Cited by 1,163Personality Traits and PsychologyPsychological Testing and AssessmentPsychometric Methodologies and Testing

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Age norms for impulsiveness, venturesomeness and empathy in adults

Eysenck, Sybil B.G., Pearson, P.R., Easting, G., Allsopp, J.F.·1985·Personality and Individual Differences

DOI 10.1016/0191-8869(85)90011-x

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Eysenck, 1981, Impulsiveness and antisocial behaviour in children, Curr. Psychol. Res., 1, 31, 10.1007/BF02684423 · DOI
Eysenck, 1963, On the dual nature of Extraversion, Br. J. soc. clin. Psychol., 2, 46, 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1963.tb00375.x · DOI
Eysenck, 1978, Impulsiveness and Venturesomeness: their postion in a dimensional system of personality description, Psychol. Rep., 43, 1247, 10.2466/pr0.1978.43.3f.1247 · DOI
Eysenck, 1980, Impulsiveness and Venturesomeness in children, Person. individ. Diff., 1, 73, 10.1016/0191-8869(80)90006-9 · DOI
Eysenck, 1984, Age norms for Impulsiveness, Venturesomeness and Empathy in children, Person. individ. Diff., 5, 315, 10.1016/0191-8869(84)90070-9 · DOI
Eysenck, 1985, A revised version of the Psychoticism scale, Person. individ. Diff., 6, 21, 10.1016/0191-8869(85)90026-1 · DOI · Paper page

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Inducing impulsivity leads high and low restrained eaters into overeating, whereas current dieters stick to their diet.
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“The themes in the stories are believed to reflect impulsivity because they were based on items of two widely used impulsivity questionnaires: the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS; Patton, Stanford, & Barratt, 1995) and Eysenck’s I7 (Eysenck et al., 1985).”
Effect of religion and religiosity on alcohol use in a college student sample.
Patock-Peckham, J., Hutchinson, G., Cheong, J., & Nagoshi, C. (1998) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(97)00142-7 · Cited by 181
Gambling as a form of risk-taking: Individual differences in personality, risk-accepting attitudes, and behavioral preferences for risk.
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The components of impulsiveness: A comparison of the I.7 impulsiveness questionnaire and the Barratt impulsiveness scale
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Gambling Activities of Young Australians: Developing a Model of Behaviour
Moore, S., & Ohtsuka, K. (2004) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1023/a:1024979232287 · Cited by 178
“The measures used were designed by Eysenck et al. (1985) and show good reliability and validity (Eysenck, Pearson, Easting, & Allsopp, 1985).”
Method
Cigarette smoking in a student sample: Neurocognitive and clinical correlates
Dinn, W. M., Ayçiçeği, A., & Caldwell‐Harris, C. L. (2003) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2003.07.001 · Cited by 163
Social Impulsivity Inversely Associated with CSF 5-HIAA and Fluoxetine Exposure in Vervet Monkeys
Fairbanks, L., Melega, W., Jorgensen, M., Kaplan, J., & Mcguire, M. (2001) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(00)00211-6 · Cited by 174
“Human studies typically use self-report interviews or questionnaires, but the different inventories designed to measure this construct frequently do not correlate highly with one another (Barratt 1994; Eysenck et al. 1985; Parker and Bagby 1997).”
Background
Alcohol norms and expectations as predictors of alcohol use and problems in a college student sample.
Wood, M. D., Nagoshi, C., & Dennis, D. A. (1992) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.3109/00952999209051042 · Cited by 174
Development of an automatic response mode to improve the clinical utility of sequential risk-taking tasks.
Pleskac, T., Wallsten, T., Wang, P., & Lejuez, C. (2008) · Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/a0014245 · Cited by 172
“Internal consistency for the subscale is good ( .84; Eysenck et al., 1985), and is consistent across males and females.”
Background
Error processing and response inhibition in excessive computer game players: an event‐related potential study
Littel, M., van den Berg, I., Luijten, M., van Rooij, A. J., Keemink, L. M., & Franken, I. (2012) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1369-1600.2012.00467.x · Cited by 171
“In order to measure impulsivity, a Dutch translation of The Eysenck Impulsiveness Questionnaire (I7; Eysenck et al. 1985; Lijffijt, Caci & Kenemans 2005a) was used.”
Method
How to Score the Sexual Experiences Survey? A Comparison of Nine Methods
Davis, K., Gilmore, A. K., Stappenbeck, C., Balsan, M., George, W., & Norris, J. (2014) · Psychology of Violence · doi:10.1037/a0037494 · Cited by 168
Positive and negative schizotypy in a student sample: neurocognitive and clinical correlates.
