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Cited by 30Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPsychometric Methodologies and TestingMental Health Research Topics

Psychometric validation of the Persian version of the Emotional Style Questionnaire

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Nazari, Nabi, Griffiths, Mark D.·2022·Current Psychology
DOI 10.1007/s12144-020-01205-1PMC PMC7690336
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Abstract

Emotions play a central role in scientific models of decision-making, human development, interpersonal processes, psychopathology, and well-being. The Emotional Style Questionnaire (ESQ) is a novel and multifaceted psychometric scale that assesses the dimensions of individual's emotional styles. The present study evaluated the validity and factor structure of the Persian ESQ. The original version of the ESQ was translated and back-translated into Persian, followed by a pilot study. A sample of university students and staff participated in a survey (n = 822) which included the ESQ, Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS), World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Results showed that the Persian ESQ had very good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient: 0.84; Composite reliability = 0.89) and adequate test-retest reliability after four weeks (intraclass coefficient, r = .71 with 95% CI [.63, .77]). The confirmatory factor analysis model fitted the data well (χ 2/df = 2.86, CFI = .970, SRMR = .046, PCLOSE = .85 > .05, RMSEA = .048, 90% CI [.043, .053]). Also, measurement invariance indicated the ESQ had acceptable construct validity among different groups. As for criterion-related validity, the ESQ positively correlated with scores on the WHOQOL-BREF (r = .76) and PANAS-positive affect (r = .62), and negatively correlated with the scores on the OASIS (r = -.68), DERS (r = -.39), and PANAS-negative affect (r = -72). The findings provide evidence that the ESQ is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing healthy emotionality among Persian speaking individuals. The Persian ESQ can be used in psychological intervention and clinical research in Iran and other Persian-speaking countries. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-020-01205-1.

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  • Self-efficacy can affect performance via goal orientation, and performance impacts self-efficacy again.

    “Interestingly, Self-efficacy can affect performance via goal orientation, and performance impacts self-efficacy again (Nazari, 2020; Lishinski et al., 2016).”

    From Application of Artificial Intelligence powered digital writing assistant in higher education: randomized controlled trial (2021) · cites this paper as Nazari, 2020

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Sorted by citations

Authors
Nazari, N., & Griffiths, M. D.
Affiliations
  • Lorestan University (IR)
  • Nottingham Trent University (GB)
Corresponding author
Nazari, Nabi
ORCID
Venue
Current Psychology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2020-11-26
Volume
41
Issue
8
Pages
5758-5770
ISSN
  • 1046-1310 (ISSN-L)
  • 1936-4733
DOI
10.1007/s12144-020-01205-1
PMC
PMC7690336
OpenAlex
W3107571292
Cited by
30
References
26
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6
FWCI
3.64
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Current Psychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository) (acceptedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
Keywords
Persian translation, cross-cultural adaptation, emotional style, emotionality, factor structure, measurement invariance, test-retest reliability, internal consistency, anxiety, quality of life, emotional dysregulation, positive and negative affect

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