The Effects of Low-Carbohydrate Diets on Psychosocial Outcomes in Obesity/Overweight: A Systematic Review of Randomized, Controlled Studies
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Background: Little is known about the relative psychosocial effects of carbohydrate reduction in comparison to other weight-loss diets in subjects receiving treatment for obesity/overweight. We, therefore, set out to conduct a systematic review of the psychosocial outcomes of such patients, treated by means of either a low-carbohydrate diet or an isocaloric diet of other macronutrient composition. Methods: Literature searches, study selection, method development, and quality appraisal were performed independently by two authors, and data were synthesized using a narrative approach, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Eight randomized controlled studies met the inclusion criteria, and their subsequent analysis revealed that improvements in psychological and social outcomes do occur during short- and long-term weight loss programmes, but that low-carbohydrate diets have no greater effect on psychosocial outcomes when compared to diets of different macronutrient composition at either short- or long-term follow-up (one-year). However, the lack of studies with longer duration follow-up, and the absence of data in the adolescent population limit the generalizability of our findings. Conclusion: The short- and long-term improvements in psychosocial outcomes seen in patients undergoing weight-loss treatment appear to be independent of the macronutrient composition of their diet.
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Reports of positive psychosocial effects of carbohydrate reduction have not been substantiated in controlled trials.
“There have also been reports of positive psychosocial effects of carbohydrate reduction, although, in controlled trials, these effects have not been substantiated [9].”
From Benefits of low carbohydrate diets: a settled question or still controversial? (2021) · cites this paper as [9]
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Itani, L., & Ghoch, M. E. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16223838 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Low carbohydrate versus balanced carbohydrate diets for reducing weight and cardiovascular risk
Naude, C. E., Schoonees, A., Nguyen, K. A., Senekal, M., Young, T., Garner, P., Chaplin, M., & Volmink, J. A. (2019) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013334 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
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Revising BMI Cut-Off Points for Obesity in a Weight Management Setting in Lebanon
Itani, L., Kreidieh, D., Masri, D. E., Tannir, H., Chehade, L., & Ghoch, M. E. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17113832 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
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Psychobiotics as an Emerging Category of Probiotic Products
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The Dilemma of Weight Cycling in Obesity: Is It Really a Health Risk Factor?
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Self-citationPostprandial glycaemic dips predict appetite and energy intake in healthy individuals
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Nutritional Interventions vs. Pharmacological Interventions
Darwish, S. F., Mageed, S. S. A., Raouf, A. A., Elbadry, A. M. M., & Mahmoud, A. M. A. (2024) · Nutritional neurosciences · doi:10.1007/978-981-97-2681-3_20
- Authors
- El Ghoch, M., Calugi, S., & Dalle Grave, R.
- Affiliations
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Via Montebaldo, 89, Garda I-37016, Italy
- Casa di Cura Villa Garda (IT)
- ORCID
- Calugi, Simona
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2016-06-29
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 402
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4963878
- OpenAlex
- W2460620118
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 0.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Keywords
- low-carbohydrate diet, obesity, overweight, psychosocial outcomes, weight loss, macronutrient composition, isocaloric diet, psychological well-being, social functioning
- MeSH terms
- Diet, Reducing, Emotions, Humans, Mental Health, Obesity, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Databases, Factual, Treatment Outcome, Overweight, Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted
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