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Dietary Intakes and Cardiovascular Health of Healthy Adults in Short-, Medium-, and Long-Term Whole-Food Plant-Based Lifestyle Program

Jakše, Boštjan, Jakše, Barbara, Pinter, Stanislav, Jug, Borut, Godnov, Uroš, Pajek, Jernej, Fidler Mis, Nataša·2019·Nutrients
DOI 10.3390/nu12010055
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Abstract

An effective lifestyle strategy to reduce cardiovascular diseases risk (CVD) factors is needed. We examined the effects of a whole-food plant-based (WFPB) lifestyle program on dietary intake and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in 151 adults (mean 39.6 (SD 12.5) years). Adherence was categorised into short-, medium- and long-term (years: (0.5–<2), (2–<5) and (5–10)), for both genders separately. Dietary intakes were assessed, fasting blood lipids and blood pressure (BP) were measured, and % participants reaching guideline recommended targets for LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and BP in the primary CVD prevention was assessed. There were no statistically significant differences in intakes of energy and most nutrients among participants (both genders), that were short-, medium- and long term in our program. Diet was mainly composed of unprocessed vegetables/fruits, whole grains, legumes, potatoes, and nuts/seeds. LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic BP were within targets for: 93%, 97%, 88% and 95% participants, respectively. In females (vs. males), total- and HDL-cholesterol were higher (mean): 3.8 (SD 0.7) vs. 3.4 (SD 0.9), p = 0.002 and 1.5 (SD 0.3) vs. 1.1 (SD 0.2) mmol/L, p < 0.001), systolic BP was lower (113 (SD 11) vs. 120 (SD 10) mmHg, p = 0.001), while there was no difference in diastolic BP (71 (SD 9) vs. 72 (SD 8) mmHg, p = 0.143). More females vs. males reached target triglycerides (99% vs. 91%, p = 0.021) and systolic BP (92% vs. 79%, p = 0.046), while similar females and males reached target LDL-cholesterol (94% vs. 91%, p = 0.500) and diastolic BP (93% vs. 100%, p = 0.107). Participation in our WFPB lifestyle program is associated with favourable dietary intakes, safety markers, and CV risk factor profiles.

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Metadata

Authors
Jakše, B., Jakše, B., Pinter, S., Jug, B., Godnov, U., Pajek, J., & Fidler Mis, N.
Venue
Nutrients
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2019-12-24
Volume
12
Issue
1
Pages
55
ISSN
2072-6643
DOI
10.3390/nu12010055
Cited by
30
References
19
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Funders
  • Slovenian Research Agency (Research Program P3-0395: Nutrition and Public Health))
  • Barbara Jakše, s.p. (sole proprietor) (Barbara Jakše, s.p. (sole proprietor))

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