Atypical amygdala response to fear conditioning in autism spectrum disorder
Abstract
Background Anxiety is the most common comorbid psychiatric concern in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and can cause significant functional impairment. Fear conditioning tasks offer a useful neurodevelopmental model for anxiety, yet there are no published neuroimaging studies of fear conditioning using ASD samples.Methods Twenty adults diagnosed with ASD and 19 healthy adult control subjects completed a standard fear conditioning and extinction paradigm while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning. A burst of air on the base of the neck was the unconditioned stimulus. Participants returned 1 day later for scanning during an extinction recall phase. A priori regions of interest were analyzed with a familywise error correction rate < 0.05.Results All regions of interest demonstrated significantly greater response to threat than safe conditions during initial fear acquisition. Compared with age-matched control subjects, the ASD group showed a significantly decreased differential response to threat versus safe cues in right amygdala during the initial fear acquisition phase and decreased response in left amygdala during the first run of extinction recall on the second day of scanning.Conclusions Symptoms of severe anxiety in ASD may arise from atypical neural mechanisms especially related to the differentiation of threat versus safe cues. An inability to effectively identify safety contexts may underlie chronically increased levels of anxiety in many individuals diagnosed with ASD.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In an fMRI study of fear conditioning and extinction in adults with ASD, the ASD group failed to recognize safety cues and were delayed in responding to changes between threat and safety contexts.
“Top et al. (2016) conducted an fMRI study of fear conditioning and extinction in adults with ASD, concluding that the ASD group failed to recognize safety cues, and thus were delayed in responding to changes between threat to safety contexts.”
From Sensory, emotional and cognitive contributions to anxiety in autism spectrum disorders (2017) · cites this paper as Top et al., 2016
Cites
(1970) · Cited by 24,983 · see citing works
Tzourio-Mazoyer, N., Landeau, B., Papathanassiou, D., Crivello, F., Etard, O., Delcroix, N., Mazoyer, B., & Joliot, M. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2001.0978 · Cited by 16,319 · see citing works
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM)
Leong, F. T. L. (2008) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781412963978.n182 · Cited by 10,858 · see citing works
Lord, C., Risi, S., Lambrecht, L., Cook, E. H., Leventhal, B. L., DiLavore, P. C., Pickles, A., & Rutter, M. (2000) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1005592401947 · Cited by 7,520 · see citing works
Maldjian, J., Laurienti, P., Kraft, R., & Burdette, J. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00169-1 · Cited by 5,453 · see citing works
Development and validation of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire
Meyer, T. J., Miller, M. L., Metzger, R. L., & Borkovec, T. D. (1990) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(90)90135-6 · Cited by 5,099 · see citing works
Etkin, A., & Wager, T. D. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07030504 · Cited by 3,391 · see citing works
Di Martino, A., Yan, C.-G., Li, Q., Denio, E., Castellanos, F. X., Alaerts, K., Anderson, J. S., Assaf, M., Bookheimer, S. Y., Dapretto, M., et al. (2014) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2013.78 · Cited by 2,780 · see citing works
Fearing the unknown: A short version of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale
Carleton, R. N., Norton, M. A. P. J., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2007) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2006.03.014 · Cited by 2,288 · see citing works
A brief version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale
Leary, M. R. (1983) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167283093007 · Cited by 2,178 · see citing works
Phelps, E. A., Delgado, M. R., Nearing, K. I., & LeDoux, J. E. (2004) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.08.042 · Cited by 1,753 · see citing works
Phasic vs Sustained Fear in Rats and Humans: Role of the Extended Amygdala in Fear vs Anxiety
Davis, M., Walker, D. L., Miles, L., & Grillon, C. (2010) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2009.109 · Cited by 1,488 · see citing works
Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: A Meta-Analysis
van Steensel, F. J. A., Bögels, S. M., & Perrin, S. (2011) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-011-0097-0 · Cited by 1,463 · see citing works
Anxiety in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders
White, S. W., Oswald, D., Ollendick, T., & Scahill, L. (2009) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.01.003 · Cited by 1,427 · see citing works
Paulus, M. P., & Stein, M. B. (2006) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.042 · Cited by 1,325 · see citing works
Schultz, R. T. (2005) · International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2004.12.012 · Cited by 1,071 · see citing works
Constantino, J. N. (2013) · Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_296 · Cited by 908 · see citing works
Precentral gyrus discrepancy in electronic versions of the Talairach atlas
Maldjian, J. A., Laurienti, P. J., & Burdette, J. H. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.09.032 · Cited by 868 · see citing works
Recognition of Emotions in Autism: A Formal Meta-Analysis