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Stress, depression, irrational beliefs, and alcohol use and problems in a college student sample.
Camatta, C. D., & Nagoshi, C. (1995) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1995.tb01482.x · Cited by 168
Measuring Impulsivity and Modeling Its Association With Cigarette Smoking
Mitchell, S. H. (2004) · Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews · doi:10.1177/1534582305276838 · Cited by 144
The importance of impulse purchasing behaviour in the international airport environment
Crawford, G., & Melewar, T. (2003) · Journal of Consumer Behaviour · doi:10.1002/cb.124 · Cited by 166
Examining procrastination across multiple goal stages: a longitudinal study of temporal motivation theory.
Steel, P., Svartdal, F., Thundiyil, T., & Brothen, T. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00327 · Cited by 165
“We employed the I7 scale (Eysenck et al., 1985), to measure impulsiveness, which assesses the broad understanding of the construct (Revelle, 1997).”
Method
Moderation of Resource Depletion in the Self-Control Strength Model: Differing Effects of Two Modes of Self-Control
Dvorak, R., & Simons, J. (2009) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167208330855 · Cited by 164
“Impulsivity (α = .66) was assessed with a five-item reduced scale adapted from Eysenck et al. (1985) and contains items such as, “Do you mostly speak before thinking things out?” which are answered with a dichotomous (yes–no) response.”
Method
Präferenz für Intuition und Deliberation (PID)
Betsch, C. (2004) · Zeitschrift für Differentielle und Diagnostische Psychologie · doi:10.1024/0170-1789.25.4.179 · Cited by 161
Cognitive failures as predictors of driving errors, lapses, and violations
Wickens, C. M., Toplak, M. E., & Wiesenthal, D. L. (2008) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2008.01.006 · Cited by 157
“A modiﬁed subscale of the I 7 Impulsivity Questionnaire (Eysenck et al., 1985) was included.”
Personality, the Dark Triad and violence
Pailing, A., Boon, J., & Egan, V. (2014) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.11.018 · Cited by 162
An analogue investigation of the relationships among perceived parental criticism, negative affect, and borderline personality disorder features: the role of thought suppression
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Impulsivity and Substance Abuse: What Is the Connection?
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Effects of Energy Drinks Mixed with Alcohol on Behavioral Control: Risks for College Students Consuming Trendy Cocktails
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“The Eysenck Impulsiveness Questionnaire (Eysenck et al., 1985) assesses impulsiveness by posing 19 yes-no questions.”
Method
Construct Validity of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART): Relationship with MDMA Use by Inner-City Drug Users in Residential Treatment
Hopko, D. R., Lejuez, C. W., Daughters, S. B., Aklin, W. M., Osborne, A., Simmons, B. L., & Strong, D. R. (2006) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-006-7487-5 · Cited by 154
“Internal consistency of this 19-item subscale (scores ranged from 0 to 19, with higher scores indicating higher levels of impulsivity) has been supported in previous research (α = .84; Eysenck et al., 1985 ), although it was somewhat lower in the present study (α = .70).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
An experience sampling study of associations between affect and alcohol use and problems among college students.
Simons, J., Gaher, R. M., Oliver, M. N. I., Bush, J., & Palmer, M. (2005) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.2005.66.459 · Cited by 160
Heterogeneous inhibition processes involved in different facets of self-reported impulsivity: Evidence from a community sample
Gay, P., Rochat, L., Billieux, J., d’Acremont, M., & Van der Linden, M. (2008) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2008.08.010 · Cited by 159
“Different measures of impulsivity have been found to decrease with age (Caci et al., 2005; Deakin, Aitken, Robbins, & Sahakian, 2004; Eysenck, Pearson, Easting, & Allsopp, 1985 ) and to be higher for men than for women (Billieux et al., 2008; Deakin et al., 2004; Schmidt, Gay, d’Acremont, & Van der Linden, 2008; Van d…”
Background
Genetic and environmental influences on impulsivity: A meta-analysis of twin, family and adoption studies
Bezdjian, S., Baker, L. A., & Tuvblad, C. (2011) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2011.07.005 · Cited by 158
“A few examples include the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (Barratt, 1985), the Eysenck Impulsiveness Scale (Eysenck et al., 1985), the Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale (Zuckerman, 1979), and the Thurstone Temperament Schedule (Thurstone, 1950).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Impulsivity, risk taking and recreational ‘ecstasy’ (MDMA) use
Butler, G., & Montgomery, A. M. J. (2004) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.04.003 · Cited by 153
Cognition and emotion
Eysenck, M. W., & Keane, M. T. (2018) · Scholarpedia · doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.4567 · Cited by 155
“Reactivity (impulsiveness) was de ﬁ ned by four indicators: (1) 5 items from the Eysenck impulsivity scale (Eysenck, Pearson, Easting, & Allsopp, 1985), (2) a 7-item motor impulsivity subscale (Patton, Stanford, & Barrett, 1995), (3) an 8-item attention impulsivity scale (Patton et al., 1995), and…”
Method
A Neurogenetic Approach to Impulsivity
Congdon, E. L., & Canli, T. (2008) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00528.x · Cited by 150
“According to S. B. Eysenck, impulsivity and venturesomeness may represent unconscious and conscious forms of risk taking, respectively (Eysenck et al., 1985).”
