Vascular effects of cocoa rich in flavan-3-ols

D IETARY F LAVONOIDS : Bioavailability, Metabolic Effects, and Safety

Ross, J. A., & Kasum, C. M. (2002) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.22.111401.144957 · Cited by 2,153 · see citing works

Red Wine Polyphenols Enhance Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression and Subsequent Nitric Oxide Release From Endothelial Cells

Leikert, J. F., Räthel, T. R., Wohlfart, P., Cheynier, V., Vollmar, A. M., & Dirsch, V. M. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000034445.31543.43 · Cited by 424 · see citing works

Concomitant S-, N-, and heme-nitros(yl)ation in biological tissues and fluids: implications for the fate of NO in vivo

Feelisch, M., Rassaf, T., Mnaimneh, S., Singh, N., Bryan, N. S., Jourd'Heuil, D., & Kelm, M. (2002) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.02-0363com · Cited by 401 · see citing works

Effects of inhaled nitric oxide on regional blood flow are consistent with intravascular nitric oxidedelivery

Cannon, R. O., Schechter, A. N., Panza, J. A., Ognibene, F. P., Pease-Fye, M. E., Waclawiw, M. A., Shelhamer, J. H., & Gladwin, M. T. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200112761 · Cited by 298 · see citing works

Effects of inhaled nitric oxide on regional blood flow are consistent with intravascular nitric oxidedelivery

Cannon, R. O., Schechter, A. N., Panza, J. A., Ognibene, F. P., Pease‐Fye, M. E., Waclawiw, M. A., Shelhamer, J. H., & Gladwin, M. T. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci12761 · Cited by 289 · see citing works

Evidence for in vivo transport of bioactive nitric oxide in human plasma

Rassaf, T., Preik, M., Kleinbongard, P., Lauer, T., Heiß, C., Strauer, B. E., Feelisch, M., & Kelm, M. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci14995 · Cited by 224 · see citing works

Chocolate Consumption and Platelet Function

Holt, R. R., Schramm, D. D., Keen, C. L., Lazarus, S. A., & Schmitz, H. H. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.287.17.2212 · Cited by 142 · see citing works

Dietary (poly)phenolics in human health: structures, bioavailability, and evidence of protective effects against chronic diseases

Del Rio, D., Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Spencer, J. P. E., Tognolini, M., Borges, G., & Crozier, A. (2013) · Antioxidants & Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2012.4581 · Cited by 2,601 · see citing works

Measuring reactive species and oxidative damage <i>in vivo</i> and in cell culture: how should you do it and what do the results mean?

Halliwell, B., & Whiteman, M. (2004) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705776 · Cited by 2,238 · see citing works

Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: What Polyphenols Can Do for Us?

Hussain, T., Tan, B., Yin, Y., Blachier, F., Tossou, M. C. B., & Rahu, N. (2016) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2016/7432797 · Cited by 2,088 · see citing works

Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans. II. Review of 93 intervention studies

Williamson, G., & Manach, C. (2005) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/81.1.243s · Cited by 1,340 · see citing works

Flavonoids, flavonoid-rich foods, and cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Hooper, L., Kroon, P. A., Rimm, E. B., Cohn, J. S., Harvey, I., Le Cornu, K. A., Ryder, J. J., Hall, W. L., & Cassidy, A. (2008) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/88.1.38 · Cited by 1,097 · see citing works

(–)-Epicatechin mediates beneficial effects of flavanol-rich cocoa on vascular function in humans

Schroeter, H., Heiss, C., Balzer, J., Kleinbongard, P., Keen, C. L., Hollenberg, N. K., Sies, H., Kwik-Uribe, C., Schmitz, H. H., & Kelm, M. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0510168103 · Cited by 1,052 · see citing works

Polyphenols and Human Health: Prevention of Disease and Mechanisms of Action

Vauzour, D., Rodriguez‐Mateos, A., Corona, G., Oruña-Concha, M. J., & Spencer, J. P. E. (2010) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu2111106 · Cited by 866 · see citing works

Effects of chocolate, cocoa, and flavan-3-ols on cardiovascular health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials

Hooper, L., Kay, C., Abdelhamid, A., Kroon, P. A., Cohn, J. S., Rimm, E. B., & Cassidy, A. (2012) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.023457 · Cited by 610 · see citing works