Uljarevic, M., & Hamilton, A. (2013) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-012-1695-5 · Cited by 824 · see citing works
Amygdala Microcircuits Controlling Learned Fear
Duvarci, S., & Pare, D. (2014) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2014.04.042 · Cited by 751 · see citing works
Test Review: Social Responsiveness Scale–Second Edition (SRS-2)
Bruni, T. P. (2014) · Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment · doi:10.1177/0734282913517525 · Cited by 705 · see citing works
Wood, J. J., Drahota, A., Sze, K., Har, K., Chiu, A., & Langer, D. A. (2009) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01948.x · Cited by 666 · see citing works
Human Fear Conditioning and Extinction in Neuroimaging: A Systematic Review
Sehlmeyer, C., Schöning, S., Zwitserlood, P., Pfleiderer, B., Kircher, T., Arolt, V., & Konrad, C. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005865 · Cited by 543 · see citing works
From Pavlov to PTSD: The extinction of conditioned fear in rodents, humans, and anxiety disorders
VanElzakker, M. B., Kathryn Dahlgren, M., Caroline Davis, F., Dubois, S., & Shin, L. M. (2014) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2013.11.014 · Cited by 482 · see citing works
Generalized Anxiety Disorder Is Associated With Overgeneralization of Classically Conditioned Fear
Lissek, S. M., Kaczkurkin, A. N., Rabin, S. J., Geraci, M. F., Pine, D. S., & Grillon, C. (2013) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.07.025 · Cited by 462 · see citing works
Brühl, A. B., Delsignore, A., Komossa, K., & Weidt, S. (2014) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.08.003 · Cited by 439 · see citing works
From Fear to Safety and Back: Reversal of Fear in the Human Brain
Schiller, D., Levy, I., Niv, Y., LeDoux, J. E., & Phelps, E. A. (2008) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2265-08.2008 · Cited by 429 · see citing works
A meta-analysis of instructed fear studies: implications for conscious appraisal of threat
Mechias, M.-L., Etkin, A., & Kalisch, R. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.09.040 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Wigham, S., Rodgers, J., South, M., McConachie, H., & Freeston, M. (2015) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-014-2248-x · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Psychiatric Comorbidity and Medication Use in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Buck, T. R., Viskochil, J., Farley, M., Coon, H., McMahon, W. M., Morgan, J., & Bilder, D. A. (2014) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-014-2170-2 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
The Relationship Between Anxiety and Repetitive Behaviours in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Rodgers, J., Glod, M., Connolly, B., & McConachie, H. (2012) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-012-1531-y · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Reward circuitry function in autism spectrum disorders
Dichter, G. S., Felder, J. N., Green, S. R., Rittenberg, A. M., Sasson, N. J., & Bodfish, J. W. (2012) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsq095 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Storch, E. A., Arnold, E. B., Lewin, A. B., Nadeau, J. M., Jones, A. M., De Nadai, A. S., Jane Mutch, P., Selles, R. R., Ung, D., & Murphy, T. K. (2013) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2012.11.007 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Perception of dynamic changes in facial affect and identity in autism
Pelphrey, K. A., Morris, J. P., McCarthy, G., & LaBar, K. S. (2007) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsm010 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
White, S. W., Mazefsky, C. A., Dichter, G. S., Chiu, P. H., Richey, J. A., & Ollendick, T. H. (2014) · International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.05.012 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Functional magnetic resonance imaging of autism spectrum disorders
Dichter, G. S. (2012) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2012.14.3/gdichter · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Prefrontal cortical regulation of fear learning
Gilmartin, M. R., Balderston, N. L., & Helmstetter, F. J. (2014) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2014.05.004 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Exploring the Relationship Between Anxiety and Insistence on Sameness in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Gotham, K., Bishop, S. L., Hus, V., Huerta, M., Lund, S., Buja, A., Krieger, A., & Lord, C. (2013) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1263 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
van Steensel, F. J. A., Bögels, S. M., & de Bruin, E. I. (2012) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-012-9587-z · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Decision-making difficulties experienced by adults with autism spectrum conditions
Luke, L., Clare, I. C. H., RING, H. A., Redley, M., & Watson, P. (2011) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361311415876 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Milad, M., Rosenbaum, B. L., & Simon, N. (2014) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.08.006 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Sung, M., Ooi, Y. P., Goh, T. J., Pathy, P., Fung, D. S. S., Ang, R. P., Chua, A., & Lam, C. M. (2011) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-011-0238-1 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Body expressions of emotion do not trigger fear contagion in autism spectrum disorder
