Cited by 332Autophagy in Disease and TherapySirtuins and Resveratrol in MedicineMetabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer

Metformin Alleviates Hepatosteatosis by Restoring SIRT1-Mediated Autophagy Induction via an AMP-Activated Protein Kinase-Independent Pathway

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Song, Young Mi, Lee, Yong-ho, Kim, Ji-Won, Ham, Dong-Sik, Kang, Eun-Seok, Cha, Bong Soo, Lee, Hyun Chul, Lee, Byung-Wan·2015·Autophagy

Abstract

Metformin activates both PRKA and SIRT1. Furthermore, autophagy is induced by either the PRKA-MTOR-ULK1 or SIRT1-FOXO signaling pathways. We aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which metformin alleviates hepatosteatosis by examining the molecular interplay between SIRT1, PRKA, and autophagy. ob/ob mice were divided into 3 groups: one with ad libitum feeding of a standard chow diet, one with 300 mg/kg intraperitoneal metformin injections, and one with 3 g/d caloric restriction (CR) for a period of 4 wk. Primary hepatocytes or HepG2 cells were treated with oleic acid (OA) plus high glucose in the absence or presence of metformin. Both CR and metformin significantly improved body weight and glucose homeostasis, along with hepatic steatosis, in ob/ob mice. Furthermore, CR and metformin both upregulated SIRT1 expression and also stimulated autophagy induction and flux in vivo. Metformin also prevented OA with high glucose-induced suppression of both SIRT1 expression and SIRT1-dependent activation of autophagy machinery, thereby alleviating intracellular lipid accumulation in vitro. Interestingly, metformin treatment upregulated SIRT1 expression and activated PRKA even after siRNA-mediated knockdown of PRKAA1/2 and SIRT1, respectively. Taken together, these results suggest that metformin alleviates hepatic steatosis through PRKA-independent, SIRT1-mediated effects on the autophagy machinery.

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Authors
Song, Y. M., Lee, Y.-H., Kim, J.-W., Ham, D.-S., Kang, E.-S., Cha, B. S., Lee, H. C., & Lee, B.-W.
Affiliations
  • Yonsei University (KR)
  • The Catholic University of Korea Seoul St. Mary's Hospital (KR)
Corresponding author
Lee, Byung-Wan
Venue
Autophagy
Published
2014-11-14
Volume
11
Issue
1
Pages
46-59
ISSN
  • 1554-8627 (ISSN-L)
  • 1554-8635
OpenAlex
W2087887173
Cited by
332
References
31
Citations by year
2026: 19 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 7
FWCI
14.86
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Autophagy (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • YUHSpace (Yonsei University Medical Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
  • National Research Foundation
  • National Research Foundation of Korea
  • Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Keywords
metformin, hepatic steatosis, SIRT1, AMPK, caloric restriction, ob/ob mice, oleic acid, high glucose, hepatic lipid accumulation, glucose homeostasis
MeSH terms
Animals, Autophagy, Blood Glucose, Body Weight, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Fatty Liver, Humans, Liver, Metformin, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Obese, Models, Biological, Phagosomes, Signal Transduction, Down-Regulation, Up-Regulation, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases, Oleic Acid, Hepatocytes, Caloric Restriction, Lipid Metabolism, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases, Sirtuin 1, Hep G2 Cells

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