Cited by 175Epigenetics and DNA MethylationMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and PostpartumBirth, Development, and Health

Prenatal stress decreases Bdnf expression and increases methylation of Bdnf exon IV in rats

Open access
Boersma, Gretha J, Lee, Richard S, Cordner, Zachary A, Ewald, Erin R, Purcell, Ryan H, Moghadam, Alexander A, Tamashiro, Kellie L·2014·Epigenetics

Abstract

There is ample evidence that exposure to stress during gestation increases the risk of the offspring to develop mood disorders. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) plays a critical role during neuronal development and is therefore a prime candidate to modulate neuronal signaling in adult offspring of rat dams that were stressed during gestation. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that alterations in Bdnf expression in prenatally stressed (PNS) offspring are mediated by changes in DNA methylation in exons IV and VI of the Bdnf gene. We observed decreased Bdnf expression in the amygdala and hippocampus of prenatally stressed rats both at weaning and in adulthood. This decrease in Bdnf expression was accompanied by increased DNA methylation in Bdnf exon IV in the amygdala and hippocampus, suggesting that PNS-induced reduction in Bdnf expression may, at least in part, be mediated by increased DNA methylation of Bdnf exon IV. Expression of DNA methyltransferases (Dnmt) 1 and 3a was increased in PNS rats in the amygdala and hippocampus. Our data suggest that PNS induces decreases in Bdnf expression that may at least in part be mediated by increased DNA methylation of Bdnf exon IV.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.4161/epi.27558

Cites

52 of 52 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Prenatally stressed rats had increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) promoter methylation and correspondingly decreased expression in the amygdala and hippocampus, observed at weaning and persisting into adulthood.

    “For example, prenatally stressed rats were shown to have increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) promoter methylation and correspondingly decreased expression in the amygdala and hippocampus [38]. This was observed in early life (at weaning) and persisted into adulthood.”

    From Biological Embedding of Early-Life Adversity and a Scoping Review of the Evidence for Intergenerational Epigenetic Transmission of Stress and Trauma in Humans (2023) · cites this paper as [38]

    The expression results report decreased Bdnf expression in the amygdala and hippocampus at both weaning (PND21) and adulthood (PND80). The exon IV promoter methylation results report an overall increase in both regions at PND21, but at PND80 the overall increase persisted only in the amygdala; the hippocampus had increases at specific CpG sites, not in overall methylation. Thus the claim overstates what persisted in both regions. (LLM, conf=0.89)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Early-life trauma in rodent models can influence DNA methylation of various candidate genes in brain regions important in stress signaling.

    “Numerous subsequent studies using rodent models have shown that early-life trauma (e.g., chronic and unpredictable maternal behavior, separation, fear conditioning), can influence DNA methylation of various candidate genes in brain regions important in stress signaling.”

    From Biological Embedding of Early-Life Adversity and a Scoping Review of the Evidence for Intergenerational Epigenetic Transmission of Stress and Trauma in Humans (2023) · cites this paper as [38]

    The Results section (DNA methylation of Bdnf exon IV promoter at PND21; page unavailable) reports increased Bdnf methylation in the amygdala of rats exposed to prenatal maternal stress, with increases at specific sites in the hippocampus. This supports the general point that early stress can affect methylation in relevant brain regions, but this study examines one candidate gene and prenatal stress, not the range of genes or postnatal experiences listed in the citing sentence. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Enduring behavioral responses to stress and epigenetic alterations in adult offspring have been demonstrated to be mediated by changes in gametes, in utero effects, variations in early postnatal care, and/or other early life experiences influenced by parental exposure.

    “Enduring behavioral responses to stress and epigenetic alterations in adult offspring have been demonstrated to be mediated by changes in gametes (10)(11)(12)(13), in utero effects (14), variations in early postnatal care (15,16), and/or other early life experiences (17) that are influenced by parental exposure (18).”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Boersma, G. J., Lee, R. S., Cordner, Z. A., Ewald, E. R., Purcell, R. H., Moghadam, A. A., & Tamashiro, K. L.
Affiliations
Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author
Boersma, Gretha J
Venue
Epigenetics
Published
2013-12-23
Volume
9
Issue
3
Pages
437-447
ISSN
  • 1559-2294 (ISSN-L)
  • 1559-2308
OpenAlex
W1994352959
Cited by
172
References
52
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 8 · 2012: 1
FWCI
6.56
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Epigenetics (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
  • Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (825.10.032)
  • National Institutes of Health (825.10.032, HD055030)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM008605)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-055030, R00HD055030, K99HD055030)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
Keywords
prenatal stress, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, DNA methylation, DNA methyltransferases, amygdala, hippocampus, epigenetic regulation, gene expression
MeSH terms
DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1, DNA Methyltransferase 3A, Amygdala, Animals, DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases, Exons, Female, Hippocampus, Male, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Stress, Psychological, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Prefrontal Cortex, DNA Methylation, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Rats

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review