Evaluation of the food safety training for food handlers in restaurant operations

Park, Sung-Hee; Kwak, Tong-Kyung; Chang, Hye-Ja

doi:10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.58

Cited by 168Food Safety and HygieneOccupational Health and Safety in WorkplacesHuman Resource Development and Performance Evaluation

Evaluation of the food safety training for food handlers in restaurant operations

Open access

Park, Sung-Hee, Kwak, Tong-Kyung, Chang, Hye-Ja·2010·Nutrition Research and Practice

DOI 10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.58PMC PMC2830416

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

This study examined the extent of improvement of food safety knowledge and practices of employee through food safety training. Employee knowledge and practice for food safety were evaluated before and after the food safety training program. The training program and questionnaires for evaluating employee knowledge and practices concerning food safety, and a checklist for determining food safety performance of restaurants were developed. Data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Twelve restaurants participated in this study. We split them into two groups: the intervention group with training, and the control group without food safety training. Employee knowledge of the intervention group also showed a significant improvement in their score, increasing from 49.3 before the training to 66.6 after training. But in terms of employee practices and the sanitation performance, there were no significant increases after the training. From these results, we recommended that the more job-specific and hand-on training materials for restaurant employees should be developed and more continuous implementation of the food safety training and integration of employee appraisal program with the outcome of safety training were needed.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.58

Cites

19 of 19 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-reported data are usually susceptible to social desirability bias, so respondents tend to overestimate their food safety practices.
“However, this is contrary to expected, since self-reported data are usually susceptible to social desirability bias [112], i.e., the tendency of respondents to give socially desirable responses in such a way as to be viewed favorably by others [113]. Thus, respondents tend to overestimate their food safety practices as being higher than their actual practices deserve [38,66,114,115].”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Food Safety and Hygiene Training on Food Handlers (2020) · cites this paper as [38]
The Discussion (page unavailable) says the restaurant food handlers’ self-ratings support the possibility that they rated their practices higher than warranted; the Results likewise contrast high self-ratings with lower professional assessments. The paper does not identify social desirability bias as the cause, and its qualified finding in this group does not establish a general tendency among respondents. In the citing sentence, the social-desirability statement is attached to other citations. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
For studies assessing practices through observations, evaluation was mainly done using a checklist.
“For studies assessing practices thorough observations, evaluation was mainly done using a checklist [38,97,98,99,116].”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Food Safety and Hygiene Training on Food Handlers (2020) · cites this paper as [38]
Studies indicate that knowledge is not necessarily automatically translated into behavior.
“despite studies indicating that this is not necessarily true [37,38].”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Food Safety and Hygiene Training on Food Handlers (2020) · cites this paper as [38]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Foodborne viruses: an emerging problem
Koopmans, M., & Duizer, E. (2003) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/s0168-1605(03)00169-7 · Cited by 742 · see citing works
Food handlers’ hygiene knowledge in small food businesses
Walker, E., Pritchard, C., & Forsythe, S. J. (2003) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/s0956-7135(02)00101-9 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Food Handlers and Foodborne Diseases: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Reported Behavior in Italy
Angelillo, I. F., Viggiani, N. M. A., Rizzo, L., & Bianco, A. (2000) · Journal of Food Protection · doi:10.4315/0362-028x-63.3.381 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Food handler certification by home study: measuring changes in knowledge and behavior
Howes, M., McEwen, S., Griffiths, M. D., & Harris, L. N. (1996) · Dairy, food and environmental sanitation · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Impact of Changing Consumer Lifestyles on the Emergence/Reemergence of Foodborne Pathogens
Collins, J. E. (1997) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid0304.970409 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Evaluation of a food hygiene training course in Scotland
Ehiri, J. E., Morris, G. P., & McEwen, J. (1997) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/s0956-7135(97)00005-4 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Knowledge, attitudes and self-reported practices of food service staff regarding food hygiene in Edirne, Turkey
Tokuç, B., Ekuklu, G., Berberoğlu, U., Bilge, E., & Dedeler, H. (2008) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2008.08.013 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Factors that Contribute to Outbreaks of Foodborne Disease
Bryan, F. L. (1978) · Journal of Food Protection · doi:10.4315/0362-028x-41.10.816 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Designing an International Policy and Legal Framework for the Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases: First Steps
Plotkin, B. J., & Kimball, A. M. (1997) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid0301.970101 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
School food service research review
(1994) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/0002-8223(94)92581-x · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Journal of The Korean Society of Food Culture
(2017) · Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture · doi:10.7318/kjfc · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Dietary supplement use by South Korean adults: Data from the national complementary and alternative medicine use survey (NCAMUS) in 2006
Ock, S.-M., Hwang, S.-S., Lee, J.-S., Song, C.-H., & Ock, C.-M. (2010) · Nutrition Research and Practice · doi:10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.69 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Effectiveness of HACCP-based Training on the Food Safety Knowledge and Behavior of Hospital Foodservice Employees
Chang, H. J., Lee, J. S., & Kwak, T. K. (2003) · Nutritional Sciences · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citation
Developing a practical audit tool for assessing employee food-handling practices
Giampaoli, J., Cluskey, M., & Sneed, J. (2002) · The Journal of Child Nutrition & Management · Cited by 16 · see citing works
A Comparative Study on Sanitary practices and Perception of Employees in Elementary School, Hospital and Industry Food Service in the Inchon Area
Lee, Y. J. (2003) · Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Current Status of Sanitation Management Performance in Korean-Food Restaurants and Development of the Sanitary Training Posters Based on their Risk Factors
Kim, S. J., Yi, N.-Y., Chang, H., & Kwak, T. (2008) · Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citation
Analysis of Critical Control Points through Field Assessment of Sanitation Management Practices in Foodservice Establishments
Kwak, T., Lee, K., Chang, H., Yong-Jae, K., WanSoo, H., & Hye-Kyung, M. (2005) · 한국식품조리과학회지 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citation
Importance perception on the sanitation and cleanliness of family restaurant employees
Ko, H. S., Sun-Kyung, K., Kim, D., & Kim, B.-J. (2005) · 한국식품조리과학회지 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Evaluation of the Food Sanitation Training Program in Child- Care Centers
Kwak, T., Cho, Y.-S., & Lee, H.-S. (1994) · Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citation

