New therapeutic approaches for type 1 diabetes: Disease-modifying therapies
Open accessAbstract
It has been 100 years since the first successful clinical use of insulin, yet it remains the only treatment option for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. Advances in diabetes care, such as insulin analogue therapies and new devices, including continuous glucose monitoring with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion have improved the quality of life of patients but have no impact on the pathogenesis of the disease. They do not eliminate long-term complications and require several lifestyle sacrifices. A more ideal future therapy for T1DM, instead of supplementing the insufficient hormone production (a consequence of β-cell destruction), would also aim to stop or slow down the destructive autoimmune process. The discovery of the autoimmune nature of type 1 diabetes mellitus has presented several targets by which disease progression may be altered. The goal of disease-modifying therapies is to target autoimmune mechanisms and prevent β-cell destruction. T1DM patients with better β-cell function have better glycemic control, reduced incidence of long-term complications and hypoglycemic episodes. Unfortunately, at the time symptomatic T1DM is diagnosed, most of the insulin secreting β cells are usually lost. Therefore, to maximize the salvageable β-cell mass by disease-modifying therapies, detecting autoimmune markers in an early, optimally presymptomatic phase of T1DM is of great importance. Disease-modifying therapies, such as immuno- and regenerative therapies are expected to take a relevant place in diabetology. The aim of this article was to provide a brief insight into the pathogenesis and course of T1DM and present the current state of disease-modifying therapeutic interventions that may impact future diabetes treatment.
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Teplizumab therapy is a powerful means of delaying the decrease in C-peptide production and can support the maintenance of β-cell function.
“According to a number of human clinical trials, teplizumab therapy is a powerful means of delaying the decrease in C-peptide production and can support the maintenance of β-cell function (126, 127).”
From A critical review on diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 management approaches: from lifestyle modification to current and novel targets and therapeutic agents. (2024) · cites this paper as [127]
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B cell-directed therapies in type 1 diabetes
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Disease-Modifying Therapies in Type 1 Diabetes: A Look into the Future of Diabetes Practice
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Human CD3 Transgenic Mice: Preclinical Testing of Antibodies Promoting Immune Tolerance
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Mesenchymal stem cells moderate immune response of type 1 diabetes
Xv, J., Ming, Q., Wang, X., Zhang, W., Li, Z., Wang, S., Li, Y., & Li, L. (2016) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/s00441-016-2499-2 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
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Dantas, J. R., Araújo, D. B., Silva, K. R., Souto, D. L., Pereira, M. D. F. C., Luiz, R. R., Mantuano, M., Cláudio-da-Silva, C. S., Gabbay, M. A. L., Dib, S. A., et al. (2021) · Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.20945/2359-3997000000368 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Demeester, S., Keymeulen, B., Kaufman, L., Dalem, A. V., Balti, E. V., de Velde, U. V., Goubert, P., Verhaeghen, K., Davidson, H. W., Wenzlau, J. M., et al. (2015) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc14-1575 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
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Reactivation of latent viruses in individuals receiving rituximab for new onset type 1 diabetes
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Understanding Autoimmune Diabetes through the Prism of the Tri-Molecular Complex
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Cellular Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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Tegegne, B. A., Adugna, A., Yenet, A., Yihunie Belay, W., Yibeltal, Y., Dagne, A., Hibstu Teffera, Z., Amare, G. A., Abebaw, D., Tewabe, H., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1440456 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“According to a number of human clinical trials, teplizumab therapy is a powerful means of delaying the decrease in C-peptide production and can support the maintenance of b -cell function (126, 127).”
BackgroundRomero-Carmona, C. E., Chávez-Corona, J. I., Lima, E. J., Cortés, H., Quintanar‐Guerrero, D., Bernad‐Bernad, M. J., Ramos-Martínez, I. E., Peña‐Corona, S. I., Sharifi‐Rad, J., & Leyva‐Gómez, G. (2024) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-024-03045-8 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Allo Beta Cell transplantation: specific features, unanswered questions, and immunological challenge
Caldara, R., Tomajer, V., Monti, P., Sordi, V., Citro, A., Chimienti, R., Gremizzi, C., Catarinella, D., Tentori, S., Paloschi, V., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1323439 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Advanced Delivery Strategies for Immunotherapy in Type I Diabetes Mellitus
Huang, M., Chen, W., Wang, M., Huang, Y., Liu, H., Ming, Y., Chen, Y., Tang, Z., & Jia, B. (2023) · BioDrugs · doi:10.1007/s40259-023-00594-6 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Batir, D. M., Ștefan, C. S., Boev, M., Gurău, G., Popa, G. V., Matei, M. N., Ursu, M., Nechita, A., & Maftei, N.-M. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14072144 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
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Current perspectives and the future of disease-modifying therapies in type 1 diabetes
Mondal, S., & Pappachan, J. M. (2024) · World Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.4239/wjd.v16.i1.99496 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes in Children: A Worthy Challenge?
