Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Serpentine Microstructures Bonded To Prestrained Elastomers for Stretchable Electronics
Abstract
Stretchable electronic devices that exploit inorganic materials are attractive due to their combination of high performance with mechanical deformability, particularly for applications in biomedical devices that require intimate integration with human body. Several mechanics and materials schemes have been devised for this type of technology, many of which exploit deformable interconnects. When such interconnects are fully bonded to the substrate and/or encapsulated in a solid material, useful but modest levels of deformation (<30–40%) are possible, with reversible and repeatable mechanics. Here, the use of prestrain in the substrate is introduced, together with interconnects in narrow, serpentine shapes, to yield significantly enhanced (more than two times) stretchability, to more than 100%. Fracture and cyclic fatigue testing on structures formed with and without prestrain quantitatively demonstrate the possible enhancements. Finite element analyses (FEA) illustrates the effects of various material and geometric parameters. A drastic decrease in the elastic stretchability is observed with increasing metal thickness, due to changes in the buckling mode, that is, from local wrinkling at small thicknesses to absence of such wrinkling at large thicknesses, as revealed by experiment. An analytic model quantitatively predicts the wavelength of this wrinkling, and explains the thickness dependence of the buckling behaviors.
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The EA value of the twining electrodes is 0.08 N, while traditional silicone rubber- and PI-based extraneural electrodes have EA values of ~5000 and 40 N, respectively.
“By taking advantage of the mesh serpentine design (44–46), the EA value is greatly decreased to 0.08 N (fig. S8); comparatively, the EA values of traditional silicone rubber– and PI-based extraneural electrodes are ~5000 and 40 N, respectively (note S3).”
From Climbing-inspired twining electrodes using shape memory for peripheral nerve stimulation and recording (2019) · cites this paper as [45]
The applied stresses on the nerve and the reliability of the Au layer can be further improved by increasing the stretchability of the twining electrode.
“In addition, the applied stresses on the nerve and the reliability of the Au layer can be further improved by increasing the stretchability of the twining electrode according to previous works (44–47).”
From Climbing-inspired twining electrodes using shape memory for peripheral nerve stimulation and recording (2019) · cites this paper as [45]
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Biodegradable Nanofibrous Polymeric Substrates for Generating Elastic and Flexible Electronics
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Design of Strain‐Limiting Substrate Materials for Stretchable and Flexible Electronics
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Self-citationSoft, conformal bioelectronics for a wireless human-wheelchair interface
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- Authors
- Zhang, Y., Wang, S., Li, X., Fan, J. A., Xu, S., Song, Y. M., Choi, K., Yeo, W., Lee, W., Nazaar, S. N., Lu, B., Yin, L., Hwang, K., Rogers, J. A., & Huang, Y.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Tsinghua University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Rogers, John A.
- Huang, Yonggang
- ORCID
- Venue
- Advanced Functional Materials
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-11-26
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 2028-2037
- ISSN
- 1616-301X (ISSN-L)
- 1616-3028
- OpenAlex
- W2109532363
- Cited by
- 354
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 9.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Advanced Functional Materials (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Nanomaterials and Printing Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Advanced Materials and Mechanics
- Keywords
- stretchable electronics, metal interconnects, wrinkling, buckling, cyclic fatigue, fracture, finite element analysis, biomedical devices
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