Insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Ovalle, Fernando; Azziz, Ricardo

doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03111-4

Cited by 428Ovarian function and disordersDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsGestational Diabetes Research and Management

Insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Ovalle, Fernando, Azziz, Ricardo·2002·Fertility and Sterility

DOI 10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03111-4

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Abstract

Objective To review the definition and prevalence of two insulin resistance (IR)-associated phenotypes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as the risk and nature of their simultaneous presentation.Design Review of published literature.Result(s) Insulin resistance affects between 10% and 25% of the general population. Two common disorders frequently associated with IR are PCOS, affecting 4% to 6% of reproductive-aged women, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is observed in about 2% to 6% of similarly aged women. Overall, about 50% to 70% of women with PCOS and 80% to 100% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have variable degrees of IR. Insulin resistance and its secondary hyperinsulinemia appear to underlie many of the endocrine features of PCOS in a large proportion of such patients. The risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among PCOS patients is 5- to 10-fold higher than normal. In turn, the risk of PCOS among reproductive-aged type 2 diabetes mellitus patients appears to be similarly increased.Conclusion(s) It remains to be determined whether PCOS and type 2 diabetes mellitus represent no more than different clinical manifestations of the same IR syndrome, with their phenotypic differences due to the presence or absence of a coincidental genetic defect at the level of the ovary or pancreas, respectively, or representing the result of etiologically different subtypes of IR syndromes.

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Reported prevalence of insulin resistance in women with PCOS varies from 44% to 70%, mostly because of different methods used to assess it.
“Reported prevalence of IR in women with PCOS varies from 44% to 70% [19] mostly because of different methods used to assess it [20].”
From From Prediabetes to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Lifestyle and Pharmacological Management (2020) · cites this paper as [19]

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Authors: Ovalle, F., & Azziz, R.
Affiliations: University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
Corresponding author: Azziz, Ricardo
ORCID: Ovalle, Fernando
Azziz, Ricardo
Venue: Fertility and Sterility
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2002-06
Volume: 77
Issue: 6
Pages: 1095-1105
ISSN: 0015-0282 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03111-4
OpenAlex: W1984254712
Cited by: 428
References: 90
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 26
FWCI: 2.99
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 7300 d)
Locations: Fertility and Sterility (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Public Health Service (K24-D01346)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD029364, R01-HD29364)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
Keywords: insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome, type 2 diabetes, hyperinsulinemia, PCOS prevalence, women of reproductive age, metabolic syndrome
MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Europe, Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Terminology as Topic, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Risk Factors, United States, Prevalence

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Insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus

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