Ingrosso, D. M. F., Quarta, M. T., Quarta, A., & Chiarelli, F. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20115962 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Ma, X., Ge, D., & Hu, X. (2024) · World Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.4239/wjd.v15.i7.1615 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Teplizumab – preventative approaches to type 1 diabetes mellitus
Seewoodhary, J., & Silveira, A. (2023) · Practical Diabetes · doi:10.1002/pdi.2448 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Abas, A. M., Esawy, M. M., Kamel, F., & Ali, M. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-82214-z · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Mouse Hair Follicles Inhibit the Development of Type 1 Diabetes
Mićanović, D., Stanisavljević, S., Li, H., Koprivica, I., Jonić, N., Stojanović, I., Savković, V., & Saksida, T. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25115974 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Teplizumab: Not all that glitters is gold
Scaramuzza, A. E., Bonfanti, R., & Rabbone, I. (2025) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.16451 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A remissziós fázis összehasonlítása gyermek- és felnőttkorban kezdődő 1-es típusú diabéteszben
Tóth, A., Schandl, L., Kis, J. T., & Winkler, G. (2023) · Diabetologia Hungarica · doi:10.24121/dh.2023.17 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mul, D., Varkevisser, R. D. M., Aanstoot, H., Dekker, P., Birnie, E., Boersma, H. E., Boesten, L. S. M., Brugts, M. P., van Dijk, P. R., Geelhoed-Duijvestijn, P. H. L. M., et al. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.08.17.23294197
Prevention of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents
Bykov, Y. V. (2024) · Russian Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.17116/profmed202427011115
Müller‐Wieland, D., Miszon, M., Dunstheimer, D., Forst, T. M., Kapellen, T. M., Schnell, O., & Kellerer, M. (2024) · Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel · doi:10.1055/a-2377-7108
Nayak, D., & Sharma, S. (2025) · Premier journal of science. · doi:10.70389/pjs.2025.100085
Nayak, D., & Sharma, S. (2025) · Premier journal of science. · doi:10.70389/pjs.100085
Perceptions of the Benefits and Risks of Novel Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes: A Qualitative Study
Karpen, S. R., Mellor, R., DiMeglio, L. A., Senior, P. A., Sherr, J. L., Bussberg, C., Mansfield, C. A., Marinac, M., & Myers, K. (2025) · Diabetes Therapy · doi:10.1007/s13300-025-01783-y
A systematic review of clinical trials in mesenchymal stem cell therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus
Dayer, D., Ahadi, S., & Khaksar, M. A. (2026) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40200-026-01920-9
Downar-Zapolska, M., Mikłaszewicz, A., Skuza, A. I., Torbacka, E., Sergiel, K. H., Sagan, D., Fidorowicz, D., Góral, M., Siedlecki, R., & Bednarczuk, K. (2026) · International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science · doi:10.31435/ijitss.2(50).2026.5503
From genes to environment: A life-course approach to prevent pediatric autoimmune diseases
Al‐Beltagi, M., Saeed, N. K., Bediwy, A. S., Bediwy, E. A., & Elbeltagi, R. M. (2026) · World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics · doi:10.5409/wjcp.117421
- Authors
- Nagy, G., Szekely, T. E., Somogyi, A., Herold, M., & Herold, Z.
- Affiliations
- Semmelweis University (HU)
- ORCID
- Herold, Magdolna
- Venue
- World Journal of Diabetes
- Publisher
- Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
- Published
- 2022-10-15
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 835-850
- ISSN
- 1948-9358 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9606789
- OpenAlex
- W4306155422
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6
- FWCI
- 0.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- World Journal of Diabetes (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Keywords
- type 1 diabetes, disease-modifying therapy, autoimmune disease pathogenesis, beta cell destruction, beta cell regeneration, immunotherapy, regenerative therapy, autoimmune markers, early detection, insulin therapy, continuous glucose monitoring, insulin pump therapy, insulin analogues, glycemic control, late complications
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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