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 20 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 7

[5]Yoon JY Moon HK Job satisfaction and business attitude of restaurant owners - focused mainly in the Gyeongnam area - Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2003 8 610 620
[10]Kim ST Park JY Kam S Han CH Knowledge and attitude toward restaurant-related sanitation of new restaurateurs Journal of Korean Society for Health Education and promotion 1998 15 79 95
[15]Noh JM Field assessment of microbiological quality of restaurant operations and development of a sanitation training manual (master's thesis) 2006 Seoul Yonsei University
[16]Kim SJ Assessment of sanitation management and development of self-managed sanitation module for Korean food restaurants (master's thesis) 2005 Seoul Yonsei University
[17]Choi JH An education and training cases study for the implementation of HACCP system for school foodservice operations (master's thesis) 2000 Seoul Yonsei University
[19]Eo GH Ryu K Park SJ Kwak TK Need assessments of HACCP-based sanitation training program in elementary school foodservice operations based on sanitation knowledge test of Employees Journal of the Korean Diet Association 2001 7 56 64
[24]Rivas KD Canter DD Effectiveness of talent for training school foodservice employee School Foodservice Research Review 1982 6 113

Sorted by citations

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of food handlers in food safety: An integrative review
Zanin, L. M., da Cunha, D. T., de Rosso, V. V., Capriles, V. D., & Stedefeldt, E. (2017) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2017.07.042 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of food handlers on food safety in food service operations at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Sani, N. A., & Siow, O. N. (2013) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.09.036 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
The role of theoretical food safety training on Brazilian food handlers' knowledge, attitude and practice
da Cunha, D. T., Stedefeldt, E., & de Rosso, V. V. (2014) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.03.012 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Cross-sectional study on food safety knowledge, attitude and practices of male food handlers employed in restaurants of King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Al‐Shabib, N. A., Mosilhey, S. H., & Husain, F. M. (2015) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.05.002 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
The effects of Internet addiction on the lifestyle and dietary behavior of Korean adolescents
Kim, Y., Park, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Jung, I.-K., Lim, Y. S., & Kim, J.-H. (2010) · Nutrition Research and Practice · doi:10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.51 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Evaluation of food safety knowledge, attitudes and self-reported hand washing practices in FOODSAFE trained and untrained food handlers in British Columbia, Canada
McIntyre, L., Vallaster, L., Wilcott, L., Henderson, S. B., & Kosatsky, T. (2013) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.06.034 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Food Safety and Hygiene Training on Food Handlers
Insfran-Rivarola, A., Tlapa, D., Limon-Romero, J., Baez-Lopez, Y., Miranda-Ackerman, M., Arredondo-Soto, K., & Ontiveros, S. (2020) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods9091169 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
“Previous studies reported similar improvements, either self-reported or observed practices, but with a slightly smaller effect for the self-reported practices [38,97]; this consistent agreement between self-reported and observed behaviors was reported previously [23].”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Food safety knowledge and practices of food handlers, head chefs and managers in hotels' restaurants of Salvador, Brazil
Rebouças, L. T., Santiago, L. B., Martins, L. S., Menezes, A. C. R., Araújo, M. D. P. N., & Almeida, R. C. D. C. (2016) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.08.026 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Food safety knowledge, optimistic bias and risk perception among food handlers in institutional food services
Rossi, M. D. S. C., Stedefeldt, E., da Cunha, D. T., & de Rosso, V. V. (2017) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.09.016 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Meta-analysis of food safety training on hand hygiene knowledge and attitudes among food handlers
SOON, J. M., BAINES, R., & SEAMAN, P. (2012) · Journal of Food Protection · doi:10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-502 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Food hygiene and safety measures among food handlers in street food shops and food establishments of Dessie town, Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study
