The Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study: Paving the way for new diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus
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The Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study was performed in response to the need for internationally agreed upon diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes, based upon their predictive value for adverse pregnancy outcome. Increases in each of the 3 values on the 75-g, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test are associated with graded increases in the likelihood of pregnancy outcomes such as large for gestational age, cesarean section, fetal insulin levels, and neonatal fat content. Based upon an iterative process of decision making, a task force of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups recommends that the diagnosis of gestational diabetes be made when any of the following 3 75-g, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test thresholds are met or exceeded: fasting 92 mg/dL, 1-hour 180 mg/dL, or 2 hours 153 mg/dL. Various authoritative bodies around the world are expected to deliberate the adoption of these criteria.
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- Authors
- Coustan, D. R., Lowe, L. P., Metzger, B. E., & Dyer, A. R.
- Affiliations
- Brown University (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-06
- Volume
- 202
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 654.e1-654.e6
- ISSN
- 0002-9378 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2897007
- OpenAlex
- W2063955121
- Cited by
- 398
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 24.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01-HD34242, R01-HD34243)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01-RR00048, M01-RR00080)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- American Diabetes Association
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- gestational diabetes mellitus, diagnostic criteria, HAPO study, oral glucose tolerance test, hyperglycemia, adverse pregnancy outcomes, large for gestational age, cesarean section, fetal insulin
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Female, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Insulin, Predictive Value of Tests, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Odds Ratio, Diabetes, Gestational
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