Liquid-liquid phase separation in Alzheimer’s disease
Abstract
The pathological aggregation and misfolding of tau and amyloid-β play a key role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Emerging evidences indicate that liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has great impacts on regulating human health and diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases. A series of studies have revealed the significance of LLPS in AD. In this review, we summarize the latest progress of LLPS in AD, focusing on the impact of metal ions, small-molecule inhibitors, and proteinaceous partners on tau LLPS and aggregation, as well as toxic oligomerization, the role of LLPS on amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation, and the cross-interactions between amyloidogenic proteins in AD. Eventually, the fundamental methods and techniques used in LLPS study are introduced. We expect to present readers a deeper understanding of the relationship between LLPS and AD.
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Phosphorylation and acetylation have been demonstrated to exert a regulatory effect on liquid-liquid phase separation.
“Phosphorylation and acetylation have been demonstrated to exert a regulatory effect on LLPS [58,59,60,61].”
From Role of Tau Protein in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Development of Its Targeted Drugs: A Literature Review (2024) · cites this paper as [61]
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The Enigma of Tau Protein Aggregation: Mechanistic Insights and Future Challenges
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“Phosphorylation and acetylation have been demonstrated to exert a regulatory effect on LLPS [58–61].”
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- Authors
- Fu, Q., Zhang, B., Chen, X., & Chu, L.
- Affiliations
- Tongji Hospital (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Chu, Liang
- Venue
- Journal of Molecular Medicine
- Published
- 2024-01-02
- Volume
- 102
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 167-181
- ISSN
- 0946-2716 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-1440
- OpenAlex
- W4390498558
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 186
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 9
- FWCI
- 1.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Molecular Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (82172971)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Keywords
- liquid-liquid phase separation, Alzheimer's disease, tau protein, amyloid-beta, protein aggregation, metal ions, small molecule inhibitors, neurodegenerative diseases
- MeSH terms
- Phase Separation, Alzheimer Disease, Humans, Amyloid beta-Peptides
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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