, mitophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuronal dysfunction
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, DNA Damage, DNA Repair, Humans, Mutation, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Genomic Instability
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