Cited by 1,013Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesAdipose Tissue and MetabolismCardiovascular Disease and Adiposity

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Adipose tissue expandability, lipotoxicity and the Metabolic Syndrome — An allostatic perspective

Virtue, Sam, Vidal-Puig, Antonio·2010·Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids

DOI 10.1016/j.bbalip.2009.12.006

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Abstract

While the link between obesity and type 2 diabetes is clear on an epidemiological level, the underlying mechanism linking these two common disorders is not as clearly understood. One hypothesis linking obesity to type 2 diabetes is the adipose tissue expandability hypothesis. The adipose tissue expandability hypothesis states that a failure in the capacity for adipose tissue expansion, rather than obesity per se is the key factor linking positive energy balance and type 2 diabetes. All individuals possess a maximum capacity for adipose expansion which is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. Once the adipose tissue expansion limit is reached, adipose tissue ceases to store energy efficiently and lipids begin to accumulate in other tissues. Ectopic lipid accumulation in non-adipocyte cells causes lipotoxic insults including insulin resistance, apoptosis and inflammation. This article discusses the links between adipokines, inflammation, adipose tissue expandability and lipotoxicity. Finally, we will discuss how considering the concept of allostasis may enable a better understanding of how diabetes develops and allow the rational design of new anti diabetic treatments.

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Authors: Virtue, S., & Vidal-Puig, A.
Affiliations: University of Cambridge (GB)
Corresponding author: Virtue, Sam
ORCID: Virtue, Sam
Venue: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2010-03
Volume: 1801
Issue: 3
Pages: 338-349
ISSN: 1388-1981 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2009.12.006
OpenAlex: W2035489548
Semantic Scholar: 470ac3b56b5b657fa79061f68dcdb8d8593fc4e8
Cited by: 1,013
References: 80
Citations by year: 2026: 58 · 2025: 65 · 2024: 49 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 68 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 68 · 2018: 77 · 2017: 75 · 2016: 64 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 76 · 2012: 69
FWCI: 6.84
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Diabetes UK
Medical Research Council
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/E011950/1)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
Keywords: adipose tissue expandability, lipotoxicity, metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes, allostasis, ectopic fat deposition, insulin resistance, adipokines, inflammation, apoptosis, diabetes treatment
MeSH terms: Adipose Tissue, Animals, Cell Differentiation, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Liver, Models, Biological, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Adipocytes, Metabolic Syndrome, Lipid Metabolism, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Allostasis

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Adipose tissue expandability, lipotoxicity and the Metabolic Syndrome — An allostatic perspective

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