Adane, M., Teka, B., Gismu, Y., Halefom, G., & Ademe, M. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0196919 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Food Hygiene among Food Vendors in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
Iwu, A. C., Uwakwe, K., Duru, C. B., Diwe, K. C., Chineke, H. N., Merenu, I. A., Oluoha, U. R., Madubueze, U. C., Ndukwu, E. U., & Ohale, I. (2017) · Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.4236/odem.2017.51002 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
The existence of optimistic bias about foodborne disease by food handlers and its association with training participation and food safety performance
da Cunha, D. T., Braga, A. R. C., Passos, E. D. C., Stedefeldt, E., & de Rosso, V. V. (2015) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2015.05.035 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Food safety training and evaluation of handwashing intention among fresh produce farm workers
Soon, J. M., & Baines, R. N. (2012) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.08.012 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Evaluating levels of knowledge on food safety among food handlers from restaurants and various catering businesses in Vienna, Austria 2011/2012
Pichler, J., Ziegler, J., Aldrian, U., & Allerberger, F. J. (2013) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.06.034 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Prevalence of overweight and obesity, and dieting attitudes among Caucasian and African American college students in Eastern North carolina: A cross-sectional survey
Sira, N., & Pawlak, R. (2010) · Nutrition Research and Practice · doi:10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.36 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Food safety in restaurants: The consumer perspective
Bai, L., Wang, M., Yang, Y., & Gong, S. (2018) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.06.023 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices of food handlers: A cross-sectional study in school kitchens in Espírito Santo, Brazil
da Vitória, A. G., Oliveira, J. D. S. C., Pereira, L. C. D. A., de Faria, C. P., & José, J. F. B. D. S. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-021-10282-1 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Food Safety Knowledge and Personal Hygiene Practices amongst Mobile Food Handlers in Shah Alam, Selangor
Ismail, F. H., Chik, C. T., Muhammad, R., & Yusoff, N. M. (2016) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.162 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Effect of food safety training on food handlers’ knowledge and practices
Husain, N. R. N., Muda, W. A. M. W., Jamil, N. I. N., Hanafi, N. N. N., & Rahman, R. A. (2016) · British Food Journal · doi:10.1108/bfj-08-2015-0294 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Food Safety knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Meat Handler in Abattoir and Retail Meat Shops of Jigjiga Town, Ethiopia
Tegegne, H. A. (2017) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2017.58.4.737 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Understanding Risk Perception toward Food Safety in Street Food: The Relationships among Service Quality, Values, and Repurchase Intention
Seo, K. H., & Lee, J. H. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18136826 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Effectiveness of Food Handler Training and Education Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Young, I., Greig, J., Wilhelm, B. J., & Waddell, L. A. (2019) · Journal of Food Protection · doi:10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-108 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Efficacy of food safety training in commercial food service
McFarland, P., Checinska Sielaff, A., Rasco, B., & Smith, S. (2019) · Journal of Food Science · doi:10.1111/1750-3841.14628 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Improvement of food safety in school meal service during a long-term intervention period: a strategy based on the knowledge, attitude and practice triad
da Cunha, D. T., Fiorotti, R. M., Baldasso, J. G., de Sousa, M., Fontanezi, N. M., Caivano, S., Stedefeldt, E., de Rosso, V. V., & Camargo, M. C. R. (2013) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.06.003 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Street food vendors’ hygienic practices in some Asian and EU countries – A survey
Trafiałek, J., Drosinos, E. H., Laskowski, W., Jakubowska-Gawlik, K., Tzamalis, P., Leksawasdi, N., Surawang, S., & Kolanowski, W. (2017) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.09.030 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Social Network Analysis of Sustainable Human Resource Management from the Employee Training’s Perspective
