On Energy, Personality, and Health: Subjective Vitality as a Dynamic Reflection of Well‐Being
Abstract
ABSTRACT In this article, we examine subjective vitality, a positive feeling of aliveness and energy, in six studies. Subjective vitality is hypothesized to reflect organismic well‐being and thus should covary with both psychological and somatic factors that impact the energy available to the self. Associations are shown between subjective vitality and several indexes of psychological well‐being; somatic factors such as physical symptoms and perceived body functioning; and basic personality traits and affective dispositions. Subsequently, vitality is shown to be lower in people with chronic pain compared to matched controls, especially those who perceive their pain to be disabling or frightening. Subjective vitality is further associated with self‐motivation and maintained weight loss among patients treated for obesity. Finally, subjective vitality is assessed in a diary study for its covariation with physical symptoms. Discussion focuses on the phenomenological salience of personal energy and its relations to physical and psychological well‐being.
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Positive states may improve energy and vitality, which can increase health behaviors and lead to better health.
“positive states may improve energy and vitality [64, 79], which can increase health behaviors and lead to better health [80].”
From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [79]
Fatigue is often described as a perceived lack of energy or a feeling of low vitality.
“Conversely, fatigue is often described as a perceived lack of energy or a feeling of low vitality [10].”
From Vitamins and Minerals for Energy, Fatigue and Cognition: A Narrative Review of the Biochemical and Clinical Evidence (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
Self-esteem is associated with subjective vitality.
“Self-esteem was also found to be associated with other indicators of subjective well-being, such as positive and negative affect [13], meaning in life [14], and subjective vitality [15].”
From Self-esteem and subjective well-being revisited: The roles of personal, relational, and collective self-esteem (2017) · cites this paper as [15]
The positive association of personal self-esteem with subjective well-being is in line with previous findings showing that people high in self-esteem tend to report stronger life satisfaction, positive affect, meaning in life, and subjective vitality.
“The positive association of PSE with subjective well-being is in line with previous findings [9, 13–15, 54] showing that people high in self-esteem tend to report stronger life satisfaction, positive affect, meaning in life, and subjective vitality.”
From Self-esteem and subjective well-being revisited: The roles of personal, relational, and collective self-esteem (2017) · cites this paper as [15]
There is a positive relationship between vitality and well-being.
“Research has indeed shown a positive relationship between vitality and well-being (Ryan and Frederick 1997).”
From Energy Management of People in Organizations: A Review and Research Agenda (2011) · cites this paper as Ryan and Frederick 1997
Only few studies have directly measured energy and its effects.
“Only few studies have directly measured energy and its effects (e.g., Bruch and Ghoshal 2003; Cross et al. 2003; Ryan and Frederick 1997).”
From Energy Management of People in Organizations: A Review and Research Agenda (2011) · cites this paper as Ryan and Frederick 1997
Extraversion and conscientiousness are negatively related to vitality, and neuroticism is positively related to vitality.
“Although not investigated in combination, research by Ryan and Frederick (1997) found extraversion and conscientiousness to be negatively related to vitality, and neuroticism to be positively related to vitality.”
From Energy Management of People in Organizations: A Review and Research Agenda (2011) · cites this paper as Ryan and Frederick 1997
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- Authors
- Ryan, R. M., & Frederick, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Rochester (US)
- Southern Utah University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1997-09
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 529-565
- ISSN
- 0022-3506 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-6494
- OpenAlex
- W2122447448
- Cited by
- 2,755
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 143 · 2025: 170 · 2024: 189 · 2023: 231 · 2022: 203 · 2021: 212 · 2020: 216 · 2019: 166 · 2018: 134 · 2017: 123 · 2016: 127 · 2015: 132 · 2014: 133 · 2013: 100 · 2012: 90
- FWCI
- 9.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01hd019914-08, 5t32mh018922-04)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH 18922)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-19914)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health, psychology, and well-being
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
- Keywords
- subjective vitality, energy, well-being, psychological well-being, somatic symptoms, personality traits, affective dispositions, chronic pain, pain perception, self-motivation, obesity, weight loss, diary study
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Aged, Chronic Disease, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Obesity, Pain, Personality, Psychological Theory, Psychophysiologic Disorders, Psychophysiology, Regression Analysis, Self Concept, Weight Loss
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