Cited by 1,567Nutritional Studies and DietSodium Intake and HealthCardiovascular Health and Risk Factors

Adherence to a DASH-Style Diet and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke in Women

Fung, Teresa T.·2008·Archives of Internal Medicine

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet has been shown to lower blood pressure, but little is known about its long-term effect on cardiovascular end points. Our objective was to assess the association between a DASH-style diet adherence score and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in women. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, diet was assessed 7 times during 24 years of follow-up (1980-2004) with validated food frequency questionnaires. A DASH score based on 8 food and nutrient components (fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and legumes, low-fat dairy, red and processed meats, sweetened beverages, and sodium) was calculated. Lifestyle and medical information was collected biennially with a questionnaire. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to adjust for potential confounders. The study population comprised 88,517 female nurses aged 34 to 59 years without a history of cardiovascular disease or diabetes in 1980. The main outcome measures were the numbers of confirmed incident cases of nonfatal myocardial infarction, CHD death, and stroke. RESULTS: We documented 2129 cases of incident nonfatal myocardial infarction, 976 CHD deaths, and 2317 [corrected] cases of stroke. After adjustment for age, smoking, and other cardiovascular risk factors, the relative risks of CHD across quintiles of the DASH score were 1.0, 0.99, 0.86, 0.87, and 0.76 (95% confidence interval, 0.67-0.85) (P<.001 for trend). The magnitude of risk difference was similar for nonfatal myocardial infarction and fatal CHD. The DASH score was also significantly associated with lower risk of stroke (multivariate relative risks across quintiles of the DASH score were 1.0, 0.92, 0.91, 0.89, and 0.82) (P=.002 for trend). Cross-sectional analysis in a subgroup of women with blood samples showed that the DASH score was significantly associated with lower plasma levels of C-reactive protein (P=.008 for trend) and interleukin 6 (P=.04 for trend). CONCLUSION: Adherence to the DASH-style diet is associated with a lower risk of CHD and stroke among middle-aged women during 24 years of follow-up.

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Crossref · 10.1001/archinte.168.7.713

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  • The DASH pattern focuses on increasing intake of plant and lean meat/fish/dairy micronutrients associated with lowering blood pressure (potassium, calcium, magnesium) and limiting macronutrients and micronutrients associated with increased blood pressure (saturated fat, added sugars, sodium).

    “The DASH pattern is focused on increasing the intake of plant and lean meat/fish/dairy micronutrients associated with lowering blood pressure (potassium, calcium, and magnesium) and limiting macronutrients and micronutrients associated with increased blood pressure (saturated fat, added sugars, and sodium).12-18”

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Authors
Fung, T. T.
Affiliations
Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
Corresponding author
Fung, Teresa T.
Venue
Archives of Internal Medicine
Published
2008-04-14
Volume
168
Issue
7
Pages
713
ISSN
0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2162555596
Cited by
1,567
References
47
Citations by year
2026: 100 · 2025: 123 · 2024: 128 · 2023: 118 · 2022: 131 · 2021: 125 · 2020: 175 · 2019: 94 · 2018: 97 · 2017: 66 · 2016: 65 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 59 · 2013: 46 · 2012: 46
FWCI
42.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL60712, R01HL060712)
  • National Cancer Institute (CA-87969, P01CA087969)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
Keywords
DASH diet, coronary artery disease, stroke, myocardial infarction, women, dietary adherence, cardiovascular risk, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, inflammation, nurses, sodium intake, dietary habits, middle-aged women, cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke incidence, blood pressure reduction, fruit and vegetable intake
MeSH terms
Adult, C-Reactive Protein, Coronary Disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Prospective Studies, Risk, Cohort Studies, Interleukin-6, Stroke

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