Zhang, L., Guo, X., Lei, Z., & Lim, M. K. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11020380 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Effect of food safety training on behavior change of food handlers: A case of orange-fleshed sweetpotato purée processing in Kenya
Malavi, D. N., Abong, G. O., & Muzhingi, T. (2020) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107500 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Restaurant business operators' knowledge of food hygiene and their attitudes toward official food control affect the hygiene in their restaurants
Läikkö‐Roto, T., & Nevas, M. (2014) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.02.043 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Evaluation of street food vendors’ hygienic practices using fast observation questionnaire
Trafiałek, J., Drosinos, E. H., & Kolanowski, W. (2017) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.05.022 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Factors Associated with Food Hygiene Practices Among Street Food Vendors in Padawan, Sarawak
Jores, D., Arif, M., & Rahman, M. M. (2018) · Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology · doi:10.33736/bjrst.824.2018 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Food hygiene practices and determinants among food handlers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Zenbaba, D., Sahiledengle, B., Nugusu, F., Beressa, G., Desta, F., Atlaw, D., & Chattu, V. K. (2022) · Tropical Medicine and Health · doi:10.1186/s41182-022-00423-6 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
“Studies conducted in Bangladesh [66], Saudi Arabia [67], Korea [68], and Brazil [62] support that food handlers who had received training were more likely to follow good food hygiene practices.”
Background
Comparison of methods for proanthocyanidin extraction from pine (Pinus densiflora) needles and biological activities of the extracts
Kim, N.-Y., Jang, M.-K., Lee, D., Yu, K. H., Jang, H., Kim, M., Kim, S. G., Yoo, B. H., & Lee, S. (2010) · Nutrition Research and Practice · doi:10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.16 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Dietary supplement use by South Korean adults: Data from the national complementary and alternative medicine use survey (NCAMUS) in 2006
Ock, S.-M., Hwang, S.-S., Lee, J.-S., Song, C.-H., & Ock, C.-M. (2010) · Nutrition Research and Practice · doi:10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.69 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Hygiene and good practices in school meal services: Organic matter on surfaces, microorganisms and health risks
de Oliveira, A. B. A., da Cunha, D. T., Stedefeldt, E., Capalonga, R., Tondo, E. C., & Cardoso, M. R. I. (2013) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.11.036 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Quantitative study of food safety climate in Belgian food processing companies in view of their organizational characteristics
Boeck, E. D., Jacxsens, L., Mortier, A. V., & Vlerick, P. (2018) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.12.037 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Socio-demographic factors and availability of piped fountains affect food hygiene practice of food handlers in Bahir Dar Town, northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Derso, T., Tariku, A., Yehualashet, F. A., ALEMNEW, M., Biks, G. A., & Nega, A. (2017) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-017-2965-2 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Preventing and Controlling Foodborne Disease in Commercial and Institutional Food Service Settings: A Systematic Review of Published Intervention Studies
Viator, C., Blitstein, J., Brophy, J. E., & Fraser, A. (2015) · Journal of Food Protection · doi:10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-266 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Assessment of native languages for food safety training programs for meat industry employees
Olsen, S. (2012) · doi:10.31274/etd-180810-1610 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Impact of food safety training on the knowledge, practice, and attitudes of food handlers working in fast-food restaurants
Elobeid, T., Savvaidis, I. N., & Ganji, V. (2019) · British Food Journal · doi:10.1108/bfj-01-2019-0066 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Food handling practices and associated factors among food handlers working in public food and drink service establishments in Woldia town, Northeast Ethiopia
Reta, M. A., Lemma, M. T., Adere, A., & Lemlem, G. A. (2021) · Pan African Medical Journal · doi:10.11604/pamj.2021.40.128.19757 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Hereditary Multiple Exostoses: Clinicopathologic Features of a Comparative Study in Horses and Man
