Glucocorticoid-induced impairment in declarative memory performance in adult humans
Open accessAbstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) have a variety of effects on the brain including site-preferential, inhibitory effects on hippocampal neurons. In the case of dexamethasone (DEX), extended rather than single-dose treatment in vivo may be required for binding to brain rather than peripheral (e.g., pituitary) GC receptors and for maximizing other biologic effects in hippocampus (e.g., GC receptor downregulation, inhibition of glucose transport). Based on the contributory role of hippocampal neurons in declarative memory performance, we investigated the cognitive consequences of DEX treatment in normal adult human subjects, hypothesizing a decrease in declarative memory performance after extended but not overnight treatment. Double-blind, placebo-controlled treatment with DEX was given at 2300 hr for four consecutive days (0.5, 1, 1, 1 mg, respectively). Plasma sampling (0800 and 1600 hr) and cognitive testing (1600 hr) were performed on study days 0 (baseline), 1, and 4, and 7 d posttreatment. Repeated-measures ANOVA found a significant interaction between study day and treatment condition for correct recall during a paragraph recall task [F(3,51) = 3.52, p = 0.02]. DEX (n = 10) in comparison to placebo (n = 9) treatment decreased correct paragraph recall on study day 4 [F(1,17) = 5.01, p = 0.04] and study day 11 [F(1,17) = 5.82, p = 0.03], with the lowest level of performance occurring on day 4 followed by a return toward baseline performance level by day 11. In the placebo-treated subjects, correct paragraph recall improved over the course of treatment, consistent with practice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Several studies have highlighted deleterious effects of exogenous glucocorticoids on cognition.
“Several studies have highlighted the deleterious effects of these drugs on cognition (423–428).”
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- Authors
- Newcomer, J., Craft, S., Hershey, T., Askins, K., & Bardgett, M.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 1994-04-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 2047-2053
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6577116
- OpenAlex
- W1573050736
- Cited by
- 441
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 8.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1k20mh001045-01)
- National Institute on Aging (AG10880)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH14677, MH-01045, T32MH014677)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- glucocorticoids, dexamethasone, declarative memory, hippocampus, cognitive impairment, memory consolidation, glucose transport inhibition
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Cognition, Corticosterone, Dexamethasone, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Memory, Memory, Short-Term, Placebos, Reference Values, Time Factors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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