Gut chemosensing: Interactions between gut endocrine cells and visceral afferents
Open accessAbstract
Chemosensing in the gastrointestinal tract is less well understood than many aspects of gut mechanosensitivity; however, it is important in the overall function of the GI tract and indeed the organism as a whole. Chemosensing in the gut represents a complex interplay between the function of enteroendocrine (EEC) cells and visceral (primarily vagal) afferent neurons. In this brief review, I will concentrate on a new data on endocrine cells in chemosensing in the GI tract, in particular on new findings on glucose-sensing by gut EEC cells and the importance of incretin peptides and vagal afferents in glucose homeostasis, on the role of G protein coupled receptors in gut chemosensing, and on the possibility that gut endocrine cells may be involved in the detection of a luminal constituent other than nutrients, the microbiota. The role of vagal afferent pathways as a downstream target of EEC cell products will be considered and, in particular, exciting new data on the plasticity of the vagal afferent pathway with respect to expression of receptors for GI hormones and how this may play a role in energy homeostasis will also be discussed.
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Microbiota is considered an integral part of gut-brain communication, with some advocating for microbiota as an independent component of the axis.
“Recent advances in our knowledge of the gut microbiota have shed new light on the interactions between the brain and the gastrointestinal tract, with microbiota now being considered an integral part of the gut–brain communication—some even advocate for microbiota being an independent component of the axis [37,38].”
Enteroendocrine cells express Toll-like receptors which, when activated by bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharides and flagellin, modify the secretion of hormones such as cholecystokinin that regulate satiety and hunger.
“Enteroendocrine cells express Toll-like receptors which, when activated by binding with bacterial products (e.g., lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and flagellin), modify the secretion of hormones (such as cholecystokinin) that regulate satiety and hunger [38].”
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- Authors
- Raybould, H. E.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Raybould, Helen E.
- ORCID
- Raybould, Helen E.
- Venue
- Autonomic Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-02
- Volume
- 153
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 41-46
- ISSN
- 1566-0702 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3014315
- OpenAlex
- W2091701197
- Cited by
- 254
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 1.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Autonomic Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 58558, R01DK041004, DK 41004, R01DK058558)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Keywords
- enteroendocrine cells, visceral afferents, vagal afferents, glucose detection, incretins, glucose homeostasis, G protein-coupled receptors, gut microbiota, gut-brain axis, energy homeostasis, gastrointestinal hormones
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Chemoreceptor Cells, Glucose, Neuronal Plasticity, Taste, Visceral Afferents, Enteroendocrine Cells, Gastrointestinal Tract, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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