Nutritional, Dietary and Postprandial Oxidative Stress

Sies, H., Stahl, W., & Sevanian, A. (2005) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/135.5.969 · Cited by 608 · see citing works

Bioavailability, bioactivity and impact on health of dietary flavonoids and related compounds: an update

Rodriguez‐Mateos, A., Vauzour, D., Krueger, C. G., Shanmuganayagam, D., Reed, J. D., Calani, L., Mena, P. R., Rio, D. D., & Crozier, A. (2014) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-014-1330-7 · Cited by 608 · see citing works

Impaired progenitor cell activity in age-related endothelial dysfunction

Heiss, C., Keymel, S., Niesler, U., Ziemann, J., Kelm, M., & Kalka, C. (2005) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2004.12.074 · Cited by 573 · see citing works

Vascular protection by dietary polyphenols

Stoclet, J., Chataigneau, T., Ndiaye, M., Oak, M., Bedoui, J. E., Chataigneau, M., & Schini‐Kerth, V. B. (2004) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.07.034 · Cited by 566 · see citing works

Cocoa Reduces Blood Pressure and Insulin Resistance and Improves Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Hypertensives

Grassi, D., Necozione, S., Lippi, C., Croce, G., Valeri, L., Pasqualetti, P., Desideri, G., Blumberg, J. B., & Ferri, C. (2005) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.0000174990.46027.70 · Cited by 546 · see citing works

Habitual intake of flavonoid subclasses and incident hypertension in adults

Cassidy, A., O’Reilly, É. J., Kay, C. D., Sampson, L., FRANZ, M. M., Forman, J., Curhan, G. C., & Rimm, E. B. (2010) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.110.006783 · Cited by 500 · see citing works

Polyphenols and cardiovascular disease: effects on endothelial and platelet function

Vita, J. A. (2005) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/81.1.292s · Cited by 495 · see citing works

Blood Pressure Is Reduced and Insulin Sensitivity Increased in Glucose-Intolerant, Hypertensive Subjects after 15 Days of Consuming High-Polyphenol Dark Chocolate13

Grassi, D., Desideri, G., Necozione, S., Lippi, C., Casale, R., Properzi, G., Blumberg, J. B., & Ferri, C. (2008) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/138.9.1671 · Cited by 481 · see citing works

Flavanol monomer-induced changes to the human faecal microflora

Tzounis, X., Vulevic, J., Kuhnle, G., George, T. W., Leonczak, J., Gibson, G. R., Kwik-Uribe, C. L., & Spencer, J. P. E. (2007) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114507853384 · Cited by 454 · see citing works

Hesperidin contributes to the vascular protective effects of orange juice: a randomized crossover study in healthy volunteers

Morand, C., Dubray, C., Milenkovic, D., Lioger, D., Martin, J. F., Scalbert, A., & Mazur, A. (2011) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.110.004945 · Cited by 439 · see citing works

Cocoa and Chocolate in Human Health and Disease

Katz, D. L., Doughty, K. N., & Ali, A. (2011) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2010.3697 · Cited by 456 · see citing works

Dietary Polyphenols as Modulators of Brain Functions: Biological Actions and Molecular Mechanisms Underpinning Their Beneficial Effects

Vauzour, D. (2012) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2012/914273 · Cited by 431 · see citing works

Cocoa and Cardiovascular Health

Corti, R., Flammer, A. J., Hollenberg, N. K., & Lüscher, T. F. (2009) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.108.827022 · Cited by 424 · see citing works

The Biological Relevance of Direct Antioxidant Effects of Polyphenols for Cardiovascular Health in Humans Is Not Established1–4

Hollman, P. C. H., Cassidy, A., Comte, B., Heinonen, M., Richelle, M., Richling, E., Serafini, M., Scalbert, A., Sies, H., & Vidry, S. (2011) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.110.131490 · Cited by 406 · see citing works

Flavonoid intake and risk of CVD: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Wang, X., Ouyang, Y., Liu, J., & Zhao, G. (2013) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s000711451300278x · Cited by 384 · see citing works

Pure dietary flavonoids quercetin and (−)-epicatechin augment nitric oxide products and reduce endothelin-1 acutely in healthy men

Loke, W. M., Hodgson, J. M., Proudfoot, J. M., McKinley, A. J., Puddey, I. B., & Croft, K. D. (2008) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/88.4.1018 · Cited by 372 · see citing works

