Egg consumption in relation to risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
Background The associations of egg consumption with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes are still unclear.Objective We aimed to quantitatively summarize the literature on egg consumption and risk of CVD, cardiac mortality, and type 2 diabetes by conducting a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.Design A systematic literature review was conducted for published studies in PubMed and EMBASE through March 2012. Additional information was retrieved through Google or a hand review of the reference from relevant articles. Studies were included if they had a prospective study design, were published in English-language journals, and provided HRs and 95% CIs for the associations of interest. Data were independently extracted by 2 investigators, and the weighted HRs and 95% CIs for the associations of interest were estimated by using a random-effects model.Results A total of 22 independent cohorts from 16 studies were identified, including participants ranging in number from 1600 to 90,735 and in follow-up time from 5.8 to 20.0 y. Comparison of the highest category (≥1 egg/d) of egg consumption with the lowest (<1 egg/wk or never) resulted in a pooled HR (95% CI) of 0.96 (0.88, 1.05) for overall CVD, 0.97 (0.86, 1.09) for ischemic heart disease, 0.93 (0.81, 1.07) for stroke, 0.98 (0.77, 1.24) for ischemic heart disease mortality, 0.92 (0.56, 1.50) for stroke mortality, and 1.42 (1.09, 1.86) for type 2 diabetes. Of the studies conducted in diabetic patients, the pooled HR (95% CI) was 1.69 (1.09, 2.62) for overall CVD.Conclusions This meta-analysis suggests that egg consumption is not associated with the risk of CVD and cardiac mortality in the general population. However, egg consumption may be associated with an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes among the general population and CVD comorbidity among diabetic patients.
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Frequent egg consumers (7+ eggs/week) have higher new-onset of diabetes; among patients with prevalent diabetes, frequent consumers experience more clinical CVD events.
“Frequent consumers (7+ eggs/week) have higher new-onset of diabetes; and among patients with prevalent diabetes, frequent consumers experience more clinical CVD events.”
From Dietary and Policy Priorities for Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity: A Comprehensive Review (2016) · cites this paper as [197]
Egg consumption has no significant association with incident CVD in general populations.
“Egg consumption has no significant association with incident CVD in general populations (Figure 6).196, 197”
From Dietary and Policy Priorities for Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity: A Comprehensive Review (2016) · cites this paper as [197]
In a meta-analysis of 16 prospective cohort studies, egg consumption was not associated with overall CVD, CHD, stroke, or CHD/stroke mortality, but was associated with T2DM.
“In a meta-analysis (194) of 16 prospective cohort studies (90,735 participants) (191), egg consumption was not associated with overall CVD or CHD, stroke, or CHD or stroke mortality; but was associated with T2DM.”
From Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System (2015) · cites this paper as [194]
In DART-1, fish lowered all-cause mortality and trended towards reducing CVD events after 2 years.
“In DART-1, fish lowered all-cause mortality and trended towards reducing CVD events after 2 y (194).”
From Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System (2015) · cites this paper as [194]
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- Authors
- Shin, J. Y., Xun, P., Nakamura, Y., & He, K.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- He, Ka
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-07
- Volume
- 98
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 146-159
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3683816
- OpenAlex
- W2150644041
- Cited by
- 289
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 3.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R21DK073812)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R21NS056445)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nuts composition and effects
- Keywords
- egg consumption, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, ischemic heart disease, stroke, cardiac mortality, diabetes comorbidity, dietary cholesterol, dietary fat
- MeSH terms
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Eggs, Humans, Risk Factors, Incidence, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Databases, Factual
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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