Background
The construction and preliminary validation of a scale for measuring emotional control.
Roger, D., & Nesshoever, W. (1987) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(87)90215-7 · Cited by 153
Risk taking differences on a behavioral task as a function of potential reward/loss magnitude and individual differences in impulsivity and sensation seeking
Bornovalova, M. A., Cashman-Rolls, A., O'Donnell, J. M., Ettinger, K., Richards, J. B., de Wit, H., & Lejuez, C. W. (2008) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2008.10.023 · Cited by 162
Personality, time of day and arousal
Wilson, G. (1990) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(90)90008-f · Cited by 151
Differences in risk‐taking propensity across inner‐city adolescent ever‐ and never‐smokers
Lejuez, C. W., Aklin, W. M., Bornovalova, M. A., & Moolchan, E. T. (2005) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/14622200412331328484 · Cited by 147
Psychopathy and impulsivity reconsidered
Poythress, N. G., & Hall, J. R. (2011) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.avb.2011.02.003 · Cited by 164
Divergent validity of measures of cognitive distortions, impulsivity, and time perspective in pathological gambling
MacKillop, J., Anderson, E. J., Castelda, B. A., Mattson, R. E., & Donovick, P. J. (2006) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-006-9021-9 · Cited by 146
“Eysenck Impulsivity Questionnaire (EIQ) The EIQ (Eysenck & Eysenck, 1978) is a 63-item, psychometrically validated (e.g. Eysenck et al., 1985) measure of impulsivity.”
Method
Characteristics of violent bars and bar patrons.
Quigley, B., Leonard, K., & Collins, R. (2003) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.2003.64.765 · Cited by 144
Personality disorders among pathological gamblers
Blaszczynski, A., & Steel, Z. (1998) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1023/a:1023098525869 · Cited by 143
“Attesting to the primacy of the narrow measure of impulsivity, Eysenck, Pearson, Easting and Allsopp (1985) removed the other three subscales from the most recent version of the impulsiveness questionnaire.”
Background
Empathy and recognition of facial expressions of emotion in sex offenders, non-sex offenders and normal controls.
Gery, I., Miljkovitch, R., Berthoz, S., & Soussignan, R. (2009) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.11.006 · Cited by 142
“Eysenck et al. (1985) reported an acceptable internal reliability (alpha=0.69) and published age norms for males (n=559) and females (n=761).”
Influential
Assessing the component structure of four self-report measures of impulsivity
Miller, E., Joseph, S., & Tudway, J. (2004) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2003.09.008 · Cited by 142
Individual differences in vigilance: Personality, ability and states of stress
Shaw, T. H., Matthews, G., Warm, J., Finomore, V., Silverman, L., & Costa, P. (2010) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2010.02.007 · Cited by 138
Age differences in three facets of empathy: performance-based evidence.
Richter, D., & Kunzmann, U. (2011) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/a0021138 · Cited by 135
Subtyping Pathological Gamblers Based on Impulsivity, Depression, and Anxiety
Ledgerwood, D. M., & Petry, N. M. (2010) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0019906 · Cited by 134
Problematic Internet use and other risky behaviors in college students: an application of problem-behavior theory.
