Cognitive inhibition in older high-lethality suicide attempters: Cognitive inhibition in older suicide attempters
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BACKGROUND: People who attempt suicide often display cognitive impairments, particularly poor cognitive control. Could poor cognitive control contribute to high suicide rates in old age? A component of cognitive control, cognitive inhibition-active suppression of task-irrelevant processing-is very sensitive to aging and has been linked to attempted suicide. We investigated cognitive inhibition in older high-lethality suicide attempters, closely resembling suicide victims, as well as low-lethality attempters, and control groups with and without depression and suicidal ideation. METHODS: A total of 102 participants aged 60 years and older (17 psychiatrically healthy control subjects, 38 depressed control subjects, 16 suicide ideators, 14 low-lethality suicide attempters, and 17 high-lethality suicide attempters) underwent comprehensive clinical and cognitive assessments. They completed the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System Color-Word Interference Test, a validated modification of the Stroop test. RESULTS: High-lethality suicide attempters demonstrated a distinct pattern of cognitive inhibition deficits. Compared with psychiatrically healthy control subjects and suicide ideators, high-lethality attempters took longer to complete inhibition trials, even after accounting for potential confounding factors (age, education, Mini mental state examination score, information processing speed, and accuracy). Compared with non-suicidal depressed and healthy control subjects, low-lethality suicide attempters committed more uncorrected errors; however, this difference was not specific to the inhibition condition. CONCLUSIONS: Older suicide attempters are a cognitively heterogeneous group. Poor cognitive control in high-lethality attempters may undermine their ability to solve real-life problems, precipitating a catastrophic accumulation of stressors. Meanwhile, low-lethality attempters' poor performance may reflect a careless approach to the task or faulty monitoring.
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Individuals at high risk of suicidal behavior experience difficulties in controlling the focus of their attention, and attempters demonstrate reduced cognitive inhibition compared to ideators.
“In addition, individuals at high risk of suicidal behavior experience difficulties in controlling the focus of their attention, and attempters demonstrate reduced cognitive inhibition compared to ideators (Richard-Devantoy et al., 2015; Thompson and Ong, 2018).”
From The Psychological Pathway to Suicide Attempts: A Strategy of Control Without Awareness (2021) · cites this paper as Richard-Devantoy et al., 2015
The Results and Discussion report poorer cognitive inhibition in older high-lethality suicide attempters than in suicide ideators. The claim omits the age and attempt-lethality limits: the paper does not establish that attempters generally have reduced inhibition compared with ideators. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredReduced attentional control, including the ability to inhibit responses, would be interpreted from a PCT perspective as a reduced ability to sustain or shift awareness between goals.
“Firstly, reduced attentional control, including the ability to inhibit responses (Richard-Devantoy et al., 2015; Thompson and Ong, 2018), would be interpreted from a PCT perspective as a reduced ability to sustain or shift awareness between goals (Mansell et al., 2012).”
From The Psychological Pathway to Suicide Attempts: A Strategy of Control Without Awareness (2021) · cites this paper as Richard-Devantoy et al., 2015
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- Authors
- Richard-Devantoy, S., Szanto, K., Butters, M. A., Kalkus, J., & Dombrovski, A. Y.
- Affiliations
- Department of Psychiatry and Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill Group for Suicide Studies; McGill University; Montréal Québec Canada
- Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Department of Psychiatry; University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine; Pittsburgh PA USA
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dombrovski, Alexandre Y.
- Venue
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-05-12
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 274-283
- ISSN
- 0885-6230 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4229451
- OpenAlex
- W1944611748
- Cited by
- 74
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 7.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (K23 MH086620, R01 MH085651)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Keywords
- cognitive inhibition, suicide attempters, older adults, cognitive control, aging, depression, suicidal ideation, color-word interference, Stroop task, executive function, cognitive impairment
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Analysis of Variance, Cognition Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Problem Solving, Suicide, Attempted, Case-Control Studies
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