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Cited by 309

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Substituting Walnuts for Monounsaturated Fat Improves the Serum Lipid Profile of Hypercholesterolemic Men and Women: A Randomized Crossover Trial

Zambón, Daniel, Sabaté, Joan, Muñoz, Sonia, Campero, Betina, Casals, Elena, Merlos, Manuel, Laguna, Juan C., Ros, Emilio·2000·Annals of Internal Medicine
DOI 10.7326/0003-4819-132-7-200004040-00005
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that walnuts reduce serum cholesterol levels in normal young men. OBJECTIVE: To assess the acceptability of walnuts and their effects on serum lipid levels and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidizability in free-living hypercholesterolemic persons. DESIGN: Randomized, crossover feeding trial. SETTING: Lipid clinic at a university hospital. PATIENTS: 55 men and women (mean age, 56 years) with polygenic hypercholesterolemia. INTERVENTION: A cholesterol-lowering Mediterranean diet and a diet of similar energy and fat content in which walnuts replaced approximately 35% of the energy obtained from monounsaturated fat. Patients followed each diet for 6 weeks. MEASUREMENTS: Low-density lipoprotein fatty acids (to assess compliance), serum lipid levels, lipoprotein(a) levels, and LDL resistance to in vitro oxidative stress. RESULTS: 49 persons completed the trial. The walnut diet was well tolerated. Planned and observed diets were closely matched. Compared with the Mediterranean diet, the walnut diet produced mean changes of -4.1% in total cholesterol level, -5.9% in LDL cholesterol level, and -6.2% in lipoprotein(a) level. The mean differences in the changes in serum lipid levels were -0.28 mmol/L (95% CI, -0.43 to -0.12 mmol/L) (-10.8 mg/dL [-16.8 to -4.8 mg/dL]) (P<0.001) for total cholesterol level, -0.29 mmol/L (CI, -0.41 to -0.15 mmol/L) (-11.2 mg/dL [-16.3 to -6.1 mg/dL]) (P<0.001) for LDL cholesterol level, and -0.021 g/L (CI, -0.042 to -0.001 g/L) (P = 0.042) for lipoprotein(a) level. Lipid changes were similar in men and women except for lipoprotein(a) levels, which decreased only in men. Low-density lipoprotein particles were enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids from walnuts, but their resistance to oxidation was preserved. CONCLUSION: Substituting walnuts for part of the mono-unsaturated fat in a cholesterol-lowering Mediterranean diet further reduced total and LDL cholesterol levels in men and women with hypercholesterolemia.

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Metadata

Authors
Zambón, D., Sabaté, J., Muñoz, S., Campero, B., Casals, E., Merlos, M., Laguna, J. C., & Ros, E.
Venue
Annals of Internal Medicine
Publisher
American College of Physicians
Published
2000-04-04
Volume
132
Issue
7
Pages
538-546
ISSN
  • 0003-4819 (ISSN-L)
  • 1539-3704
DOI
10.7326/0003-4819-132-7-200004040-00005
OpenAlex
W1972492657
Cited by
309
References
3
FWCI
12.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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