Acute stress response to a cognitive task in patients with major depressive disorder: Potential metabolic and proinflammatory biomarkers
Abstract
Responses of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA), immune system and metabolic pathways are involved in adaptation to stress, while alterations in these responses have been implicated in the development of major depressive disorder (MDD). Multiple laboratory indices are known to react in response to the acute stress, however, no valid biomarkers have been reported, which can differentiate stress response in depressed individuals. The aim of this study was to assess changes in a set of laboratory parameters in patients with MDD in response to a moderate mental stress and to find potential markers of altered stress reactivity associated with depression. A group of 33 MDD patients and 43 control subjects underwent clinical evaluation to assess depression and anxiety symptoms, as well as heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. Participants were asked to perform a time constrained cognitive task, and selected hormones (cortisol, ACTH), cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α), neurotrophic factors (BDNF, CNTF) and metabolic parameters (glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides) were measured before and 60 min after the task performance. HRV analysis showed increased sympathetic input in MDD patients. The MDD group manifested an elevated HPAA activity as well as IL-6 and CNTF levels at baseline. A specific stress-induced increase in glucose and TNF-α was revealed in the MDD group, which was absent in control subjects. The data confirm the impairments of stress response in MDD and suggest that the reaction of simple metabolic and pro-inflammatory indices to a mild stressogenic challenge may be indicative of a depressive state.
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Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-alpha, have been linked to depression.
“pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, have been linked to depression [185].”
From Biological, Psychological, and Social Determinants of Depression: A Review of Recent Literature (2021) · cites this paper as [185]
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Biological, Psychological, and Social Determinants of Depression: A Review of Recent Literature
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- Authors
- Druzhkova, T., Pochigaeva, K., Yakovlev, A., Kazimirova, E., Grishkina, M., Chepelev, A., Guekht, A., & Gulyaeva, N.
- Affiliations
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry (RU)
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RU)
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RU)
- Corresponding author
- Gulyaeva, Natalia
- Venue
- Metabolic Brain Disease
- Published
- 2018-12-18
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 621-629
- ISSN
- 0885-7490 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7365
- OpenAlex
- W2904696848
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 2.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Metabolic Brain Disease (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Russian Science Foundation (14-25-00136.)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, acute stress response, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, pro-inflammatory markers, cytokines, interleukin-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, connective tissue growth factor, cortisol, ACTH, heart rate variability, sympathetic nervous system, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, stress reactivity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anxiety, Cognition, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Middle Aged, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Stress, Psychological, Biomarkers, Cytokines
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