A long-term high-protein diet markedly reduces adipose tissue without major side effects in Wistar male rats
Abstract
Although there is a considerable interest of high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets to manage weight control, their safety is still the subject of considerable debate. They are suspected to be detrimental to the renal and hepatic functions, calcium balance, and insulin sensitivity. However, the long-term effects of a high-protein diet on a broad range of parameters have not been investigated. We studied the effects of a high-protein diet in rats over a period of 6 mo. Forty-eight Wistar male rats received either a normal-protein (NP: 14% protein) or high-protein (HP: 50% protein) diet. Detailed body composition, plasma hormones and nutrients, liver and kidney histopathology, hepatic markers of oxidative stress and detoxification, and the calcium balance were investigated. No major alterations of the liver and kidneys were found in HP rats, whereas NP rats exhibited massive hepatic steatosis. The calcium balance was unchanged, and detoxification markers (GSH and GST) were enhanced moderately in the HP group. In contrast, HP rats showed a sharp reduction in white adipose tissue and lower basal concentrations of triglycerides, glucose, leptin, and insulin. Our study suggests that the long-term consumption of an HP diet in male rats has no deleterious effects and could prevent metabolic syndrome.
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High-protein diets tend to suppress food intake in both humans and rodents.
“High-protein diets tend to suppress food intake in both humans and rodents”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [63]
Some studies suggest that rats will consume and grow rather well on high-protein diets if given sufficient time to adapt to the diet.
“some studies suggest that rats will consume and grow rather well on high-protein diets if given sufficient time to adapt to the diet”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [63]
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FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference
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- Authors
- Lacroix, M., Gaudichon, C., Martin, A., Morens, C., Mathé, V., Tomé, D., & Huneau, J.-F.
- Affiliations
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (FR)
- Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (FR)
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2004-10
- Volume
- 287
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- R934-R942
- ISSN
- 0363-6119 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1490
- OpenAlex
- W1995086609
- Cited by
- 161
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 4.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- high-protein diet, low-carbohydrate diet, white adipose tissue, body composition, hepatic steatosis, liver histopathology, kidney histopathology, oxidative stress, detoxification enzymes, glutathione, glutathione S-transferase, calcium balance, insulin, leptin, triglycerides, metabolic syndrome, weight management, long-term dietary effects
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Animals, Body Composition, Body Weight, Calcium, Diet, Dietary Proteins, Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase, Glutathione, Glutathione Transferase, Hydrocortisone, Insulin, Kidney, Liver, Male, RNA, Messenger, Biomarkers, Rats, Wistar, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances, DNA Primers, Oxidative Stress, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Leptin, Rats
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