Lymphocytic Infiltrates in the Spinal Cord in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Abstract
Objective Immunohistochemical examination was undertaken to assess the presence of lymphocytes and lymphocyte subsets in the spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Design Twenty-seven consecutive ALS autopsy cases and 11 consecutive disease--control autopsy cases were examined. Tissue sections were reacted with mouse monoclonal antibody to human leukocyte common antigen, or monoclonal antibody to human B-cell L26 antigen, and detected with immunoperoxidase techniques. Unfixed sections were reacted with antihuman Leu-3a and Leu-3b/CD4 or antihuman Leu-2a/CD8 mouse monoclonal antibody and then detected with peroxidase techniques. Setting Tertiary care hospital. Cases Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and non-ALS control autopsy specimens. Main outcome measure Detection of lymphocytes by histological and immunohistochemical reactivity. Results Perivascular and intraparenchymal lymphocytic infiltrates were found in the spinal cord of 18 of 27 consecutive ALS autopsy cases. The lymphocytes possessed only T-cell markers; no B-cell markers could be demonstrated. T-helper cells were found in proximity to degenerating corticospinal tracts, while T-helper and T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells were demonstrated in ventral horns. Lymphocytes were present in the spinal cord of only one control specimen (multiple sclerosis) and in none of the remaining 10 control specimens. In ALS tissue, the lymphocytic infiltrates did not correlate with the rate of progression or stage of the disease…
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Blood-brain barrier and blood-spinal cord barrier are damaged in a subset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients, with plasma-derived IgG accumulation in spinal cord and motor cortex in 40-90% of cases and peripheral blood cell accumulation in 70-100% of cases.
“These findings support earlier observations showing that the BBB and BSCB are damaged in a subset of ALS patients as demonstrated by accumulation of plasma-derived IgG in the spinal cord and motor cortex in 40% (154) to 90% (163) of studied cases, and accumulation of peripheral blood cells in 70% (164) to 100% (599) of studied cases.”
From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [164]
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- Authors
- Engelhardt, J. I., Tajti, J., & Appel, S. H.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Venue
- Archives of Neurology
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1993-01-01
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 30-36
- ISSN
- 0003-9942 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2069781018
- Cited by
- 318
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 5.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- SZTE Publicatio Repozitórium (University of Szeged) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal cord, lymphocyte infiltration, T cells, T helper cells, suppressor/cytotoxic T cells, corticospinal tract degeneration, ventral horn, B cells, CD45, CD4, CD8, neuroinflammation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, B-Lymphocytes, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Spinal Cord, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, CD4 Antigens, CD8 Antigens, Leukocyte Common Antigens, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
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