Intake and time dependence of blueberry flavonoid–induced improvements in vascular function: a randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover intervention study with mechanistic insights into biological activity

Rodriguez‐Mateos, A., Rendeiro, C., Bergillos-Meca, T., Tabatabaee, S., George, T. W., Heiß, C., & Spencer, J. P. E. (2013) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.066639 · Cited by 361 · see citing works

Sustained Benefits in Vascular Function Through Flavanol-Containing Cocoa in Medicated Diabetic Patients

Balzer, J., Rassaf, T., Heiss, C., Kleinbongard, P., Lauer, T., Merx, M., Heussen, N., Gross, H. B., Keen, C. L., Schroeter, H., et al. (2008) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2008.01.059 · Cited by 345 · see citing works

Acute Consumption of Flavanol-Rich Cocoa and the Reversal of Endothelial Dysfunction in Smokers

Heiß, C., Kleinbongard, P., Dejam, A., Perré, S., Schroeter, H., Sies, H., & Kelm, M. (2005) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.06.055 · Cited by 346 · see citing works

Mono-O-methylated flavanols and other flavonoids as inhibitors of endothelial NADPH oxidase

Steffen, Y., Gruber, C., SCHEWE, T., & Sies, H. (2007) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2007.10.012 · Cited by 341 · see citing works

Inhibition of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Activity by Flavanol-Rich Foods

Actis‐Goretta, L., Ottaviani, J. I., & Fraga, C. G. (2005) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf052263o · Cited by 335 · see citing works

The Effect of Flavanol-rich Cocoa on the fMRI Response to a Cognitive Task in Healthy Young People

Francis, S., Head, K., Morris, P. G., & Macdonald, I. A. (2006) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/00005344-200606001-00018 · Cited by 314 · see citing works

Cocoa and health: a decade of research

Cooper, K., Donovan, J. L., Waterhouse, A. L., & Williamson, G. (2007) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114507795296 · Cited by 302 · see citing works

Flavonoid-rich apples and nitrate-rich spinach augment nitric oxide status and improve endothelial function in healthy men and women: a randomized controlled trial

Bondonno, C. P., Yang, X., Croft, K. D., Considine, M. J., Ward, N. C., Rich, L., Puddey, I. B., Swinny, E., Mubarak, A., & Hodgson, J. M. (2012) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.028 · Cited by 292 · see citing works

Review: The Potential of the Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) as a Vehicle for Iron Biofortification

Petry, N., Boy, E., Wirth, J. P., & Hurrell, R. (2015) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu7021144 · Cited by 291 · see citing works

Consumption of cocoa flavanols results in acute improvements in mood and cognitive performance during sustained mental effort

Scholey, A. B., French, S., Morris, P. J., Kennedy, D. O., Milne, A., & Haskell‐Ramsay, C. F. (2009) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881109106923 · Cited by 284 · see citing works

Effect of Cocoa and Tea Intake on Blood Pressure

Taubert, D. (2007) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.167.7.626 · Cited by 282 · see citing works

Chocolate and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review

Ding, E. L., Hutfless, S. M., Ding, X., & Girotra, S. R. (2006) · Nutrition & Metabolism · doi:10.1186/1743-7075-3-2 · Cited by 267 · see citing works

Higher anthocyanin intake is associated with lower arterial stiffness and central blood pressure in women

Jennings, A., Welch, A. A., Fairweather-Tait, S. J., Kay, C. D., Minihane, A. M., Chowienczyk, P., Jiang, B., Cecelja, M., Spector, T. D., MacGregor, A. J., et al. (2012) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.042036 · Cited by 266 · see citing works

Evidence for a protective effect of polyphenols-containing foods on cardiovascular health: an update for clinicians

Habauzit, V., & Morand, C. (2011) · Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease · doi:10.1177/2040622311430006 · Cited by 260 · see citing works

Nitrite in nitric oxide biology: Cause or consequence?

