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Cited by 749Motivation and Self-Concept in SportsPsychological Well-being and Life SatisfactionJob Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior

Revitalization through Self-Regulation: The Effects of Autonomous and Controlled Motivation on Happiness and Vitality

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Nix, Glen A., Ryan, Richard M., Manly, John B., Deci, Edward L.·1999·Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
DOI 10.1006/jesp.1999.1382
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Abstract

Three studies examined the effects of experimentally induced motivational orientations on the subtly different positive affects of vitality and happiness. We hypothesized, based on self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1991; Ryan & Frederick, 1997), that doing well when autonomously motivated would enhance subjective vitality relative to doing well when controlled in one's motivation, but that doing well under the two motivational states would not have differential effects on happiness. Two experiments in which motivation was induced by instructions to participants about task engagement and a third experiment using an attributional methodology yielded the hypothesized pattern of effects. Results are discussed in terms of the importance of differentiating positive outcomes in terms of their underlying motives and of giving increased attention to understanding restorative environments.

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  • Leisure crafting increases the energy and positive mood entrepreneurs can bring to work, which are key resources for raising work vitality.

    “Thus, we suggest that LC enhances the energy and positive mood available for entrepreneurs to bring to the work domain, which are essential resources for increasing work vitality (cf.Nix et al., 1999;Porath et al., 2012;Ren et al., 2022).”

    From Work hard or play hard: the effect of leisure crafting on opportunity recognition and venture performance (2023) · cites this paper as Nix et al., 1999

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Authors
Nix, G. A., Ryan, R. M., Manly, J. B., & Deci, E. L.
Affiliations
University of Rochester (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1999-05
Volume
35
Issue
3
Pages
266-284
ISSN
0022-1031 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1006/jesp.1999.1382
OpenAlex
W2052748684
Cited by
749
References
49
Citations by year
2026: 29 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 27
FWCI
3.61
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
Keywords
autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, self-determination theory, happiness, vitality, positive affect, task engagement, restorative environments, self-regulation

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