Para-probiotics for Preterm Neonates—The Next Frontier
Open accessAbstract
Current evidence supports the use of probiotics in preterm neonates for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis, mortality and late onset sepsis. Despite the strong evidence, the uptake of this intervention has not been universal due to concerns including probiotic sepsis, pro-inflammatory response and transmission of antibiotic resistance. Critically ill extremely preterm neonates with potentially compromised gut integrity are at higher risk of probiotic sepsis due to translocation. In most countries, probiotics are sold as food supplements with poor quality control. The traditional definition of probiotics as “live microorganisms” has been challenged as many experts have questioned the importance of viability in the context of the beneficial effects of probiotics. Paraprobiotics (ghost probiotics), are defined as non-viable microbial cells (intact or broken) or crude cell extracts (i.e., with complex chemical composition), which, when administered (orally or topically) in adequate amounts, confer a benefit on the human or animal consumer. Current evidence indicates that paraprobiotics could be safe alternatives to probiotics in preterm neonates. High-quality pre-clinical and clinical studies including adequately powered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are warranted in preterm neonates to explore this new frontier.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Inactivation methods may affect structural components of the cell differently, and therefore their biological activities.
“Importantly, these methods of inactivation may affect structural components of the cell differently, and therefore their biological activities [264, 265].”
From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Probiotics (2019) · cites this paper as [265]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Dermyshi, E., Wang, Y., Yan, C., Hong, W., Qiu, G., Gong, X., & Zhang, T. (2017) · Neonatology · doi:10.1159/000454668 · Cited by 24,577 · see citing works
Neu, J., & Walker, W. A. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra1005408 · Cited by 2,141 · see citing works
Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants
AlFaleh, K. M., & Anabrees, J. (2014) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd005496.pub4 · Cited by 965 · see citing works
Probiotic use in clinical practice: what are the risks?
Boyle, R. J., Robins-Browne, R. M., & Tang, M. L. (2006) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/83.6.1256 · Cited by 776 · see citing works
Outcomes for Extremely Premature Infants
Glass, H. C., Costarino, A. T., Stayer, S. A., Brett, C. M., Cladis, F. P., & Davis, P. J. (2015) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000000705 · Cited by 765 · see citing works
Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Basler, R. S., & Jones, H. E. (1978) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197802022980519 · Cited by 722 · see citing works
Taverniti, V., & Guglielmetti, S. (2011) · Genes & Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s12263-011-0218-x · Cited by 703 · see citing works
Necrotizing enterocolitis: new insights into pathogenesis and mechanisms
Niño, D. F., Sodhi, C. P., & Hackam, D. J. (2016) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2016.119 · Cited by 621 · see citing works
Probiotic Bacterium Prevents Cytokine-induced Apoptosis in Intestinal Epithelial Cells*
Yan, F., & Polk, D. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m207050200 · Cited by 599 · see citing works
Konstantinov, S. R., Smidt, H., de Vos, W. M., Bruijns, S. C. M., Singh, S., Valence, F., Mollé, D., Lortal, S., Altermann, E., Klaenhammer, T. R., et al. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0810305105 · Cited by 568 · see citing works
Hornik, C. P. V., Fort, P., Clark, R. H., Watt, K., Benjamin, D. K., Smith, P. B., Manzoni, P., Jacqz-Aigrain, É., Kaguelidou, F., & Cohen‐Wolkowiez, M. (2012) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/s0378-3782(12)70019-1 · Cited by 537 · see citing works
Updated Meta-analysis of Probiotics for Preventing Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
Deshpande, G. C., Rao, S. C., Patole, S., & Bulsara, M. K. (2010) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2009-1301 · Cited by 530 · see citing works
Self-citationThe probiotic paradox: live and dead cells are biological response modifiers
Adams, C. A. (2010) · Nutrition Research Reviews · doi:10.1017/s0954422410000090 · Cited by 521 · see citing works
Lactobacilli activate human dendritic cells that skew T cells toward T helper 1 polarization