Bryan, N. S. (2006) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.05.019 · Cited by 260 · see citing works

Effect of Cocoa Products on Blood Pressure: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Desch, S., Schmidt, J., Kobler, D., Sonnabend, M., Eitel, I., Sareban, M., Rahimi, K., Schuler, G., & Thiele, H. (2009) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1038/ajh.2009.213 · Cited by 259 · see citing works

Current evidence on the effect of dietary polyphenols intake on chronic diseases

Costa, C., Tsatsakis, A. M., Mamoulakis, C., Teodoro, M., Briguglio, G., Caruso, E., Tsoukalas, D., Margina, D. M., Dardiotis, E., Kouretas, D., et al. (2017) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2017.10.023 · Cited by 262 · see citing works

Human myeloperoxidase in innate and acquired immunity

Arnhold, J., & Flemmig, J. (2010) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2010.04.008 · Cited by 251 · see citing works

The neuroprotective effects of cocoa flavanol and its influence on cognitive performance

Nehlig, A. (2012) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04378.x · Cited by 249 · see citing works

Experimental and computational optimization of an Escherichia coli co-culture for the efficient production of flavonoids

Jones, J. A., Vernacchio, V. R., Sinkoe, A. L., Collins, S. M., Ibrahim, M. H. A., Lachance, D. M., Hahn, J., & Koffas, M. A. G. (2016) · Metabolic Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.ymben.2016.01.006 · Cited by 249 · see citing works

Cocoa antioxidants and cardiovascular health

Keen, C. L., Holt, R. R., Oteiza, P. I., Fraga, C. G., & Schmitz, H. H. (2005) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/81.1.298s · Cited by 246 · see citing works

How do dietary flavanols improve vascular function? A position paper

SCHEWE, T., Steffen, Y., & Sies, H. (2008) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2008.03.004 · Cited by 242 · see citing works

Dark Chocolate Improves Coronary Vasomotion and Reduces Platelet Reactivity

Flammer, A. J., Hermann, F., Sudano, I., Spieker, L. E., Hermann, M., Cooper, K., Serafini, M., Lüscher, T. F., Ruschitzka, F. T., Noll, G., et al. (2007) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.713867 · Cited by 227 · see citing works

Chocolate consumption in relation to blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular disease in German adults

Buijsse, B., Weikert, C., Drogan, D., Bergmann, M. M., & Boeing, H. (2010) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq068 · Cited by 227 · see citing works

Oxidative stress – Complex pathological issues concerning the hallmark of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders

Rotariu, D., Babeş, E. E., Ţiţ, D. M., Moisi, M. I., Bustea, C., Stoicescu, M., Radu, A.-F., Vesa, C. M., Behl, T., Bungău, A. F., et al. (2022) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113238 · Cited by 226 · see citing works

Emerging role of nitrite in human biology

Dejam, A., Hunter, C. J., Schechter, A. N., & Gladwin, M. T. (2004) · Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.bcmd.2004.02.002 · Cited by 221 · see citing works

Polyphenols and health: Update and perspectives

Sies, H. (2010) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2010.04.006 · Cited by 224 · see citing works

Cocoa polyphenols and inflammatory mediators

Sies, H., SCHEWE, T., Heiß, C., & Kelm, M. (2005) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/81.1.304s · Cited by 221 · see citing works

Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals as Dietary Intervention in Chronic Diseases; Novel Perspectives for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

Adefegha, S. A. (2017) · Journal of Dietary Supplements · doi:10.1080/19390211.2017.1401573 · Cited by 226 · see citing works

Acute dark chocolate and cocoa ingestion and endothelial function: a randomized controlled crossover trial

Faridi, Z., Njike, V. Y., Dutta, S., Ali, A., & Katz, D. L. (2008) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/88.1.58 · Cited by 217 · see citing works

Acute EGCG Supplementation Reverses Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Widlansky, M. E., Hamburg, N. M., Anter, E., HOLBROOK, M. M., Kahn, D. F., Elliott, J. G., Keaney, J. F., & Vita, J. A. (2007) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.2007.10719590 · Cited by 217 · see citing works

Consumption of cocoa flavanols results in an acute improvement in visual and cognitive functions

Field, D. T., Williams, C. M., & Butler, L. T. (2011) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.02.013 · Cited by 208 · see citing works

Sustained Increase in Flow-Mediated Dilation After Daily Intake of High-Flavanol Cocoa Drink Over 1 Week

Heiß, C., Finis, D., Kleinbongard, P., Hoffmann, A., Rassaf, T., Kelm, M., & Sies, H. (2007) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/fjc.0b013e31802d0001 · Cited by 207 · see citing works

Flavonoids: Antioxidants Against Atherosclerosis

Grassi, D., Desideri, G., & Ferri, C. (2010) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu2080889 · Cited by 205 · see citing works

Polyphenols in Cocoa and Cocoa Products: Is There a Link between Antioxidant Properties and Health?

