Diurnal and sleep–wake dependent variations of soluble TNF- and IL-2 receptors in healthy volunteers
Abstract
There is very little published information on the diurnal variation of cytokines and their receptors, in healthy individuals during normal sleep-wake patterns or during sustained wakefulness. The aim of the current investigation was to characterize concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors (sTNF-Rs) and interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) during normal sleep and wakefulness, as well as during a 24 h vigil. Plasma levels of the sTNF-R p55, sTNF-R p75, and sIL-2R did not differ significantly between nocturnal sleep and nocturnal wakefulness. Rhythmic analysis (2-h intervals) revealed significant diurnal variations for both sTNF-R p55 and sTNF-R p75, but not levels of sIL-2R. Diurnal variations of both sTNF-Rs were characterized by a single cosine curve with an average peak near 06:00 h in the morning. This peak occurred well before that of cortisol, and fluctuated inversely with the diurnal rhythm of temperature. These diurnal variations in sTNF-Rs levels are consistent with the hypothesis that the TNF system plays a role in normal diurnal temperature regulation.
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Prolonged experimental sleep restriction of 10 days produced a nonsignificant increase of PGD2 and PGE2 metabolites of about 20% in healthy participants.
“With the use of a model of prolonged experimental sleep restriction of 10 days, a nonsignificant increase of PGD2 and PGE2 metabolites of ~20% has been reported in healthy participants (223)”
From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [223]
When sleep is diminished for longer than one night, plasma levels of IL-6 or CRP mostly increase, likely reflecting a systemic, unspecific inflammatory response to prolonged sleep loss.
“More consistent findings are observed if sleep is diminished for longer than one night: plasma levels of IL-6 or CRP (which is produced by the liver in response to IL-6 secretion) mostly increase in such conditions, likely reflecting a systemic, unspecific inflammatory response to prolonged sleep loss (223, 506, 556, 564) (see also sect. IV).”
From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [223]
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- Authors
- Haack, M., Pollmächer, T., & Mullington, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Max Planck Society (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Mullington, Janet M.
- Venue
- Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-07
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 361-367
- ISSN
- 0889-1591 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2078203950
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Behavior and Immunity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH060641, MH 60641)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor, soluble interleukin-2 receptor, diurnal variation, sleep-wake cycle, sustained wakefulness, cytokine receptors, plasma cytokines, cortisol, healthy volunteers
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Circadian Rhythm, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Reference Values, Sleep, Sleep Deprivation, Wakefulness, Receptors, Interleukin-2, Antigens, CD, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II
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