Partial night sleep deprivation reduces natural killer and celhdar immune responses in humans
Abstract
Prolonged and severe sleep deprivation is associated with alterations of natural and cellular immune function. To determine whether alterations of immune function also occur after even a modest loss of sleep, the effects of early‐night partial sleep deprivation on circulating numbers of white blood cells, natural killer (NK) cell number and cytotoxicity, lymphokine‐activated killer (LAK) cell number and activity, and stimulated interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) production were studied in 42 medically and psychiatrically healthy male volunteers. After a night of sleep deprivation between 10 P.M. and 3 A.M., a reduction of natural immune responses as measured by NK cell activity, NK activity per number of NK cells, LAK activity, and LAK activity per number of LAK precursors (CD 16, 56, CD25) was found. In addition, concanavalin A‐stimulated IL‐2 production was suppressed after sleep deprivation due to changes in both adherent and nonadherent cell populations. After a night of recovery sleep, NK activity returned to baseline levels and IL‐2 production remained suppressed. These data implicate sleep in the modulation of immunity and demonstrate that even a modest disturbance of sleep produces a reduction of natural immune responses and T cell cytokine production.—Irwin, T., McClintick, J., Costlow, C., Fortner, M., White, J., Gillin, J. C. Partial night sleep deprivation reduces natural killer and cellular immune responses in humans. FASEB J. 10, 643‐653 (1996)
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Several reports indicated an enhancing influence of sleep on T-cell production of IL-2 which acts to further promote T-cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation, although other studies failed to reveal such effects when examining IL-2 production in specific T-cell subpopulations.
“Furthermore, several reports indicated an enhancing influence of sleep on T-cell production of IL-2 which acts to further promote T-cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation (120, 595), although other studies failed to reveal such effects when examining IL-2 production in specific T-cell subpopulations (109,308).”
From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [595]
Habitual short sleep duration and chronic sleep disturbances are related to a variety of diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, chronic pain conditions, some forms of cancer, and neuropsychiatric disease, all of which involve immune dysregulations.
“habitual short sleep duration and chronic sleep disturbances are related to a variety of diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, chronic pain conditions, some forms of cancer, and neuropsychiatric disease (255), all of which involve immune dysregulations”
From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [255]
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- Authors
- Irwin, M., McClintick, J., Costlow, C., Fortner, M., White, J., & Gillin, J. C.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Irwin, Michael
- ORCID
- Irwin, Michael
- Venue
- The FASEB Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1996-04
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 643-653
- ISSN
- 0892-6638 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-6860
- OpenAlex
- W1719035976
- Cited by
- 480
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 7.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The FASEB Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1r01mh046867-01a2)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH46867, MH30914)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000827)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Keywords
- sleep deprivation, natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, interleukin-2, cell-mediated immunity, T cell cytokine production, recovery sleep, immune function, concanavalin A stimulation, NK cell cytotoxicity
- MeSH terms
- Cell Adhesion, Concanavalin A, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Interleukin-2, Killer Cells, Natural, Leukocyte Count, Male, Monocytes, Sleep Deprivation, Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated, Lymphocyte Count
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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