Jalil, A. M. M., & Ismail, A. (2008) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules13092190 · Cited by 206 · see citing works

Effect of Dark Chocolate on Arterial Function in Healthy Individuals

Vlachopoulos, C. V., Aznaouridis, K., Alexopoulos, N. A., Economou, E. N., Andreadou, I., & Stefanadis, C. (2005) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.12.008 · Cited by 200 · see citing works

Flavanols and cardiovascular disease prevention

Heiß, C., Keen, C. L., & Kelm, M. (2010) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq332 · Cited by 195 · see citing works

Impact of Fermentation, Drying, Roasting, and Dutch Processing on Epicatechin and Catechin Content of Cacao Beans and Cocoa Ingredients

Payne, M. J., Hurst, W. J., Miller, K. B., Rank, C., & Stuart, D. A. (2010) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf102391q · Cited by 195 · see citing works

Vascular action of polyphenols

GHOSH, D. K., & Scheepens, A. (2008) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.200800182 · Cited by 194 · see citing works

Dietary antiaging phytochemicals and mechanisms associated with prolonged survival

Si, H., & Liu, D. (2014) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.02.001 · Cited by 196 · see citing works

Epicatechin, catechin, and dimeric procyanidins inhibit PMA‐induced NF‐κB activation at multiple steps in Jurkat T cells

Mackenzie, G. G., Carrasquedo, F., Delfino, J. M., Keen, C. L., Fraga, C. G., & Oteiza, P. I. (2003) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.03-0402fje · Cited by 186 · see citing works

Beneficial roles of honey polyphenols against some human degenerative diseases: A review

Hossen, M. S., Ali, M. Y., Jahurul, M. H. A., Abdel‐Daim, M. M., Gan, S. H., & Khalil, M. I. (2017) · Pharmacological Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pharep.2017.07.002 · Cited by 185 · see citing works

Regular Consumption of a Flavanol‐rich Chocolate can Improve Oxidant Stress in Young Soccer Players

Fraga, C. G., Actis‐Goretta, L., Ottaviani, J. I., Carrasquedo, F., LOTITO, S. B., Lazarus, S. A., Schmitz, H. H., & Keen, C. L. (2004) · Journal of Immunology Research · doi:10.1080/10446670410001722159 · Cited by 178 · see citing works

Cocoa flavanol intake improves endothelial function and Framingham Risk Score in healthy men and women: a randomised, controlled, double-masked trial: the Flaviola Health Study

Sansone, R., Rodriguez‐Mateos, A., Heuel, J., Falk, D., Schuler, D., Wagstaff, R., Kuhnle, G., Spencer, J. P. E., Schroeter, H., Merx, M. W., et al. (2015) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114515002822 · Cited by 178 · see citing works

Epicatechin lowers blood pressure, restores endothelial function, and decreases oxidative stress and endothelin-1 and NADPH oxidase activity in DOCA-salt hypertension

Gómez‐Guzmán, M., Jiménez, R., Sánchez, M., Zarzuelo-Romero, M. J., Galindo, P., Quintela, A. M., López-Sepúlveda, R., Romero, M., Tamargo, J. L., Vargas, F., et al. (2011) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.015 · Cited by 179 · see citing works

The mechanisms of action of flavonoids in the brain: Direct versus indirect effects

Rendeiro, C., Rhodes, J. S., & Spencer, J. P. E. (2015) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2015.08.002 · Cited by 182 · see citing works

Chocolate and the brain: Neurobiological impact of cocoa flavanols on cognition and behavior

Sokolov, A. N., Pavlova, M. A., Klosterhalfen, S., & Enck, P. (2013) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.06.013 · Cited by 178 · see citing works

Pterostilbene: Biomedical applications

Estrela, J. M., Ortega, Á., Mena, S., Rodríguez, M. L., & Asensi, M. A. (2013) · Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences · doi:10.3109/10408363.2013.805182 · Cited by 177 · see citing works

The stereochemical configuration of flavanols influences the level and metabolism of flavanols in humans and their biological activity in vivo

Ottaviani, J. I., Momma, T. Y., Heiß, C., Kwik-Uribe, C. L., Schroeter, H., & Keen, C. L. (2010) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.11.005 · Cited by 171 · see citing works