Shupe, J. L., Leone, N. C., Olson, A. E., & Gardner, E. J. (1979) · American Journal of Veterinary Research · doi:10.2460/ajvr.1979.40.06.751 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Aspectos higiênico-sanitários no processo produtivo dos alimentos em escolas públicas do Estado de Goiás, Brasil
Gomes, N., Campos, M. R. H., & Mônego, E. T. (2012) · Revista de Nutrição · doi:10.1590/s1415-52732012000400005 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Untitled work
(2011) · University of the Western Cape Electronic Theses and Dissertations Repository (University of the Western Cape) · Cited by 30 · see citing works
A review of human factors and food safety in Ireland
Walsh, C. T., & Leva, M. C. (2018) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2018.07.022 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Food safety knowledge and training participation are associated with lower stress and anxiety levels of Brazilian food handlers
da Cunha, D. T., Cipullo, M. A. T., Stedefeldt, E., & de Rosso, V. V. (2014) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.10.012 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices on Food Safety among Food Handlers Working in Public Food Service Establishments in Lemi Kura Subcity, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Fekadu, Y., Kinde, M. Z., Dagnaw, G. G., Dessalegn, B., Dejene, H., & Gessese, A. T. (2024) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2024/2675894 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES (KAP) ON GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES (GMP) AMONG FOOD HANDLERS IN TERENGGANU HOSPITALS
Ridzwan, N., Hadi, N. A., & Rohin, M. A. K. (2016) · International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i11.13000 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
A roadmap for developing educational actions using food safety culture assessment – A case of an institutional food service
Zanin, L. M., Luning, P. A., & Stedefeldt, E. (2022) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111064 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Effects of poly-γ-glutamic acid on serum and brain concentrations of glutamate and GABA in diet-induced obese rats
Lee, H., Chang, M., & Kim, S.-H. (2010) · Nutrition Research and Practice · doi:10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.23 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
The Relationship Among Food Safety Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Young Turkish Women
Şanlıer, N., & Başer, F. (2019) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.2019.1639084 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
A systematic characterization of food safety training interventions using the analyze, design, develop, implement, evaluate (ADDIE) instructional design framework
Cotter, S., Yamamoto, J., & Stevenson, C. D. (2022) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109415 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Training: A vital tool for improving the knowledge and practice of food safety and hygiene among food handlers in boarding secondary schools in Plateau State
Afolaranmi, T., Hassan, Z., Bello, D., Tagurum, Y. O., Miner, C. A., Zoakah, A., & Ogbonna, C. (2014) · Journal of Medicine in the Tropics · doi:10.4103/2276-7096.139061 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Effectiveness of Training Among Food Handlers: A Review on the Mauritian Framework
Gaungoo, Y., & Jeewon, R. (2013) · Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal · doi:10.12944/crnfsj.1.1.01 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Antibiogram of Nontyphoidal Salmonella from Beef in Ambo and Holeta Towns, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Gebremedhin, E. Z., Soboka, G. T., Borana, B. M., Marami, L. M., Sarba, E. J., Tadese, N. D., & Ambecha, H. A. (2021) · International Journal of Microbiology · doi:10.1155/2021/6626373 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Effect of ethanol extracts from red pepper seeds on antioxidative defense system and oxidative stress in rats fed high-fat · high-cholesterol diet
Song, W.-Y., Ku, K., & Choi, J.-H. (2010) · Nutrition Research and Practice · doi:10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.11 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Structural modelling of food allergen knowledge, attitude and practices among consumers in Malaysia
Soon, J. M. (2018) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2018.06.001 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Evaluating Food Hygiene Awareness and Practices of Food Handlers in the Kumasi Metropolis
Ababio, P. F., & Adi, D. D. (2012) · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Energy intake and snack choice by the meal patterns of employed people