Mohamadzadeh, M., Olson, S. D., Kalina, W. V., Ruthel, G. T., Demmin, G. L., Warfield, K. L., Bavari, S., & Klaenhammer, T. R. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0500098102 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Immune System Stimulation by Probiotics
Perdigón, G., Alvarez, S., Rachid, M., Agüero, G., & Gobbato, N. (1995) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(95)76784-4 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
Kopp, M., Hennemuth, I., Heinzmann, A., & Urbanek, R. (2008) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2007-1492 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
van Baarlen, P., Troost, F. J., van Hemert, S., van Kraaij, C., de Vos, W. M., de Groot, P. J., Hooiveld, G. J. E. J., Brummer, R. J., & Kleerebezem, M. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0809919106 · Cited by 384 · see citing works
Immunostimulatory DNA ameliorates experimental and spontaneous murine colitis
Rachmilewitz, D., Karmeli, F., Takabayashi, K., Hayashi, T., Leider–Trejo, L., Lee, J., Leoni, L. M., & Raz, E. (2002) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/gast.2002.32994 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants With Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Schulzke, S. M., Deshpande, G. C., & Patole, S. (2007) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.161.6.583 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Self-citationMatsuguchi, T., Takagi, A., Matsuzaki, T., Nagaoka, M., Ishikawa, K., Yokokura, T., & Yoshikai, Y. (2003) · Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology · doi:10.1128/cdli.10.2.259-266.2003 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Probiotic Effects on Late-onset Sepsis in Very Preterm Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Jacobs, S. E., Tobin, J. M., Opie, G. F., Donath, S. M., Tabrizi, S. N., Pirotta, M. V., Morley, C. J., & Garland, S. M. (2013) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2013-1339 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Zhang, L., Li, N., Caicedo, R. A., & Neu, J. (2005) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/135.7.1752 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants
AlFaleh, K., & Anabrees, J. (2014) · Evidence-Based Child Health A Cochrane Review Journal · doi:10.1002/ebch.1976 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Use of Probiotics for Management of Acute Gastroenteritis
Szajewska, H., Guarino, A., Hojsak, I., Indrio, F., Kolaček, S., Shamir, R., Vandenplas, Y., & Weizman, Z. (2014) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000000320 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Protection and Restitution of Gut Barrier by Probiotics: Nutritional and Clinical Implications
Rao, R. K., & Samak, G. (2013) · Current Nutrition & Food Science · doi:10.2174/1573401311309020004 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Effect of perorally administered lactobacilli on macrophage activation in mice
Perdigón, G., de Macias, M. E. N., Alvarez, S., Oliver, G. D., & Holgado, A. A. D. R. (1986) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.53.2.404-410.1986 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Galdeano, C. M., & Perdigón, G. (2004) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02353.x · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Rosander, A., Connolly, E., & Roos, S. (2008) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.00991-08 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Assessing the Risk of Probiotic Dietary Supplements in the Context of Antibiotic Resistance
Zheng, M., Zhang, R., Tian, X., Zhou, X., Pan, X., & Wong, A. (2017) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.00908 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Ibnou-Zekri, N., Blum, S., Schiffrin, E. J., & von der Weid, T. (2002) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.71.1.428-436.2003 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Haller, D., Blum, S., Bode, C., Hammes, W. P., & Schiffrin, E. J. (2000) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.68.2.752-759.2000 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Imaoka, A., Shima, T., Kato, K., Mizuno, S., Uehara, T., Matsumoto, S., Setoyama, H., Hara, T., & Umesaki, Y. (2008) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.14.2511 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Ohishi, A., Takahashi, S., Ito, Y., Ohishi, Y., Tsukamoto, K., Nanba, Y., Ito, N., Kakiuchi, S., Saitoh, A., Morotomi, M., et al. (2010) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.11.041 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Hood, S. K., & ZOITOLA, E. A. (1988) · Journal of Food Science · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1988.tb09312.x · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Probiotic microbes: do they need to be alive to be beneficial?
