Abnormal Striatal GABA Transmission in the Mouse Model for the Fragile X Syndrome
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Background Structural and functional neuroimaging studies suggest abnormal activity in the striatum of patients with the fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common form of inherited mental retardation.Methods Neurophysiological and immunofluorescence experiments in striatal brain slices. We studied the synaptic transmission in a mouse model for FXS, as well as the subcellular localization of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) and brain cytoplasmic (BC1) RNA in striatal axons.Results Our results show that absence of FMRP is associated with apparently normal striatal glutamate-mediated transmission, but abnormal gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transmission. This effect is likely secondary to increased transmitter release from GABAergic nerve terminals. We detected the presence of FMRP in axons of striatal neurons and observed a selective increase in the frequency of spontaneous and miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs, mIPSCs) in fmr1-knockout mice. We also observed reduced paired-pulse ratio of evoked IPSCs, a finding that is consistent with the idea that transmitter release probability from striatal GABAergic nerve terminals is higher than normal in these mutants. Finally, we have identified the small noncoding BC1 RNA as a critical coplayer of FMRP in the regulation of striatal synaptic transmission.Conclusions Understanding the physiologic action of FMRP and the synaptic defects associated with GABA transmission might be useful to design appropriate pharmacologic interventions for FXS.
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FMRP activity is regulated in response to metabotropic glutamate receptors, AMPA receptors, GABA receptors, NMDA receptors, and TrkB receptors.
“FMRP activity is regulated in response to metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) (78), 2-amino-3-(5-methyl-3-oxo-1,2-oxazol-4-yl) propanoic acid (AMPA) receptors (79), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors (76,80,81), N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors (82)(83)(84), and the tyrosine kinase or BDNF/NT-3 growth factor (TrkB) receptors (85).”
From Fragile X syndrome: causes, diagnosis, mechanisms, and therapeutics (2012) · cites this paper as [76]
Extensive electrophysiological studies in the Fmr1 knockout mouse model indicate an excitation/inhibition imbalance.
“Furthermore, extensive electrophysiological studies in the Fmr1 KO mouse model indicated an excitation/inhibition (glutamate/GABA; see below) imbalance (75)(76)(77).”
From Fragile X syndrome: causes, diagnosis, mechanisms, and therapeutics (2012) · cites this paper as [76]
The GABA receptor system is downregulated in fragile X syndrome, partially due to destabilization of mRNAs encoding GABA receptor subunits.
“The GABA receptor system has also been reported as downregulated in FXS, partially due to destabilization of the mRNAs encoding the GABA receptor subunits (76,80,113).”
From Fragile X syndrome: causes, diagnosis, mechanisms, and therapeutics (2012) · cites this paper as [76]
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- Authors
- Centonze, D., Rossi, S., Mercaldo, V., Napoli, I., Ciotti, M. T., De Chiara, V., Musella, A., Prosperetti, C., Calabresi, P., Bernardi, G., & Bagni, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Rome Tor Vergata (IT)
- University of Perugia (IT)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-05
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 963-973
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2012460847
- Cited by
- 171
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 4.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- lirias.kuleuven.be
- Licence
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Cineca Institutional Research Information System (Tor Vergata University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministero della Salute
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Keywords
- fragile X syndrome, FMRP, BC1 RNA, striatum, GABAergic neurotransmission, inhibitory postsynaptic currents, miniature IPSCs, paired-pulse ratio, Fmr1 knockout mice, intellectual disability, synaptic plasticity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cerebral Cortex, Corpus Striatum, Disease Models, Animal, Electric Stimulation, Fragile X Syndrome, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Gene Expression Regulation, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neural Inhibition, Synaptic Transmission, Phalloidine, Mice, Knockout, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Ribonucleoproteins, Small Cytoplasmic, RNA, Untranslated, Vesicular Inhibitory Amino Acid Transport Proteins, Mice, Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1, RNA, Long Noncoding, In Vitro Techniques
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