Corticosteroids and cognition: a meta-analysis
Abstract
A thorough understanding of the cognitive effects of corticosteroids is essential given their frequency of use. This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of corticosteroids on the various domains of cognitive functioning, grouped by duration of use. An electronic search of PsycInfo, Medline and Google Scholar was conducted for all journal articles published between January 1990 and May 2018. Twenty six studies were included enabling calculation of standardised mean difference (SMD) using a random effects model for the cognitive domains of divided attention, executive function, expressive language, immediate memory, processing speed, recent memory, sustained attention, very long term memory and working memory. Results revealed that corticosteroids had a modest, negative effect on executive function for acute users, recent memory for short term and chronic users, and very long term memory for acute users. Corticosteroids had a small, significant, positive effect on expressive language for short term users.
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Both endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoid excess acting on mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors expressed by neurons in the central nervous system have been shown to directly alter the structure and functioning of the brain.
“Both endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoid excess on MR and GR expressed by neurons in the CNS have been shown directly alter the structure and functioning of the brain (429–431).”
From Signalling cognition: The gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (2023) · cites this paper as [430]
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Signalling cognition: The gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
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Long-term effects of glucocorticoid excess on the brain
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- Authors
- Prado, C. E., & Crowe, S. F.
- Affiliations
- La Trobe University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Crowe, Simon F.
- ORCID
- Crowe, Simon F.
- Venue
- Neuropsychology Review
- Published
- 2019-05-26
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 288-312
- ISSN
- 1040-7308 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6660
- OpenAlex
- W2944889550
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 120
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5
- FWCI
- 0.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropsychology Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- corticosteroids, cognitive effects, executive function, memory, divided attention, sustained attention, processing speed, working memory, expressive language, glucocorticoids
- MeSH terms
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Attention, Cognition, Humans, Memory, Neuropsychological Tests, Executive Function
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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