Cited by 243Food composition and propertiesGut microbiota and healthMicrobial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology

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Role of Resistant Starch in Improving Gut Health, Adiposity, and Insulin Resistance

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Keenan, Michael J, Zhou, June, Hegsted, Maren, Pelkman, Christine, Durham, Holiday A, Coulon, Diana B, Martin, Roy J·2015·Advances in Nutrition

DOI 10.3945/an.114.007419PMC PMC4352178

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Abstract

The realization that low-glycemic index diets were formulated using resistant starch led to more than a decade of research on the health effects of resistant starch. Determination of the metabolizable energy of the resistant starch product allowed for the performance of isocaloric studies. Fermentation of resistant starch in rodent studies results in what appears to be a healthier gut, demonstrated by increased amounts of short-chain fatty acids, an apparent positive change in the microbiota, and increased gene expression for gene products involved in normal healthy proliferation and apoptosis of potential cancer cells. Additionally, consumption of resistant starch was associated with reduced abdominal fat and improved insulin sensitivity. Increased serum glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) likely plays a role in promoting these health benefits. One rodent study that did not use isocaloric diets demonstrated that the use of resistant starch at 8% of the weight of the diet reduced body fat. This appears to be approximately equivalent to the human fiber requirement. In human subjects, insulin sensitivity is increased with the feeding of resistant starch. However, only 1 of several studies reports an increase in serum GLP-1 associated with resistant starch added to the diet. This means that other mechanisms, such as increased intestinal gluconeogenesis or increased adiponectin, may be involved in the promotion of improved insulin sensitivity. Future research may confirm that there will be improved health if human individuals consume the requirement for dietary fiber and a large amount of the fiber is fermentable.

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Authors: Keenan, M. J., Zhou, J., Hegsted, M., Pelkman, C., Durham, H. A., Coulon, D. B., & Martin, R. J.
Affiliations: United States Department of Veterans Affairs (US)
University of Wisconsin–Stout (US)
Ingredion (United States) (US)
Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
Louisiana State University (US)
United States Department of Agriculture (US)
Corresponding author: Keenan, Michael J
ORCID: Keenan, Michael J
Coulon, Diana B
Martin, Roy J
Venue: Advances in Nutrition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2015-03
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Pages: 198-205
ISSN: 2156-5376 (ISSN-L)
2161-8313
DOI: 10.3945/an.114.007419
PMC: PMC4352178
OpenAlex: W2167525097
Semantic Scholar: df2931f1244729ea55b43f1db09c74b9a327e10f
Cited by: 243
References: 74
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 6
FWCI: 2.91
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 2524 d)
Locations: Advances in Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Civil War Book Review (submittedVersion)
Funders: Louisiana State University
Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center (U54GM104940, 1 U54 GM104940, GM104940)
National Institutes of Health (GM104940)
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Agricultural Center, Louisiana State University (1 U54 GM104940)
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM104940, U54GM104940)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R21DK073403, R21 DK-073403-01A1)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
Keywords: resistant starch, gut health, adiposity, insulin resistance, short-chain fatty acids, gut microbiota, glucagon-like peptide-1, intestinal gluconeogenesis, adiponectin, dietary fiber, low glycemic index diet, isocaloric diet, abdominal fat, tumor cell apoptosis
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Diet, Dietary Fiber, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Fermentation, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Starch, Gastrointestinal Tract, Abdominal Fat, Adiposity, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Obesity, Abdominal

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Role of Resistant Starch in Improving Gut Health, Adiposity, and Insulin Resistance

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