Kataria, J., Li, N., Wynn, J. L., & Neu, J. (2009) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00226.x · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Nighswonger, B. D., Brashears, M. M., & Gilliland, S. E. (1996) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(96)76353-1 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Chauvière, G. (1992) · FEMS Microbiology Letters · doi:10.1016/0378-1097(92)90700-x · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Li, N., Russell, W. M., Douglas‐Escobar, M., Hauser, N., Lopez, M., & Neu, J. (2009) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/pdr.0b013e3181aabd4f · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Olsen, R., Greisen, G. O., Schrøder, M., & Brok, J. S. (2015) · Neonatology · doi:10.1159/000441274 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Hirose, Y., Murosaki, S., Yamamoto, Y., Yoshikai, Y., & Tsuru, T. (2006) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/136.12.3069 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Guglielmetti, S., Tamagnini, I., Mora, D., Minuzzo, M., Scarafoni, A., Arioli, S., Hellman, J., Karp, M., & Parini, C. (2008) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.00124-08 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Lopez, M., Li, N., Kataria, J., Russell, M., & Neu, J. (2008) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.108.093658 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Cohort Study of Probiotics in a North American Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Janvier, A., Malo, J., & Barrington, K. J. (2014) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.11.025 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Tuomola, E., Ouwehand, A. C., & Salminen, S. (2000) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/s0168-1605(00)00319-6 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Neonatal necrotizing enterocolits
Henry, M. C. W., & Moss, R. L. (2008) · Seminars in Pediatric Surgery · doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2008.02.005 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Adhesion of inactivated probiotic strains to intestinal mucus
Ouwehand, A. C., Tölkkö, S., Kulmala, J., Salminen, S., & Salminen, E. K. (2000) · Letters in Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1472-765x.2000.00773.x · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Gill, H. S., & Rutherfurd, K. J. (2001) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn2001402 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
A Probiotic Lactobacillus Strain Can Acquire Vancomycin Resistance during Digestive Transit in Mice
Mater, D. D. G., Langella, P., Corthier, G., & Flores, M. J. (2007) · Microbial Physiology · doi:10.1159/000106091 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Donkor, O. N., Ravikumar, M., Proudfoot, O., Day, S., Apostolopoulos, V., Paukovics, G., Vasiljevic, T., Nutt, S. L., & Gill, H. (2011) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04496.x · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Lactobacillus acidophilus Protects Tight Junctions from Aspirin Damage in HT-29 Cells
Montalto, M., Maggiano, N., Ricci, R., Curigliano, V., Santoro, L., Nicuolo, F. D., Vecchio, F. M., Gasbarrini, A., & Gasbarrini, A. (2004) · Digestion · doi:10.1159/000079152 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Role of Probiotics in Short Bowel Syndrome in Infants and Children—A Systematic Review
Reddy, V. S., Patole, S., & Rao, S. C. (2013) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu5030679 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationProbiotic viability–does it matter?