Kim, S.-Y., & Kim, S. M. (2010) · Nutrition Research and Practice · doi:10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.43 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The Role of Training Strategies in Food Safety Performance
Stedefeldt, E., Zanin, L. M., da Cunha, D. T., de Rosso, V. V., Capriles, V. D., & Saccol, A. L. D. F. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800245-2.00018-6 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Use of the letter-based grading information disclosure system and its influence on dining establishment choice in Singapore: A cross-sectional study
Aik, J., Newall, A. T., Ng, L.-C., Kirk, M., & Heywood, A. E. (2018) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.02.038 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Development of conscious food handling in Hungarian school cafeterias
Tóth, A. J., Koller, Z., Illés, C. B., & Bittsánszky, A. (2016) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.09.011 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Analysis of food safety compliance in Warsaw nurseries
Trafiałek, J., Domańska, A., & Kolanowski, W. (2018) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.09.039 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Food Safety in Feeding Services: A Requirement in Brazil
Saccol, A. L. D. F., Serafim, A. L., Hecktheuer, L. H. R., Medeiros, L. B., & da Silva, E. A. (2013) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2012.691917 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Hidden restaurant sanitation inspection results: A weekday and monthly examination of reported data
Ridderstaat, J. R., & Okumuş, B. (2019) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.12.012 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Desalinated underground seawater of Jeju Island (Korea) improves lipid metabolism in mice fed diets containing high fat and increases antioxidant potential in t-BHP treated HepG2 cells
Noh, J., Gang, G., Kim, Y., Yang, K., Lee, C., Na, O.-S., Kim, G.-J., Oh, W. K., & Lee, Y. (2010) · Nutrition Research and Practice · doi:10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.3 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Food safety knowledge, attitude and practices of orange fleshed sweetpotato puree handlers in Kenya
Malavi, D. N., Abong, G. O., & Muzhingi, T. (2017) · CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research) · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Intervention strategies for the reduction of microbiological contamination on the hands of food handlers
de Jesus, N. L., Serafim, A. L., Medeiros, L. B., Peixoto, C. D. S., & Stangarlin‐Fiori, L. (2016) · Food Science and Technology · doi:10.1590/1678-457x.09116 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Street Pork Vendors’ Hygiene and Safety Practices and Their Determinants in the Cape Metropole District, South Africa
Magqupu, S., Katiyatiya, C. L. F., Chikwanha, O. C., Strydom, P. E., & Mapiye, C. (2023) · Journal of Food Protection · doi:10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100197 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Food safety knowledge, attitude and practices of meat handlers in Khulna City, Bangladesh
Biswas, G., Islam, M. S., Rahman, S. M. M., & Islam, M. M. (2024) · Theory and practice of meat processing · doi:10.21323/2414-438x-2024-9-1-24-31 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Food safety knowledge, attitudes, and practices among food handlers in foodservice establishments in the Arab countries of the Middle East
Faour‐Klingbeil, D. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-822417-5.00002-7 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Role of courtyard counselling meeting in improving household food safety knowledge and practices in Munshiganj district of Bangladesh.
Riaz, B. K., Alim, M. A., Islam, A. S., Amin, K. B., Sarker, M. A. B., Hasan, K., Ashad-Uz-Zaman, M. N., Selim, S., Quaiyum, S., Haque, E., et al. (2016) · PubMed Central · doi:10.18999/nagjms.78.4.387 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Assessment of vegetable postharvest losses among smallholder farmers in Umbumbulu area of KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa.
Garikai, M. (2014) · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Assessing knowledge and skills retention of junior high school students on food safety lessons using modified Kirkpatrick's model
Limon, M. R. (2022) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108814 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Food handling practice and associated factors among food handlers in public food establishments of Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Tadele, M. M., Dagnaw, A., & Alamirew, D. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051310 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
