Poly (lactic acid)-based biomaterials for orthopaedic regenerative engineering
Open accessAbstract
Regenerative engineering converges tissue engineering, advanced materials science, stem cell science, and developmental biology to regenerate complex tissues such as whole limbs. Regenerative engineering scaffolds provide mechanical support and nanoscale control over architecture, topography, and biochemical cues to influence cellular outcome. In this regard, poly (lactic acid) (PLA)-based biomaterials may be considered as a gold standard for many orthopaedic regenerative engineering applications because of their versatility in fabrication, biodegradability, and compatibility with biomolecules and cells. Here we discuss recent developments in PLA-based biomaterials with respect to processability and current applications in the clinical and research settings for bone, ligament, meniscus, and cartilage regeneration.
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Incorporating components like BG and chondroitin sulfate allows design of composite PLCL scaffolds with gradient hardness to better mimic layered structure of native cartilage.
“by incorporating components like BG and chondroitin sulfate, composite PLCL scaffolds with gradient hardness can be designed to better mimic the layered structure of native cartilage [192].”
From Application of PLCL as a biodegradable polymer in biomedical engineering (2026) · cites this paper as [192]
Section 6.i (Knee Articular Cartilage Regeneration; page unavailable) describes layered scaffolds that mimic cartilage and bone regions, with softer cartilage materials and stiffer bone materials that may be coated with bioglass. It does not describe combining bioglass and chondroitin sulfate in PLCL scaffolds or creating a gradient in hardness; searches for those terms found no such passage. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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“Furthermore, by incorporating components like BG and chondroitin sulfate, composite PLCL scaffolds with gradient hardness can be designed to better mimic the layered structure of native cartilage [192].”
- Authors
- Narayanan, G., Vernekar, V. N., Kuyinu, E. L., & Laurencin, C. T.
- Affiliations
- UConn Health (US)
- University of Connecticut (US)
- Corresponding author
- Laurencin, Cato T.
- Venue
- Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 107
- Pages
- 247-276
- ISSN
- 0169-409X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5482531
- OpenAlex
- W2344033096
- Cited by
- 484
- References
- 352
- Citations by year
- 2026: 35 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 55 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 6
- FWCI
- 2.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences (NIH R01AR063698, NIH DP1 AR068147)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Keywords
- polylactic acid, biomaterials, tissue engineering scaffolds, bone regeneration, ligament regeneration, meniscus regeneration, cartilage regeneration, biodegradability, scaffold fabrication, nanoscale topography, stem cells
- MeSH terms
- Biocompatible Materials, Humans, Orthopedics, Polyesters, Regeneration, Tissue Engineering, Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Scaffolds
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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