Lahtinen, S. J. (2012) · Microbial Ecology in Health & Disease · doi:10.3402/mehd.v23i0.18567 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Lactobacillus Sepsis and Probiotic Therapy in Newborns: Two New Cases and Literature Review
Coviello C, C., Corsini I, I., Arena, F., Antonelli, A., Rossolini, G., & Dani, C. (2015) · American Journal of Perinatology Reports · doi:10.1055/s-0035-1566312 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Outcomes and Costs of Surgical Treatments of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Stey, A. M., Barnert, E. S., Tseng, C., et al. (2015) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2014-1058 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Fujii, T., Ohtsuka, Y., Lee, T., et al. (2006) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/01.mpg.0000228100.04702.f8 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Kotani, Y., Shinkai, S., OKAMATSU, H., Toba, M., Ogawa, K., Yoshida, H., Fukaya, T., Fujiwara, Y., Chaves, P. H. M., Kakumoto, K., et al. (2010) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/1742-4933-7-11 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Natividad, J. M., Hayes, C. L., Motta, J., Jury, J., Galipeau, H. J., Philip, V., García‐Ródenas, C. L., Kiyama, H., Berčík, P., & Verdu, E. F. (2013) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.02470-13 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Induction of human cytokines by bacteria used in dairy foods
Pereyra, B., & Lemonnier, D. (1993) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(05)80737-7 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Korhonen, R., Korpela, R., Saxelin, M., Mäki, M., Kankaanranta, H., & Moilanen, E. (2001) · Inflammation · doi:10.1023/a:1010971703271 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Patole, S., Rao, S. C., Keil, A. D., Nathan, E., Doherty, D. A., & Simmer, K. N. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150775 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Self-citationHärtel, C., Pagel, J., Rupp, J., Bendiks, M., Guthmann, F., Rieger‐Fackeldey, E., Heckmann, M., Franz, A. R., Schiffmann, J.-H., Zimmermann, B., et al. (2014) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.04.029 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Sugahara, H., Yao, R., Odamaki, T., & Xiao, J. (2017) · Beneficial Microbes · doi:10.3920/bm2016.0158 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Bifidobacterium septicaemia in an extremely low-birthweight infant under probiotic therapy: Figure 1
Jenke, A. C. W., Ruf, E.-M., Hoppe, T., Heldmann, M., & Wirth, S. (2011) · Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal · doi:10.1136/archdischild-2011-300838 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Probiotic Bacteria May Become Dormant during Storage
Lahtinen, S. J., Gueimonde, M., Ouwehand, A. C., Reinikainen, J. P., & Salminen, S. (2005) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.71.3.1662-1663.2005 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants and newborns
Mϋller, M. J., Paul, T., & Seeliger, S. (2016) · Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine · doi:10.3233/npm-16915130 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Lactobacillus acidophilus Sepsis in a Neonate
Thompson, C. A. H., McCarter, Y. S., Krause, P. J., & HERSON, V. C. (2001) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7200509 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Takahashi, N., Kitazawa, H., Iwabuchi, N., Xiao, J., Miyaji, K., Iwatsuki, K., & Saito, T. T. (2006) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03111.x · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Habil, N., Abate, W., Beal, J., & Foey, A. (2014) · Beneficial Microbes · doi:10.3920/bm2013.0061 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Enhancement of Immune Response of Murine Peyer's Patches by a Diet Supplemented With Yogurt
Simone, C. D., Vesely, R., Negri, R., Salvadori, B. B., Zanzoglu, S., Cilli, A., & Lucci, L. (1987) · Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology · doi:10.3109/08923978709035203 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Neonatal meningitis due to Lactobacillus
Broughton, R. A., Gruber, W. C., Haffar, A. A. M., & Baker, C. J. (1983) · The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal · doi:10.1097/00006454-198309000-00012 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Intestinal Colonization and Programming of the Intestinal Immune Response
Walker, A. W. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000000230 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Effects of heat-inactivated Bifidobacterium BB12 on cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans in vitro
