Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Program Shows Potential in Reducing Symptoms of Depression and Stress Among Young People with ASD
Open accessAbstract
We examined the efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) delivered in groups on the reduction of symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in young people on the autism spectrum. Utilising a quasi-experimental design, comparisons were made between individuals allocated to a group intervention program and individuals allocated to a waitlist. Following the intervention program, participants who were initially symptomatic reported significantly lower depression and stress scores on the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in comparison to individuals on the waitlist. There was no significant change in anxiety related symptoms. The benefits were maintained at 3 and 9 month follow-up. Our findings demonstrate the potential of CBT in a small group setting for assisting young people with ASD who have symptoms of depression and stress.
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For autistic people, co-occurring mental health difficulties can lead to negative outcomes including poor quality of life.
“For autistic people, co-occurring mental health difficulties can lead to negative outcomes including poor quality of life3–5”
From Approaches to improving mental healthcare for autistic people: Systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [3]
In that trial, participants with more significant depressive symptoms at baseline experienced greater symptom reduction over time.
“However, participants with more significant depressive symptoms at baseline experienced greater symptom reduction over time (McGillivray & Evert, 2014).”
From Community-guided, autism-adapted group cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in autistic youth (CBT-DAY): Preliminary feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy (2024) · cites this paper as McGillivray & Evert, 2014
Only two studies have tested the efficacy of group CBT in treating depressive symptoms in autistic youth and adults.
“Of those studies, only two studies tested the efficacy of group CBT in treating depressive symptoms in autistic youth and adults (McGillivray & Evert, 2014; Santomauro et al., 2016).”
From Community-guided, autism-adapted group cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in autistic youth (CBT-DAY): Preliminary feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy (2024) · cites this paper as McGillivray & Evert, 2014
Both prior trials were underpowered to assess the effects of interest.
“Despite this emerging evidence base, both trials were underpowered to assess the effects of interest; this may be explained, in part, by recruitment difficulties in one trial (Santomauro et al., 2016) and limited information on intervention acceptability and floor effects from participants without current depressive symptoms in the other trial (McGillivray & Evert, 2014).”
From Community-guided, autism-adapted group cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in autistic youth (CBT-DAY): Preliminary feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy (2024) · cites this paper as McGillivray & Evert, 2014
In a non-randomized trial of 26 autistic youth and adults (15-25 years old; mean age = 20) receiving 9 weeks of group CBT, there was no significant effect for the Group × Time interaction.
“In the first non-randomized trial, 26 autistic youth and adults (15–25 years old; mean age = 20) participated in 9 weeks of group CBT and results indicated no significant effect for the Group × Time interaction (McGillivray & Evert, 2014).”
From Community-guided, autism-adapted group cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in autistic youth (CBT-DAY): Preliminary feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy (2024) · cites this paper as McGillivray & Evert, 2014
McGillivray and Evert found a significant effect of time but not of treatment group on depression scores in a quasi-experimental evaluation of group CBT versus wait list in 32 young autistic adults.
“McGillivray and Evert 38 conducted a quasi-experimental evaluation of group CBT versus wait list for depression and anxiety in 32 young autistic adults who scored in the clinical range on a mood or anxiety questionnaire. There was a significant effect of time but not of treatment group in terms of a reduction in scores on the depression measure.”
From Guided self-help for depression in autistic adults: The ADEPT feasibility RCT (2019) · cites this paper as [38]
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- Authors
- McGillivray, J. A., & Evert, H. T.
- Affiliations
- Deakin University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- McGillivray, J. A.
- ORCID
- McGillivray, J. A.
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2014-03-15
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2041-2051
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- OpenAlex
- W2031028051
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 6
- FWCI
- 4.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Deakin Research Online (Deakin University) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- State Government of Victoria
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- group cognitive behavioral therapy, autism spectrum disorder, depression, stress, anxiety, youth, waitlist control, treatment efficacy, symptom maintenance
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Autistic Disorder, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Psychotherapy, Group, Stress, Psychological, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Asperger Syndrome, Young Adult
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