Role of the vagus nerve in the development and treatment of diet‐induced obesity
Open accessAbstract
This review highlights evidence for a role of the vagus nerve in the development of obesity and how targeting the vagus nerve with neuromodulation or pharmacology can be used as a therapeutic treatment of obesity. The vagus nerve innervating the gut plays an important role in controlling metabolism. It communicates peripheral information about the volume and type of nutrients between the gut and the brain. Depending on the nutritional status, vagal afferent neurons express two different neurochemical phenotypes that can inhibit or stimulate food intake. Chronic ingestion of calorie‐rich diets reduces sensitivity of vagal afferent neurons to peripheral signals and their constitutive expression of orexigenic receptors and neuropeptides. This disruption of vagal afferent signalling is sufficient to drive hyperphagia and obesity. Furthermore neuromodulation of the vagus nerve can be used in the treatment of obesity. Although the mechanisms are poorly understood, vagal nerve stimulation prevents weight gain in response to a high‐fat diet. In small clinical studies, in patients with depression or epilepsy, vagal nerve stimulation has been demonstrated to promote weight loss. Vagal blockade, which inhibits the vagus nerve, results in significant weight loss. Vagal blockade is proposed to inhibit aberrant orexigenic signals arising in obesity as a putative mechanism of vagal blockade‐induced weight loss. Approaches and molecular targets to develop future pharmacotherapy targeted to the vagus nerve for the treatment of obesity are proposed. In conclusion there is strong evidence that the vagus nerve is involved in the development of obesity and it is proving to be an attractive target for the treatment of obesity. image
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VNS has been approved for the treatment of epilepsy and treatment-refractory depression and has shown initial evidence for weight loss in these two populations.
“VNS has been approved for the treatment of epilepsy and treatment-refractory depression110 and has shown initial evidence for weight loss in these two populations111.”
From Autonomic nervous system dysfunction in schizophrenia: impact on cognitive and metabolic health (2021) · cites this paper as [111]
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Diseases, Disorders, and Comorbidities of Interoception
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The metabolic role of vagal afferent innervation
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McDougle, M., Quinn, D., Diepenbroek, C., Singh, A., de la Serre, C., & de Lartigue, G. (2021) · Acta Physiologica · doi:10.1111/apha.13530 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationChronic high fat diet impairs glucagon like peptide-1 sensitivity in vagal afferents
Al Helaili, A., Park, S. J., & Beyak, M. J. (2020) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.08.045 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
- Authors
- de Lartigue, G.
- Affiliations
- The John B. Pierce Laboratory New Haven CT USA
- Venue
- The Journal of Physiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-05-29
- Volume
- 594
- Issue
- 20
- Pages
- 5791-5815
- ISSN
- 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7793
- PMC
- PMC5063945
- OpenAlex
- W2294585041
- Cited by
- 238
- References
- 184
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6
- FWCI
- 1.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R00DK094871)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Keywords
- vagus nerve, diet-induced obesity, vagal afferent neurons, gut-brain signaling, hyperphagia, high-fat diet, vagus nerve stimulation, vagal blockade, weight loss, orexigenic peptides, obesity treatment
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Body Weight, Humans, Hyperphagia, Neurons, Afferent, Obesity, Vagus Nerve, Diet, High-Fat
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