WHAT DO THEY KNOW ABOUT FOOD SAFETY? A QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY ON FOOD SAFETY KNOWLEDGE OF KITCHEN EMPLOYEES IN ISTANBUL
Ulusoy, B. H., & Çolakoğlu, N. (2018) · Food and Health · doi:10.3153/fh18028 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Qualitative Assessment of Key Beliefs in Regards to Consumers’ Food Truck Visits
Shin, Y. H., Im, J., & Severt, K. (2019) · Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism · doi:10.1080/1528008x.2019.1627271 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
The Effect of Food Safety Education on Handwashing Practices in School Canteens’ Food Handlers
Husain, N. R. N., Wm, W. M., Nj, N. I., Hanafi, N. N. N., & Rahman, R. A. (2018) · Sains Malaysiana · doi:10.17576/jsm-2018-4709-21 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Good hygiene practices in hospital nutrition services: the view of internal and external auditors
Stangarlin‐Fiori, L., Medeiros, L. B., Serafim, A. L., Bertin, R. L., Medeiros, C. O., & Hecktheuer, L. H. R. (2016) · Food Science and Technology · doi:10.1590/1678-457x.00315 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Compare the Effects of two Educational Methods on the Health Principles Knowledge of Employees in Food Preparation
B. (2012) · American Journal of Applied Sciences · doi:10.3844/ajassp.2012.1678.1683 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Interventions in food business organisations to improve food safety culture: a rapid evidence assessment
McCallion, S., Beacom, E., Dean, M., Gillies, M., Gordon, L., McCabe, A., McMahon-Beattie, U., Hollywood, L., & Price, R. (2025) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2024.2403004 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
The use of health risk scores and classification in food service
da Cunha, D. T., Stedefeldt, E., & de Rosso, V. V. (2014) · British Food Journal · doi:10.1108/bfj-08-2012-0209 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Conformity of food service units with legislation
de Araújo, T. G., Botelho, R. B. A., Akutsu, R. D. C. C. D. A., & Araújo, W. M. C. (2015) · Journal of Culinary Science & Technology · doi:10.1080/15428052.2015.1080643 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Factors associated with safe food handling practices in the food service sector
Ncube, F., Kanda, A., Mpofu, M. W., & Nyamugure, T. (2019) · Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering · doi:10.1007/s40201-019-00424-4 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Food Safety Knowledge among Food Handlers in Hospitals of Jordan
Arrah, A. A., Bhatti, F., & Al‐Akash, H. Y. (2021) · Food Science and Technology · doi:10.13189/fst.2021.090201 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Efficacy Evaluation of Control Measures on the Reduction of Staphylococcus aureus in Salad and Bacillus cereus in Fried Rice Served at Restaurants
Kim, H. S., Choi, S. J., & Yoon, K. S. (2017) · Foodborne Pathogens and Disease · doi:10.1089/fpd.2017.2334 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Food Safety Training: A Study of Food Handlers Working in Hotels in the North of Jordan
Habiballah, M. A., Al-Shakhsheer, F. J., Al-Sabi, S. M., & Masadeh, M. A. (2018) · European Scientific Journal ESJ · doi:10.19044/esj.2018.v14n26p127 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Safety Training
Burke, M. J., & Sockbeson, C. S. (2015) · doi:10.1002/9781118979013.ch15 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Food hygiene knowledge, attitude and practices among hospital food handlers in Elmanagil City, Sudan
Omar, B. A., Shadia, S. M., Anas, S. D., & Elawad, M. A. (2020) · African Journal of Microbiology Research · doi:10.5897/ajmr2020.9323 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Effect of food hygiene training on food handlers' knowledge in Sokoto Metropolis: a quasi-experimental study.
Raji, I. A., Oche, O. M., Kaoje, A. U., Awosan, K. J., Raji, M. O., Gana, G. J., Ango, J. T., & Abubakar, A. U. (2021) · PubMed Central · doi:10.11604/pamj.2021.40.146.27183 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices among restaurants’ food handlers in North Lebanon: Evaluation of the food safety training
Halabi, J., Hijazi, H., Omari, K. E., Kassaa, I. A., & Zaylaa, M. (2023) · Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences · doi:10.4314/jfas.1229 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Are food delivery workers a food safety risk? An evaluation using the Integrated Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices model
Byrd, K., & Wang, L. (2025) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2025.104305 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Cross-Sectional Investigation of the Awareness and Practices of Food Safety among Food Service Catering Staff in Riyadh City Hospitals during the Coronavirus Pandemic