Leo, J. D. D., & Wulfert, E. (2013) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0030823 · Cited by 133
Longitudinal trajectories of sensation seeking, risk taking propensity, and impulsivity across early to middle adolescence
Collado, A., Felton, J. W., MacPherson, L., & Lejuez, C. W. (2014) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.01.024 · Cited by 131
Response inhibition and its relation to multidimensional impulsivity
Wilbertz, T., Deserno, L., Horstmann, A., Neumann, J., Villringer, A., Heinze, H.-J., Boehler, C. N., & Schlagenhauf, F. (2014) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.09.021 · Cited by 128
Poor sleep quality and nightmares are associated with non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents
Liu, X., Chen, H., Bo, Q.-G., Fan, F., & Jia, C.-X. (2016) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-016-0885-7 · Cited by 148
“The Eysenck I7 impulsiveness scale [36] was used to assess adolescent’s impulsivity.”
Method
Individual differences in risk-propensity: Associations between personality and behavioral measures of risk
Mishra, S., & Lalumière, M. (2011) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2010.11.037 · Cited by 129
“Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990) argued that individuals who exhibit low self-control—a preference for immediate rewards at the cost of possible long-term negative consequences—tend to engage in a variety of risk-taking behaviors.”
Background
Relationship between circadian typology and functional and dysfunctional impulsivity
Adan, A., Natale, V., Caci, H., & Prat, G. (2010) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420521003663827 · Cited by 128
The Association Between Impulsivity, Trait Anger, and the Perpetration of Intimate Partner and General Violence Among Women Arrested for Domestic Violence
Shorey, R. C., Brasfield, H., Febres, J., & Stuart, G. L. (2011) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260510388289 · Cited by 128
Impulsive and compulsive traits in eating disordered patients compared with controls
Claes, L., Vandereycken, W., & Vertommen, H. (2002) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(01)00071-x · Cited by 128
Dynamic Integration of Emotion and Cognition: Equilibrium Regulation in Development and Aging
Labouvie‐Vief, G., Grühn, D., & Studer, J. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470880166.hlsd002004 · Cited by 152
Paraphilic Interests
Dawson, S. J., Bannerman, B., & Lalumière, M. L. (2014) · Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1177/1079063214525645 · Cited by 180
“83 for men and women, respectively, for the impulsiveness factor (Eysenck et al., 1985).”
Background
Eating‐disordered patients with and without self‐injurious behaviours: a comparison of psychopathological features
Claes, L., Vandereycken, W., & Vertommen, H. (2003) · European Eating Disorders Review · doi:10.1002/erv.510 · Cited by 126
Self-injurious behaviors in eating-disordered patients.
Claes, L., Vandereycken, W., & Vertommen, H. (2001) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/s1471-0153(01)00033-2 · Cited by 124
Impulsivity-like traits and risky driving behaviors among college students
Pearson, M. R., Murphy, E. M., & Doane, A. N. (2013) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.01.009 · Cited by 123
Measuring road rage: development of the Propensity for Angry Driving Scale
DePasquale, J. P., Geller, E. S., Clarke, S. W., & Littleton, L. C. (2001) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-4375(00)00050-5 · Cited by 129
Antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy in women: a literature review on the reliability and validity of assessment instruments.
Dolan, M., & Völlm, B. (2009) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2008.11.002 · Cited by 122
Neuropsychological Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) and Behavioral Approach System (BAS) Assessment: A Shortened Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire Version (SPSRQ–20)
Aluja, A., & Blanch, À. (2011) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2011.608760 · Cited by 121
“Eysenck, Pearson, Easting, & Allsopp, 1985 ), Neuroticism, Extraversion and Openness Five Factor Inventory (NEO–FFI; Costa & McCrae, 1992 ), and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scales (BIS–10; Barratt, 1985 ).”
Background
Dispositional correlates of addictive behaviors in college women: Binge eating and heavy drinking
Benjamin, L., & Wulfert, E. (2004) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2003.08.001 · Cited by 110
Psychological Processes Underlying Risky Decisions in Drug Abusers.