Native foods from Brazilian biodiversity as a source of bioactive compounds

Oliveira, V. B., Yamada, L. T. P., Fagg, C. W., & Brandão, M. G. L. (2012) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2012.03.011 · Cited by 170 · see citing works

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of the effects of dark chocolate and cocoa on variables associated with neuropsychological functioning and cardiovascular health: clinical findings from a sample of healthy, cognitively intact older adults

Crews, W. D., Harrison, D. W., & Wright, J. W. (2008) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/87.4.872 · Cited by 169 · see citing works

Review: Health Effects of Cocoa Flavonoids

Lamuela-Raventós, R. M., Romero‐Pérez, A. I., Andrés‐Lacueva, C., & Tornero, A. C. F. (2005) · Food Science and Technology International · doi:10.1177/1082013205054498 · Cited by 166 · see citing works

Cerebral blood flow response to flavanol-rich cocoa in healthy elderly humans

PhD, F. (2008) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s2310 · Cited by 162 · see citing works

Beyond antioxidants: the cellular and molecular interactions of flavonoids and how these underpin their actions on the brain

Spencer, J. P. E. (2010) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665110000054 · Cited by 163 · see citing works

Effects of black tea consumption on plasma catechins and markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with coronary artery disease

Widlansky, M. E., Duffy, S. J., Hamburg, N. M., Gokce, N., Warden, B. A., Wiseman, S., Keaney, J. F., Frei, B., & Vita, J. A. (2005) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.11.013 · Cited by 162 · see citing works

(–)-Epicatechin elevates nitric oxide in endothelial cells via inhibition of NADPH oxidase

Steffen, Y., SCHEWE, T., & Sies, H. (2007) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.05.200 · Cited by 162 · see citing works

The Emerging Role of Flavonoid-Rich Cocoa and Chocolate in Cardiovascular Health and Disease

Engler, M. B., & Engler, M. M. (2006) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2006.tb00194.x · Cited by 160 · see citing works

Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to cocoa flavanols and maintenance of normal endothelium‐dependent vasodilation pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006

EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, N. A. A. (. (2012) · EFSA Journal · doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2809 · Cited by 158 · see citing works

Cocoa and Dark Chocolate Polyphenols: From Biology to Clinical Applications

Magrone, T., Russo, M. A., & Jirillo, E. (2017) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00677 · Cited by 160 · see citing works

Cocoa consumption for 2 wk enhances insulin-mediated vasodilatation without improving blood pressure or insulin resistance in essential hypertension

Muniyappa, R., Hall, G., Kolodziej, T. L., Karne, R. J., Crandon, S. K., & Quon, M. J. (2008) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.26457 · Cited by 155 · see citing works

Rapid Reversed Phase Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis of the Major Cocoa Polyphenols and Inter-relationships of Their Concentrations in Chocolate

Cooper, K., Campos-Giménez, E., Alvarez, D. J., Nagy, K., Donovan, J. L., & Williamson, G. (2007) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf063277c · Cited by 155 · see citing works

Chronic Consumption of Flavanol-rich Cocoa Improves Endothelial Function and Decreases Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule in Hypercholesterolemic Postmenopausal Women

Wang, J. F., Villablanca, A. C., Polagruto, J. A., Lee, L., Holt, R. R., Schrader, H. R., Ensunsa, J. L., Steinberg, F. M., Schmitz, H. H., & Keen, C. L. (2006) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/00005344-200606001-00013 · Cited by 153 · see citing works

Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Neuroprotection of Polyphenols with Respect to Resveratrol in Parkinson’s Disease

Kung, H., Lin, K.-J., Kung, C., & Lin, T. (2021) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines9080918 · Cited by 160 · see citing works

Acute neurocognitive effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)

Scholey, A. B., Downey, L. A., Ciorciari, J., Pipingas, A., Nolidin, K., Finn, M., Wines, M., Catchlove, S. J., Terrens, A., Barlow, E., et al. (2011) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.11.016 · Cited by 150 · see citing works

Does Flavanol Intake Influence Mortality from Nitric Oxide-Dependent Processes? Ischemic Heart Disease, Stroke, Diabetes Mellitus, and Cancer in Panama

Bayard, V., Chamorro, F., Motta, J., & Hollenberg, N. K. (2007) · International Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijms.4.53 · Cited by 147 · see citing works

