Cited by 33RNA Interference and Gene DeliveryRetinal Development and DisordersCRISPR and Genetic Engineering

Delivery strategies for CRISPR/Cas genome editing tool for retinal dystrophies: Challenges and opportunities

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Lohia, Aayushi, Sahel, Deepak Kumar, Salman, Mohd, Singh, Vivek, Mariappan, Indumathi, Mittal, Anupama, Chitkara, Deepak·2022·Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Abstract

CRISPR/Cas, an adaptive immune system in bacteria, has been adopted as an efficient and precise tool for site-specific gene editing with potential therapeutic opportunities. It has been explored for a variety of applications, including gene modulation, epigenome editing, diagnosis, mRNA editing, etc. It has found applications in retinal dystrophic conditions including progressive cone and cone-rod dystrophies, congenital stationary night blindness, X-linked juvenile retinoschisis, retinitis pigmentosa, age-related macular degeneration, leber's congenital amaurosis, etc. Most of the therapies for retinal dystrophic conditions work by regressing symptoms instead of reversing the gene mutations. CRISPR/Cas9 through indel could impart beneficial effects in the reversal of gene mutations in dystrophic conditions. Recent research has also consolidated on the approaches of using CRISPR systems for retinal dystrophies but their delivery to the posterior part of the eye is a major concern due to high molecular weight, negative charge, and in vivo stability of CRISPR components. Recently, non-viral vectors have gained interest due to their potential in tissue-specific nucleic acid (miRNA/siRNA/CRISPR) delivery. This review highlights the opportunities of retinal dystrophies management using CRISPR/Cas nanomedicine.

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  • The activity and fidelity of gene editing is heavily affected by the expression level and duration of the editors in the cells.

    “The activity and fidelity of gene editing is heavily affected by the expression level and duration of the editors in the cells.”

    From Off-target effects in CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing (2023) · cites this paper as Lohia et al., 2022

  • Methods to deliver Cas9/sgRNA into target cells profoundly influence its off-target effect.

    “Therefore, methods to deliver Cas9/sgRNA into the target cells profoundly influence its off-target effect”

    From Off-target effects in CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing (2023) · cites this paper as Lohia et al., 2022

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. [33]Colella P. Auricchio A. Gene therapy of inherited retinopathies: a long and successful road from viral vectors to patients Human gene therapy 23 2012 796 807 22734691 PMC3413895
  2. [88]Fuster-Garcia C. Garcia-Garcia G. Gonzalez-Romero E. Jaijo T. Sequedo M.D. Ayuso C. USH2A gene editing using the CRISPR system Mol Ther Nucl acids 8 2017 529 541 PMC5573797 28918053
  3. [126]Fu Y. Foden J.A. Khayter C. Maeder M.L. Reyon D. Joung J.K. Sander J.D. Hgh-frequency off-target mutagenesis induced by CRISPR-Cas nucleases in human cells Nat Biotechnol 31 2013 822 826 23792628 PMC3773023

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Authors
Lohia, A., Sahel, D. K., Salman, M., Singh, V., Mariappan, I., Mittal, A., & Chitkara, D.
Affiliations
  • Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (IN)
  • L V Prasad Eye Institute (IN)
Corresponding author
Chitkara, Deepak
Venue
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2022-03
Volume
17
Issue
2
Pages
153-176
ISSN
1818-0876 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4212945596
Cited by
33
References
182
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 5
FWCI
0.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Government of India Department of Biotechnology (BT/PR26897/NNT/28/1489/2017)
  • Indian Council of Medical Research (3/1/3/JRF-2019/HRD)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinal Development and Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
Keywords
CRISPR/Cas9, retinal dystrophy, gene delivery, non-viral vectors, retinitis pigmentosa, cone-rod dystrophy, congenital stationary night blindness, X-linked retinoschisis, age-related macular degeneration, Leber congenital amaurosis, genome editing

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