Selective depletion of cortical noradrenaline by anti-dopamine beta-hydroxylase-saporin impairs attentional function and enhances the effects of guanfacine in the rat
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Rationale Previous data indicate that depletion of cortical noradrenaline (NA) impairs performance of an attentional five-choice serial reaction time task (5CSRT) under certain conditions. This study employed a novel immunotoxin, anti-dopamine-beta hydroylase (DbetaH)-saporin, to make relatively selective lesions of the noradrenergic projections to the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in rats trained to perform the 5CSRT.Objectives The aim of this work is to examine (1) the effect of cortical noradrenaline depletion on sustained attentional performance in the 5CSRT under a variety of test conditions and (2) the effects of guanfacine, a selective alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist on attentional performance in sham and NA-depleted rats.Materials and methods Animals received either intramedial prefrontal anti-DbetaH-saporin or vehicle and were tested on the baseline task with a variety of additional manipulations including (1) decreasing target duration, (2) increasing rate and (3) temporal unpredictability of target presentation and (4) systemic guanfacine.Results Anti-DbetaH-saporin infused into the PFC produced a substantial loss of DbetaH-positive fibers in that region and in other adjacent cortical areas. There was no significant depletion of DA or 5-HT. NA-depleted animals were not impaired on the baseline task, but were slower to respond correctly under high event rate conditions, and their discriminative accuracy was reduced when stimulus predictability decreased. Guanfacine significantly reduced discriminative accuracy in NA-depleted animals only.Conclusion Selective cortical NA depletion produced deficits on the 5CSRT test of sustained attention, especially when the attentional load was increased and in response to systemic guanfacine. These results are consistent with a role of coeruleo-cortical NA in the regulation of effortful attentional processes.
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Depleting norepinephrine in the PFC decreases attention.
“Conversely, depleting norepinephrine in the PFC decreases attention (Carli et al 1983, Milstein et al 2007).”
From Prefrontal cortex executive processes affected by stress in health and disease (2018) · cites this paper as Milstein et al 2007
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- Authors
- Milstein, J. A., Lehmann, O., Theobald, D. E. H., Dalley, J. W., & Robbins, T. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Robbins, Trevor W.
- Venue
- Psychopharmacology
- Published
- 2006-11-10
- Volume
- 190
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 51-63
- ISSN
- 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-2072
- PMC
- PMC1892793
- OpenAlex
- W2115974881
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (076244)
- Medical Research Council
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- immunotoxins, prefrontal cortex, sustained attention, 5-choice serial reaction time task, guanfacine, alpha-2 adrenergic agonists, discriminative accuracy, attentional load
- MeSH terms
- Saporins, Adrenergic alpha-Agonists, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Arousal, Attention, Brain, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Choice Behavior, Discrimination Learning, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Locus Coeruleus, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Nerve Fibers, Nerve Net, Norepinephrine, Rats, Inbred Strains, Reaction Time, Serial Learning, Stimulation, Chemical, Guanfacine, Prefrontal Cortex, Rats, Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1
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