Impact of cocoa flavanol intake on age-dependent vascular stiffness in healthy men: a randomized, controlled, double-masked trial

Heiß, C., Sansone, R., Karimi, H., Krabbe, M., Schuler, D., Rodriguez‐Mateos, A., Kræmer, T., Cortese-Krott, M. M., Kuhnle, G., Spencer, J. P. E., et al. (2015) · AGE · doi:10.1007/s11357-015-9794-9 · Cited by 142 · see citing works

Cocoa Flavanol Intake and Biomarkers for Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Lin, X., Zhang, I., Li, A., Manson, J. E., Sesso, H. D., Wang, L., & Liu, S. (2016) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.116.237644 · Cited by 150 · see citing works

Cocoa Polyphenols and Inflammatory Markers of Cardiovascular Disease

Khan, N., Khymenets, O., Urpí-Sardà, M., Tulipani, S., Garcia‐Aloy, M., Monagas, M., Cubillos, L. X. M., Llorach, R., & Andrés‐Lacueva, C. (2014) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu6020844 · Cited by 138 · see citing works

Effect of flavonoids on learning, memory and neurocognitive performance: relevance and potential implications for Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology

Vauzour, D. (2013) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.6473 · Cited by 136 · see citing works

Proanthocyanidins: Biological Activities Associated with Human Health

Beecher, G. R. (2004) · Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.3109/13880200490893474 · Cited by 143 · see citing works

Cardiovascular effects of flavanol-rich chocolate in patients with heart failure

Flammer, A. J., Sudano, I., Wolfrum, M., Thomas, R., Enseleit, F., Periat, D., Kaiser, P., Hirt, A., Hermann, M., Serafini, M., et al. (2011) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr448 · Cited by 127 · see citing works

Cocoa flavanols lower vascular arginase activity in human endothelial cells in vitro and in erythrocytes in vivo

Schnorr, O., Brossette, T., Momma, T. Y., Kleinbongard, P., Keen, C. L., Schroeter, H., & Sies, H. (2008) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2008.02.040 · Cited by 127 · see citing works

Microalbuminuria and Endothelial Dysfunction: Emerging Targets for Primary Prevention of End-organ Damage

Ochodnický, P., Henning, R. H., van Dokkum, R. P. E., & de Zeeuw, D. (2006) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/00005344-200606001-00009 · Cited by 125 · see citing works

The effect of flavanol-rich cocoa on cerebral perfusion in healthy older adults during conscious resting state: a placebo controlled, crossover, acute trial

Lamport, D. J., Pal, D., Moutsiana, C., Field, D. T., Williams, C. M., Spencer, J. P. E., & Butler, L. T. (2015) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-015-3972-4 · Cited by 126 · see citing works

Effects of dark chocolate and cocoa consumption on endothelial function and arterial stiffness in overweight adults

West, S. G., McIntyre, M. D., Piotrowski, M. J., Poupin, N., Miller, D. L., Preston, A. G., Wagner, P. R., Groves, L. F., & Skulas‐Ray, A. C. (2013) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114513002912 · Cited by 125 · see citing works

Hypertension, the Kuna, and the Epidemiology of Flavanols

McCullough, M. L., Chevaux, K. A., Jackson, L., Preston, M., Martinez, G., Schmitz, H. H., Coletti, C. M., Campos, H., & Hollenberg, N. K. (2006) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/00005344-200606001-00003 · Cited by 124 · see citing works

Chocolate and health: On the vascular effects of flavanols in cocoa

Ottaviani, J. I., Keen, C. L., & Fraga, C. G. (2006) · Agro food industry hi-tech · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Impact of Cocoa Flavanols on Cardiovascular Health: Additional Consideration of Dose and Food Matrix.

Davison, K., & Howe, P. R. C. (2016) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.5729 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

The beneficial vascular effects of cacao flavanols: having your cake and eating it too

Ceballos, G. M., & Villarreal, F. J. (2011) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01242.2011 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Flavanols, cocoa, and cardiology.

Barnard, K. (2006) · PubMed · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Flavanol-Rich Cocoa

Mehrinfar-Zadeh, R., & Frishman, W. H. (2008) · Cardiology in Review · doi:10.1097/crd.0b013e31815d95e2 · Cited by 31 · see citing works