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A specific role for posterior dorsolateral striatum in human habit learning
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Habits are characterized by an insensitivity to their consequences and, as such, can be distinguished from goal‐directed actions. The neural basis of the development of demonstrably outcome‐insensitive habitual actions in humans has not been previously characterized. In this experiment, we show that extensive training on a free‐operant task reduces the sensitivity of participants’ behavior to a reduction in outcome value. Analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging data acquired during training revealed a significant increase in task‐related cue sensitivity in a right posterior putamen–globus pallidus region as training progressed. These results provide evidence for a shift from goal‐directed to habit‐based control of instrumental actions in humans, and suggest that cue‐driven activation in a specific region of dorsolateral posterior putamen may contribute to the habitual control of behavior in humans.
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Goal-directed actions and habits are subserved by the caudate nucleus and the putamen, respectively.
“where goal-directed actions and habits are subserved by the caudate nucleus and the putamen, respectively 30, 31, 32, 33.”
From Enhanced avoidance habits in obsessive-compulsive disorder (2014) · cites this paper as [30]
The formation and execution of habits is mediated by motor portions of the sensorimotor circuit, including putamen and premotor/motor cortex.
“The formation and execution of habits is mediated by motor portions of the sensorimotor circuit (putamen and premotor/motor cortex) [88–89].”
From Toward a neurocircuit-based taxonomy to guide treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (2021) · cites this paper as [88]
S-R links are strengthened with repetition.
“There can be no doubt that S-R links are strengthened with repetition (Adams, 1982, Tricomi et al., 2009)”
From The role of habit in compulsivity (2016) · cites this paper as Tricomi et al., 2009
Habit learning in rats is mediated by the dorsolateral striatum, whereas in humans it mainly involves the posterior putamen.
“In contrast, habit learning in rats is mediated by the dorsolateral striatum,21,22 whereas in humans it mainly involves the posterior putamen.23”
From Behavioral and neuroimaging evidence for overreliance on habit learning in alcohol-dependent patients (2013) · cites this paper as [23]
The imbalance between goal-directed and habitual control in AD is associated with increased activity in the posterior putamen.
“and increased activity in the posterior putamen, a region involved in habit learning.23”
From Behavioral and neuroimaging evidence for overreliance on habit learning in alcohol-dependent patients (2013) · cites this paper as [23]
The increased cue-related activity in right posterior putamen/globus pallidum is consistent with rodent findings showing involvement of dorsolateral striatum in habitual responding.
“consistent with the rodent findings showing involvement of the dorsolateral striatum in habitual responding.”
From Goals and Habits in the Brain (2013) · cites this paper as Tricomi et al., 2009
In extensively trained subjects, later sessions when behavior was habitual compared to earlier sessions when it would likely have been goal directed showed increased cue-related activity in right posterior putamen/globus pallidum.
“A within-group analysis of fMRI data from the extensively trained subjects comparing later sessions (when behavior was habitual) to earlier sessions (when it would likely have been goal directed) highlighted increased cue-related activity in right posterior putamen/globus pallidum, consistent with the rodent findings showing involvement of the dorsolateral striatum in habitual responding.”
From Goals and Habits in the Brain (2013) · cites this paper as Tricomi et al., 2009
In Tricomi et al. (2009), after outcome devaluation, the minimally trained group retained outcome sensitivity, while the extensively trained group did not.
“After outcome devaluation, performance showed that the minimally trained group retained outcome sensitivity, while the extensively trained group did not, just as in the animal studies.”
From Goals and Habits in the Brain (2013) · cites this paper as Tricomi et al., 2009
In humans, activity in the DMS is correlated with computations of action-outcome contingency, a hallmark of goal-directed learning.
“in humans, activity in the DMS has been found to be correlated with computations of action-outcome contingency, a hallmark of goal-directed learning”
From Contributions of the striatum to learning, motivation, and performance: an associative account (2012) · cites this paper as [23]
In humans, activity in a region of right posterior DLS tracks the behavioral development of habits.
“whereas activity in a region of right posterior DLS was found to track the behavioral development of habits”
From Contributions of the striatum to learning, motivation, and performance: an associative account (2012) · cites this paper as [23]
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“…for habit development, and used by many as an operational definition on how to form a habit (Dickinson et al., 1995; Haith and Krakauer, 2018; Tricomi et al., 2009) (for a review see Balleine and O’Doherty, 2010), despite current contro-versies raised by de Wit et al., 2018 on its use as an…”
The neurobehavioral mechanisms of motivational control in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
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Metadata
- Authors
- Tricomi, E., Balleine, B. W., & O’Doherty, J. P.
- Affiliations
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- Venue
- European Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-06
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2225-2232
- ISSN
- 0953-816X (ISSN-L)
- 1460-9568
- PMC
- PMC2758609
- OpenAlex
- W2160668068
- Cited by
- 769
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 107 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 52 · 2016: 52 · 2015: 48 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 36
- FWCI
- 14.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
- National Institute of Mental Health (R03MH075763)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- habit learning, posterior putamen, globus pallidus, goal-directed behavior, functional MRI
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Conditioning, Operant, Corpus Striatum, Feeding Behavior, Female, Habits, Humans, Learning, Male, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Young Adult
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