Stout, J. C., Rock, S. L., Campbell, M. C., Busemeyer, J. R., & Finn, P. (2005) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/0893-164x.19.2.148 · Cited by 110
Dark side of impulsivity — Associations between the Dark Triad, self-report and behavioral measures of impulsivity
Malesza, M., & Ostaszewski, P. (2015) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2015.09.016 · Cited by 120
Delay and probability discounting in pathological gamblers with and without a history of substance use problems
Andrade, L. F., & Petry, N. M. (2011) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2508-9 · Cited by 120
“This measure has good psychometric properties (Eysenck et al. 1985; Luengo et al. 1991), and has been widely used in studies with gamblers (e.g., Alessi and Petry 2003; Krueger et al. 2005; Petry 2001a The delay-discounting estimation procedure used is identical to the method proposed by Kirby and…”
The Empathy Quotient: A cross-cultural comparison of the Italian version
Preti, A., Vellante, M., Baron‐Cohen, S., Zucca, G., Петретто, Д. Р., & Masala, C. (2010) · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1080/13546801003790982 · Cited by 116
“Also, an Italian version of Eysenck , Pearson, Easting, and Allsopp's impulsiveness, venturesomeness, and empathy questionnaire (1985) is available, and used in studies of clinical samples (Martinotti, Di Nicola, Tedeschi, Cundari, & Janiri, 2009 ), but in this scale empathy is measured as a unitary facet, which is un…”
Method
Mixing an energy drink with an alcoholic beverage increases motivation for more alcohol in college students
Marczinski, C. A., Fillmore, M. T., Henges, A. L., Ramsey, M. A., & Young, C. R. (2013) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01868.x · Cited by 118
“The Eysenck Impulsiveness Questionnaire (Eysenck et al., 1985) assesses impulsivity by posing 19 yes/no questions.”
Method
Alcohol Expectancies and Drinking Refusal Self‐Efficacy Mediate the Association of Impulsivity With Alcohol Misuse
Gullo, M. J., Dawe, S., Kambouropoulos, N., Staiger, P. K., & Jackson, C. J. (2010) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01222.x · Cited by 119
“Rash impulsiveness was assessed using the Impulsiveness scale of the I7 questionnaire (Eysenck et al., 1985).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Dysfunctional, but not functional, impulsivity is associated with a history of seriously violent behaviour and reduced orbitofrontal and hippocampal volumes in schizophrenia.
Kumari, V., Barkataki, I., Goswami, S., Flora, S., Das, M., & Taylor, P. (2009) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2008.09.003 · Cited by 118
“Functional and dysfunctional impulsivity was sampled using a self-report instrument, the Impulsiveness–Venturesomeness–Empathy questionnaire (IVE-7) (Eysenck and Eysenck,1977; Eysenck et al., 1985).”
MethodResult
A debate on current eating disorder diagnoses in light of neurobiological findings: is it time for a spectrum model?
Brooks, S. J., Rask‐Andersen, M., Benedict, C., & Schiöth, H. B. (2012) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-12-76 · Cited by 120
Cross-Cultural Validation of the Empathy Quotient in a French-Speaking Sample
Berthoz, S., Wessa, M., Kedia, G., Wicker, B., & Grèzes, J. (2008) · Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · doi:10.1177/070674370805300712 · Cited by 116
The influence of traits of disinhibition on the association between alcohol use and risky sexual behavior.
Justus, A. N., Finn, P. R., & Steinmetz, J. E. (2000) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2000.tb04646.x · Cited by 116
Sensation seeking and risk-taking propensity as mediators in the relationship between childhood abuse and HIV-related risk behavior.
Bornovalova, M., Gwadz, M. A., Kahler, C., Aklin, W., & Lejuez, C. (2008) · International Journal of Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.04.009 · Cited by 116
“Eysenck et al. (1985) have found good internal consistency for the subscale (α = .84).”
Background
Binge drinking, reflection impulsivity, and unplanned sexual behavior: impaired decision-making in young social drinkers.
Townshend, J. M., Kambouropoulos, N., Griffin, A., Hunt, F. J., & Milani, R. (2014) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.12333 · Cited by 115
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“To measure impulsive behavior across cognitive and behavioral domains, participants completed the impulsivity subscale of the Eysenck impulsiveness scale (Eysenck et al., 1985).”
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“The assessment of risk taking has relied extensively on self-report instruments that measure constructs such as sensation seeking [Zuckerman et al., 1978], venturesomeness [Eysenck et al., 1985], impulsivity [Barratt, 1985], and behavioral constraint [Tellegen and Waller, 1982].”
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Authors: Eysenck, S. B. G., Pearson, P. R., Easting, G., & Allsopp, J. F.
Affiliations: University of London (GB)
University of Surrey (GB)
Cranfield University (GB)
ORCID: Allsopp, J.F.
Venue: Personality and Individual Differences
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1985-01
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Pages: 613-619
ISSN: 0191-8869 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0191-8869(85)90011-x
OpenAlex: W2040874072
Cited by: 1,163
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 68 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 56 · 2014: 53 · 2013: 58 · 2012: 55
FWCI: 10.36
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Personality and Individual Differences (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Keywords: impulsivity, venturesomeness, empathy, age norms, personality traits, Big Five personality traits, psychoticism, extraversion, neuroticism

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Age norms for impulsiveness, venturesomeness and empathy in adults

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