Effect of comprehensive lifestyle changes on telomerase activity and telomere length in men with biopsy-proven low-risk prostate cancer: 5-year follow-up of a descriptive pilot study
Abstract
Background Telomere shortness in human beings is a prognostic marker of ageing, disease, and premature morbidity. We previously found an association between 3 months of comprehensive lifestyle changes and increased telomerase activity in human immune-system cells. We followed up participants to investigate long-term effects.Methods This follow-up study compared ten men and 25 external controls who had biopsy-proven low-risk prostate cancer and had chosen to undergo active surveillance. Eligible participants were enrolled between 2003 and 2007 from previous studies and selected according to the same criteria. Men in the intervention group followed a programme of comprehensive lifestyle changes (diet, activity, stress management, and social support), and the men in the control group underwent active surveillance alone. We took blood samples at 5 years and compared relative telomere length and telomerase enzymatic activity per viable cell with those at baseline, and assessed their relation to the degree of lifestyle changes.Findings Relative telomere length increased from baseline by a median of 0·06 telomere to single-copy gene ratio (T/S)units (IQR-0·05 to 0·11) in the lifestyle intervention group, but decreased in the control group (-0·03 T/S units, -0·05 to 0·03, difference p=0·03). When data from the two groups were combined, adherence to lifestyle changes was significantly associated with relative telomere length after adjustment for age and the length of follow-up (for each percentage point increase in lifestyle adherence score, T/S units increased by 0·07, 95% CI 0·02-0·12, p=0·005). At 5 years, telomerase activity had decreased from baseline by 0·25 (-2·25 to 2·23) units in the lifestyle intervention group, and by 1·08 (-3·25 to 1·86) units in the control group (p=0·64), and was not associated with adherence to lifestyle changes (relative risk 0·93, 95% CI 0·72-1·20, p=0·57).Interpretation Our comprehensive lifestyle intervention was associated with increases in relative telomere length after 5 years of follow-up, compared with controls, in this small pilot study. Larger randomised controlled trials are warranted to confirm this finding.Funding US Department of Defense, NIH/NCI, Furlotti Family Foundation, Bahna Foundation, DeJoria Foundation, Walton Family Foundation, Resnick Foundation, Greenbaum Foundation, Natwin Foundation, Safeway Foundation, Prostate Cancer Foundation.
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Patients with prostate cancer exhibit higher telomerase activity after meditation.
“Ornish et al,32 who first studied the relationship between meditation training and telomerase activity, has found that patients with prostate cancer exhibit higher telomerase activity after meditation.”
From Biological mechanism study of meditation and its application in mental disorders (2020) · cites this paper as [32]
Ornish et al. (2013) was limited by small sample size (10 intervention subjects and 25 controls) and non-randomized design, which may introduce unknown sources of bias.
“This study was limited by the small sample size (10 subjects in the intervention group and 25 controls) and by the non-randomized study design, which may introduce unknown sources of bias.”
From Psychiatric disorders and leukocyte telomere length: Underlying mechanisms linking mental illness with cellular aging (2015) · cites this paper as Ornish et al., 2013
A five-year follow-up of ten of the original Ornish et al. (2008) participants showed that their LTL significantly increased from baseline relative to control men whose prostate cancer was followed by active surveillance, although their PBMC basal TA had decreased somewhat compared to baseline.
“A five-year follow-up of ten of the original participants from that study showed that their LTL significantly increased from baseline relative to control men whose prostate cancer was simply followed by active surveillance, although their PBMC basal TA had decreased somewhat compared to the baseline measurement (Ornish et al., 2013).”
From Psychiatric disorders and leukocyte telomere length: Underlying mechanisms linking mental illness with cellular aging (2015) · cites this paper as Ornish et al., 2013
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- Authors
- Ornish, D., Lin, J., Chan, J. M., Epel, E., Kemp, C., Weidner, G., Marlin, R., Frenda, S. J., Magbanua, M. J. M., Daubenmier, J., Estay, I., Hills, N. K., Chainani-Wu, N., Carroll, P. R., & Blackburn, E. H.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Preventive Medicine Research Institute (US)
- San Francisco State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ornish, Dean
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Lancet Oncology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-10
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1112-1120
- ISSN
- 1470-2045 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2159843609
- Cited by
- 390
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 7
- FWCI
- 26.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet Oncology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Defense
- National Cancer Institute (R01 R01CA101042, R01CA101042)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Keywords
- telomere length, telomerase activity, lifestyle intervention, low-risk prostate cancer, active surveillance, telomere shortening, lifestyle adherence, diet, physical activity, stress management, social support, aging biomarkers, men's health, long-term follow-up, biomarkers of disease risk
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Diet, DNA, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Prognosis, Prostatic Neoplasms, Exercise, Case-Control Studies, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Telomerase, Telomere Homeostasis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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