Cited by 258Extracellular vesicles in diseaseNanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryRNA Interference and Gene Delivery

Approaches to surface engineering of extracellular vesicles

Open access
Richter, Maximilian, Vader, Pieter, Fuhrmann, Gregor·2021·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived nanoparticles that are important mediators in intercellular communication. This function makes them auspicious candidates for therapeutic and drug-delivery applications. Among EVs, mammalian cell derived EVs and outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) produced by gram-negative bacteria are the most investigated candidates for pharmaceutical applications. To further optimize their performance and to utilize their natural abilities, researchers have strived to equip EVs with new moieties on their surface while preserving the integrity of the vesicles. The aim of this review is to give a comprehensive overview of techniques that can be used to introduce these moieties to the vesicle surface. Approaches can be classified in regards to whether they take place before or after the isolation of EVs. The producing cells can be subjected to genetic manipulation or metabolic engineering to produce surface modified vesicles or EVs are engineered after their isolation by physical or chemical means. Here, the advantages and disadvantages of these processes and their applicability for the development of EVs as therapeutic agents are discussed.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.addr.2021.03.020

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  • Metabolic engineering by incubating cells with L-aziodohomoalanine or N-azidoacetyl-D-mannosamine can affect new surface compositions on EVs.

    “In addition to the genetic engineering of parent cells, metabolic engineering by incubating cells with L-aziodohomoalanine or Nazidoacetyl-D-mannosamine can affect new surface compositions on the EVs [223].”

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Authors
Richter, M., Vader, P., & Fuhrmann, G.
Affiliations
  • Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (DE)
  • University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
Corresponding author
Fuhrmann, Gregor
Venue
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-06
Volume
173
Pages
416-426
ISSN
0169-409X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3150047560
Cited by
258
References
109
Citations by year
2026: 46 · 2025: 66 · 2024: 55 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 6
FWCI
3.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • HZI (Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
  • Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes eV
  • European Research Council
  • Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung Dienststelle Berlin
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
Keywords
extracellular vesicles, surface engineering, outer membrane vesicles, bacterial vesicles, vesicle isolation, metabolic engineering, drug delivery, therapeutic vesicles, intercellular communication
MeSH terms
Extracellular Vesicles, Animals, Cell Communication, Humans, Surface Properties, Tissue Engineering

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