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Cited by 24Gut microbiota and healthMultiple Sclerosis Research StudiesT-cell and B-cell Immunology

MAIT Cells and Microbiota in Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Diseases

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Mechelli, Rosella, Romano, Silvia, Romano, Carmela, Morena, Emanuele, Buscarinu, Maria Chiara, Bigi, Rachele, Bellucci, Gianmarco, Reniè, Roberta +3 more·2021·Microorganisms
DOI 10.3390/microorganisms9061132PMC PMC8225125
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Abstract

The functions of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in homeostatic conditions include the interaction with the microbiota and its products, the protection of body barriers, and the mounting of a tissue-repair response to injuries or infections. Dysfunction of MAIT cells and dysbiosis occur in common chronic diseases of inflammatory, metabolic, and tumor nature. This review is aimed at analyzing the changes of MAIT cells, as well as of the microbiota, in multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune disorders. Common features of dysbiosis in these conditions are the reduced richness of microbial species and the unbalance between pro-inflammatory and immune regulatory components of the gut microbiota. The literature concerning MAIT cells in these disorders is rather complex, and sometimes not consistent. In multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune conditions, several studies have been done, or are in progress, to find correlations between intestinal permeability, dysbiosis, MAIT cell responses, and clinical biomarkers in treated and treatment-naïve patients. The final aims are to explain what activates MAIT cells in diseases not primarily infective, which interactions with the microbiota are potentially pathogenic, and their dynamics related to disease course and disease-modifying treatments.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Mechelli, R., Romano, S., Romano, C., Morena, E., Buscarinu, M. C., Bigi, R., Bellucci, G., Reniè, R., Pellicciari, G., Salvetti, M., & Ristori, G.
Affiliations
  • San Raffaele University of Rome (IT)
  • Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
  • Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (IT)
  • Fondazione Santa Lucia (IT)
Corresponding author
Salvetti, Marco
ORCID
Venue
Microorganisms
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-05-24
Volume
9
Issue
6
Pages
1132
ISSN
2076-2607 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/microorganisms9061132
PMC
PMC8225125
OpenAlex
W3164954225
Cited by
24
References
9
Citations by year
2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5
FWCI
0.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Microorganisms (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Keywords
mucosal-associated invariant T cells, gut microbiota, dysbiosis, multiple sclerosis, autoimmune disease, intestinal permeability, disease-modifying therapy, biomarkers, tissue repair

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