A Mediterranean diet lowers blood pressure and improves endothelial function: results from the MedLey randomized intervention trial
Open accessAbstract
Background: The consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. However, its impact on blood pressure and endothelial function is not clear.Objective: We sought to determine the effects of adhering to the consumption of a MedDiet for 6 mo on blood pressure and endothelial function in older, healthy Australians.Design: A total of 166 men and women aged >64 y were allocated via minimization to consume either a MedDiet (n = 85) or their habitual diet (HabDiet; control: n = 81) for 6 mo. The MedDiet comprised mainly plant foods, abundant extra-virgin olive oil, and minimal red meat and processed foods. A total of 152 participants commenced the study, and 137 subjects completed the study. Home blood pressure was measured on 5 consecutive days at baseline (n = 149) and at 3 and 6 mo. Endothelial function (n = 82) was assessed by flow-meditated dilatation (FMD) at baseline and 6 mo. Dietary intake was monitored with the use of 3-d weighed food records. Data were analyzed with the use of linear mixed-effects models to determine adjusted between-group differences.Results: The MedDiet adherence score increased significantly in the MedDiet group but not in the HabDiet group (P < 0.001). The MedDiet, compared with the HabDiet, resulted in lower systolic blood pressure (P-diet × time interaction = 0.02) [mean: -1.3 mm Hg (95% CI: -2.2, -0.3 mm Hg; P = 0.008) at 3 mo and -1.1 mm Hg (95% CI: -2.0, -0.1 mm Hg; P = 0.03) at 6 mo]. At 6 mo, the percentage of FMD was higher by 1.3% (95% CI: 0.2%, 2.4%; P = 0.026) in the MedDiet group.Conclusion: Australian men and women who consumed a MedDiet for 6 mo had small but significantly lower systolic blood pressure and improved endothelial function. This trial was registered at www.anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12613000602729.
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Accurate BP measurement is fundamental to diagnosing and effectively managing hypertension.
“Accurate measurement of BP is fundamental to diagnosis and effective management of hypertension.210,211,228”
From American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update. (2022) · cites this paper as [211]
The Discussion (page not available) says home BP measurements can be more sensitive than clinic measurements and avoid white-coat effects; it also acknowledges uncertainty about the accuracy of participants’ readings. This supports the importance of measurement quality, but the paper does not address whether accurate BP measurement is fundamental to diagnosing or managing hypertension. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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- Authors
- Davis, C. R., Hodgson, J. M., Woodman, R., Bryan, J., Wilson, C., & Murphy, K. J.
- Affiliations
- University of South Australia (AU)
- Edith Cowan University (AU)
- Flinders University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Davis, Courtney R
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-06
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1305-1313
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2607334803
- Cited by
- 191
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 16.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Australasian Journal of Paramedicine (submittedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council (1050949)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
- Keywords
- Mediterranean diet, blood pressure, endothelial function, flow-mediated dilation, older adults, extra virgin olive oil, dietary intervention, hypertension, cardiovascular disease prevention, dietary adherence, systolic blood pressure reduction, plant-based diet, home blood pressure monitoring, dietary monitoring
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Australia, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Endothelium, Vascular, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Vasodilation, Diet Records, Diet, Mediterranean
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