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Cited by 53Ovarian function and disordersNutritional Studies and DietDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Hyperandrogenism Mediate the Link between Poor Diet Quality and Ovarian Dysmorphology in Reproductive-Aged Women

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Kazemi, Maryam, Jarrett, Brittany Y., Vanden Brink, Heidi, Lin, Annie W., Hoeger, Kathleen M., Spandorfer, Steven D., Lujan, Marla E.·2020·Nutrients
DOI 10.3390/nu12071953PMC PMC7399845
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Abstract

The relationship between diet quality and ovarian morphology has biological plausibility yet remains unclear and was therefore evaluated. In a multicenter cross-sectional analysis, four dietary patterns were scored for 111 consecutive reproductive-aged women (18–45 years) using (1) Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015); (2) alternative HEI-2010; (3) alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED); (4) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) indices. Ovarian volume (OV) and follicle number per ovary (FNPO) were evaluated on transvaginal ultrasonography. Relationships between dietary and ovarian morphology indices were evaluated by linear regression and mediation analyses. Associations between aMED and DASH scores and OV/FNPO were completely mediated by obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism (All: p < 0.05), unlike direct associations (All: p ≥ 0.89). Namely, a 1-standard deviation [SD] increase in aMED score was associated with decreases in OV (0.09 SD; 0.4 mL) through reducing waist circumference. Likewise, a 1 SD increase in aMED and DASH score was associated with decreases in OV (0.07 SD; 0.3 mL) by reducing glucose response to a 75 g glucose tolerance test. A 1 SD increase in DASH score was associated with decreased FNPO (0.07 SD; 2 follicles) by reducing free androgen index (All: p < 0.05). Adherence to aMED and DASH eating plans was indirectly associated with significant improvements in ovarian form, providing novel mechanistic insights for future interventions about contributions of diet quality on ovarian function.

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  • Higher adherence to the Med diet was associated with decreased waist circumference, reduced ovarian volume, and lowered PCOS severity.

    “It was observed that higher adherence to the Med diet was associated with decreased waist circumference, reduced ovarian volume, and lowered PCOS severity [42].”

    From Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Improving Metabolic Dysfunctions in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2024) · cites this paper as [42]

    The Results (§3.3.2 and §3.4.1; page unavailable) associate higher aMED scores with lower waist circumference and indirectly with lower ovarian volume. They do not establish lower PCOS severity: the study included women with and without PCOS, and the ovarian-morphology associations were not statistically significant within the smaller PCOS subgroup (§3.4.2). (LLM, conf=0.89)

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Authors
Kazemi, M., Jarrett, B. Y., Vanden Brink, H., Lin, A. W., Hoeger, K. M., Spandorfer, S. D., & Lujan, M. E.
Affiliations
  • Cornell University (US)
  • Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
  • Northwestern University (US)
  • University of Rochester Medicine (US)
  • Weill Cornell Medicine (US)
Corresponding author
Lujan, Marla E.
ORCID
Venue
Nutrients
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-06-30
Volume
12
Issue
7
Pages
1953
ISSN
2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/nu12071953
PMC
PMC7399845
OpenAlex
W3038619279
Cited by
53
References
144
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 3
FWCI
6.39
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Division of Nutritional Sciences at Cornell University (N/A)
  • National Institutes of Health (R56-HD089962 and ULTR000457)
  • Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Foundation (N/A)
  • National Institutes of Health fellowship awards (T32-DK007158 and T32-CA193193)
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research (146182)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords
diet quality, ovarian morphology, ovarian volume, obesity, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, Mediterranean diet, DASH diet, Healthy Eating Index, free androgen index, glucose tolerance, women of reproductive age, mediation analysis
MeSH terms
Diet, Healthy, Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension, Mediation Analysis, Adolescent, Adult, Clinical Trials as Topic, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Female, Ovarian Follicle, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Middle Aged, Obesity, Ovarian Diseases, Ovary, Linear Models, Hyperandrogenism, Diet, Mediterranean, Young Adult

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