Schwendicke, F., Horb, K., Kneist, S., Dörfer, C. E., & Paris, S. (2014) · Archives of Oral Biology · doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.08.012 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Sakai, Y., Tsukahara, T., Bukawa, W., et al. (2006) · Poultry Science · doi:10.1093/ps/85.2.273 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Zorzela, L., Ardestani, S. K., McFarland, L. V., & Vohra, S. (2017) · Beneficial Microbes · doi:10.3920/bm2017.0032 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Safety ofLactobacillusGG Probiotic in Infants with Very Low Birth Weight: Twelve Years of Experience
Luoto, R., Isolauri, E., & Lehtonen, L. (2010) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/651694 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Bloise, E., Torricelli, M., Novembri, R., Borges, L. E., Carrarelli, P., dos Reis, F. M., & Petraglia, F. (2010) · Placenta · doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2010.04.007 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Nakamura, Y., Terahara, M., Iwamoto, T., Yamada, K., Asano, M., Kakuta, S., Iwakura, Y., & Totsuka, M. (2011) · Scandinavian Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02645.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Probiotics in neonatal intensive care – Back to the future
Deshpande, G. C., Rao, S. C., & Patole, S. (2015) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/ajo.12328 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationBifidobacterium breve M‐16V as a Probiotic for Preterm Infants: A Strain‐Specific Systematic Review
Athalye‐Jape, G., Rao, S. C., Simmer, K. N., et al. (2017) · Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · doi:10.1177/0148607117722749 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationHayes, C. L., Natividad, J. M., Jury, J., Martín, R., Langella, P., & Verdu, E. F. (2014) · Beneficial Microbes · doi:10.3920/bm2013.0039 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Bifidobacterium breve M‐16V as a probiotic for preterm infants–a strain specific systematic review
(2017) · Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health · doi:10.1111/jpc.13494_139 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Salminen, S., Collado, M. C., Endo, A., Hill, C., Lebeer, S., Quigley, E. M. M., Sanders, M. E., Shamir, R., Swann, J. R., Szajewska, H., et al. (2021) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-021-00440-6 · Cited by 2,488 · see citing works
Swanson, K. S., Gibson, G. R., Hutkins, R., Reimer, R. A., Reid, G., Verbeke, K., Scott, K. P., Holscher, H. D., Azad, M. B., Delzenne, N. M., et al. (2020) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-020-0344-2 · Cited by 2,196 · see citing works
Postbiotics-Parabiotics: The New Horizons in Microbial Biotherapy and Functional Foods
Nataraj, B. H., Ali, S. A., Behare, P. V., & Yadav, H. (2020) · Microbial Cell Factories · doi:10.1186/s12934-020-01426-w · Cited by 737 · see citing works
Health Benefits of Heat-Killed (Tyndallized) Probiotics: An Overview
Piqué, N., Berlanga, M., & Miñana-Galbis, D. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20102534 · Cited by 642 · see citing works
Paraprobiotics and postbiotics: Concepts and potential applications in dairy products
Barros, C. P., Guimarães, J. T., Esmerino, E. A., Duarte, M. C. K., Silva, M. C., Silva, R., Ferreira, B. M., Sant’Ana, A. S., Freitas, M. Q., & Cruz, A. G. (2020) · Current Opinion in Food Science · doi:10.1016/j.cofs.2019.12.003 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Probiotics
Jäger, R., Mohr, A. E., Carpenter, K. C., Kerksick, C. M., Purpura, M., Moussa, A., Townsend, J. R., Lamprecht, M., West, N. P., Black, K., et al. (2019) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-019-0329-0 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Wei, C.-L., Wang, S., Yen, J.-T., Cheng, Y.-F., Liao, C.-L., Hsu, C.-C., Wu, C.-C., & Tsai, Y.-C. (2019) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2019.01.025 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
- Authors
- Deshpande, G., Athalye-Jape, G., & Patole, S.
- Affiliations
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Department of Neonatology, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Perth, WA 6008, Australia
- King Edward Memorial Hospital (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Patole, Sanjay
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2018-07-05
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 871
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6073938
- OpenAlex
- W2810457622
- Cited by
- 164
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 1.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Keywords
- paraprobiotics, preterm infants, probiotics, necrotizing enterocolitis, intestinal barrier integrity, cell extracts, antibiotic resistance transmission, probiotic safety, extremely preterm infants
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Infant Mortality, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Risk Factors, Sepsis, Evidence-Based Medicine, Probiotics, Enterocolitis, Necrotizing, Gastrointestinal Tract, Premature Birth
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