Alsultan, S. B., Allowaymi, S. S., Alshammari, G. M., Alrasheed, A., Hassan, A. B., Alzobaa, A. A., Alqahtani, A. B., & Yahya, M. A. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11081134 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Factors Associated with Foodborne Pathogens among Food Handlers: A Case Study of Thika, Kiambu County, Kenya
Kimemia, J. M., Kariuki, J., Odongo, A. O., & Murima, P. N. (2023) · Advances in Public Health · doi:10.1155/2023/9918421 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The Efficacy of Food Handler Training: The Transtheoretical Model in Focus, Brazil, 2013
Garcia, P. P. C., Akutsu, R. D. C. C. D. A., Sávio, K. E. O., Camargo, É. B., & da Silva, I. C. R. (2015) · Journal of Safety Studies · doi:10.5296/jss.v1i2.8618 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The Hygiene Continuum in Seafood Processing: Integrating Design, Sanitation, and Workforce Safety for Sustainable Food Systems
Evrendilek, G. A. (2026) · Hygiene · doi:10.3390/hygiene6010006 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Reducing Edible Food Waste in the UK Food Manufacturing Supply Chain Through Collaboration
Cao, G., Shah, P., & Ramanathan, U. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-48876-5_10 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Health Affairs in Universities’ Cafeterias: A Case Study of Minia University
Rady, A., & Atia, M. A. (2019) · International Journal of Heritage, Tourism, and Hospitality · doi:10.21608/ijhth.2019.132248 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Establishing a behavioral model for achieving good food safety behaviors by foodservice employees in Taiwan
Ko, W., & Ni, S.-H. (2019) · Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety · doi:10.1007/s00003-019-01240-6 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The antioxidant and chemopreventive potentialities of Mosidae (Adenophora remotiflora) leaves
Kim, A., Han, M.-R., Kim, M., Lee, M., Yoon, T. J., & Ha, S. (2010) · Nutrition Research and Practice · doi:10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.30 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.58 Evaluation of the food safety training for food handlers in restaurant operations
Park, S.-H., Kwak, T., & Chang, H.-J. (2016)
Self-citation
Food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices among restaurants’ food handlers in North Lebanon: Evaluation of the food safety training
Halabi, J., Hijazi, H., Omari, K. E., Kassaa, I. A., & Zaylaa, M. (2023) · Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences · doi:10.4314/jfas.1229 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Food safety training and foodservice employees' knowledge and behavior.
Roberts, K. R., Barrett, B. B., Howells, A. D., Shanklin, C. W., Pilling, V. K., & Brannon, L. A. (2008) · K-State Research Exchange (Kansas State University) · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Food safety training is associated with improved knowledge and Behaviours among foodservice establishments’ workers
Adesokan, H. K., Akinseye, V. O., & Adesokan, G. A. (2015) · International Journal of Food Science · doi:10.1155/2015/328761 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
On-job training program for food handlers about food safety standards
Ibrahim, S. M. H., Ahmed, M. A. E.-S., & Hassan, G. S. (2026) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-026-26228-4

Authors: Park, S.-H., Kwak, T.-K., & Chang, H.-J.
Affiliations: Imported Food Analysis Division Center for Food and Drug Analysis, Gyeongin Regional Food and Drug Administration, Incheon 402-825, Korea.
Yonsei University (KR)
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Dankook University, Jukjeon-dong, Suji-gu, Youngin 448-701, Korea.
ORCID: Park, Sung-Hee
Kwak, Tong-Kyung
Venue: Nutrition Research and Practice
Publisher: The Korean Nutrition Society and The Korean Society of Community Nutrition
Published: 2010
Volume: 4
Issue: 1
Pages: 58
ISSN: 1976-1457 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.58
PMC: PMC2830416
OpenAlex: W2066466043
Cited by: 168
References: 20
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 13.25
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Nutrition Research and Practice (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Safety and Hygiene
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation
Keywords: food safety training, food handlers, restaurant employees, food safety knowledge, food safety practices, sanitation, performance evaluation (human resources), food service establishments

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Evaluation of the food safety training for food handlers in restaurant operations

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks