The relationship of impulsivity and cortical thickness in depressed and non-depressed adolescents
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is recognized to be heterogeneous in terms of brain structure abnormality findings across studies, which might reflect previously unstudied traits that confer variability to neuroimaging measurements. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between different types of trait impulsivity and MDD diagnosis on adolescent brain structure. We predicted that adolescents with depression who were high on trait impulsivity would have more abnormal cortical structure than depressed patients or non-MDD who were low on impulsivity. We recruited 58 subjects, including 29 adolescents (ages 12-19) with a primary DSM-IV diagnosis of MDD and a history of suicide attempt and 29 demographically-matched healthy control participants. Our GLM-based analyses sought to describe differences in the linear relationships between cortical thickness and impulsivity trait levels. As hypothesized, we found significant moderation effects in rostral middle frontal gyrus and right paracentral lobule cortical thickness for different subscales of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. However, although these brain-behavior relationships differed between diagnostic study groups, they were not simple additive effects as we had predicted. For the middle frontal gyrus, non-MDD participants showed a strong positive association between cortical thickness and BIS-11 Motor scores, while MDD-diagnosed participants showed a negative association. For Non-Planning Impulsiveness, paracentral lobule cortical thickness was observed with greater impulsivity in MDD, but no association was found for controls. In conclusion, the findings confirm that dimensions of impulsivity have discrete neural correlates, and show that relationships between impulsivity and brain structure are expressed differently in adolescents with MDD compared to non-MDD.
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Among MDD suicide attempters, ventromedial PFC thickness correlates negatively with impulsivity.
“However, there is a negative correlation between ventromedial PFC thickness and impulsivity among MDD suicide attempters (57).”
From Neural correlates associated with suicide and nonsuicidal self-injury in youth (2021) · cites this paper as [57]
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- Authors
- Fradkin, Y., Khadka, S., Bessette, K. L., & Stevens, M. C.
- Affiliations
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- Hartford Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Stevens, Michael C.
- Venue
- Brain Imaging and Behavior
- Published
- 2016-10-13
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1515-1525
- ISSN
- 1931-7557 (ISSN-L)
- 1931-7565
- OpenAlex
- W2531249409
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 2.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Imaging and Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Foundation for Suicide Prevention
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, adolescent depression, trait impulsivity, cortical thickness, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, middle frontal gyrus, paracentral lobule, suicide attempts, brain-behavior relationship
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Cerebral Cortex, Child, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Impulsive Behavior, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Organ Size, Suicide, Attempted, Linear Models
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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