Hadjikhani, N. K., Joseph, R. M., Manoach, D. S., Naik, P., Snyder, J., Dominick, K. C., Hoge, R. D., den Stock, J. V., Tager-Flusberg, H. B., & de Gelder, B. (2009) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsn038 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Chamberlain, P. D., Rodgers, J., Crowley, M. J., White, S. E., Freeston, M. H., & South, M. (2013) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/2040-2392-4-31 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Reduced amygdala activity during aversive conditioning in human narcolepsy
Ponz, A., Khatami, R., Poryazova, R., Werth, E., Boesiger, P., Schwartz, S., & Bassetti, C. L. (2009) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21881 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Lindner, K., Neubert, J., Pfannmöller, J. P., Lotze, M., Hamm, A. O., & Wendt, J. (2015) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.02.025 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Abnormal autonomic and associated brain activities during rest in autism spectrum disorder
Eilam‐Stock, T., Xu, P., Cao, M., Gu, X., Dam, N. T. V., Anagnostou, E. A., Kolevzon, A. L., Soorya, L. V., Park, Y., Siller, M., et al. (2014) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awt294 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Differential fear conditioning in Asperger's syndrome: Implications for an amygdala theory of autism
Gaigg, S., & Bowler, D. (2007) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.01.012 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Fronto-limbic functioning in children and adolescents with and without autism
Loveland, K. A., Bachevalier, J., Pearson, D. A., & Lane, D. M. (2007) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.08.017 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder Show Normal Responses to a Fear Potential Startle Paradigm
Bernier, R., Dawson, G., Panagiotides, H., & Webb, S. J. (2005) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-005-0002-0 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Amygdala responses to avertedvsdirect gaze fear vary as a function of presentation speed
Adams, R. B., Franklin, R. G., Kveraga, K., Ambady, N., Kleck, R. E., Whalen, P. J., Hadjikhani, N. K., & Nelson, A. J. (2011) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsr038 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Feng, P., Feng, T., Chen, Z., & Lei, X. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nst170 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Fani, N., King, T. Z., Brewster, R. C., Srivastava, A., Stevens, J. S., Glover, E. M., Norrholm, S., Bradley, B., Ressler, K., & Jovanović, T. (2014) · Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2014.11.006 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
The Cold Pressor Task: Is it an Ethically Acceptable Pain Research Method in Children?
Birnie, K. A., Noel, M. E., Chambers, C. T., von Baeyer, C. L., & Fernandez, C. V. (2010) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsq092 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Fear conditioning, persistence of disruptive behavior and psychopathic traits: an fMRI study
Cohn, M. D., Popma, A., van den Brink, W., Pape, L. E., Kindt, M., van Domburgh, L., DORELEIJERS, T. A. H., & Veltman, D. J. (2013) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2013.89 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Delayed Reversal Learning and Association With Repetitive Behavior in Autism Spectrum Disorders
South, M., Newton, T., & Chamberlain, P. D. (2012) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1255 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Better fear conditioning is associated with reduced symptom severity in autism spectrum disorders
South, M., Larson, M. J., White, S. E., Dana, J., & Crowley, M. J. (2011) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.221 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Conner, C. M., Maddox, B. B., & White, S. W. (2012) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-012-1728-0 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Dissociable roles of medial orbitofrontal cortex in human operant extinction learning
Finger, E. C., Mitchell, D. G. V., Jones, M., & Blair, R. J. R. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.08.021 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
A neuroimaging method for the study of threat in adolescents
Monk, C. S., Grillon, C., Baas, J. M. P., Tone, E. B., Nelson, E. E., Zarahn, E., Charney, D. S., Monique Ernst, D., & Pine, D. S. (2003) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.10146 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Sterling, L., Munson, J., Estes, A., Murias, M., Webb, S. J., King, B., & Dawson, G. (2013) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1289 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Sensory, emotional and cognitive contributions to anxiety in autism spectrum disorders
South, M., & Rodgers, J. (2017) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00020 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
“Top et al. (2016) conducted an fMRI study of fear conditioning and extinction in adults with ASD, concluding that the ASD group failed to recognize safety cues, and thus were delayed in responding to changes between threat to safety contexts.”
BackgroundSex differences in fear extinction
Velasco, E. R., Florido, A., Milad, M. R., & Andero, R. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.020 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
VTA Glutamatergic Neurons Mediate Innate Defensive Behaviors
Barbano, M. F., Wang, H.-L., Zhang, S., Miranda-Barrientos, J. A., Estrin, D. J., Figueroa‐González, A., Liu, B., Barker, D. J., & Morales, M. (2020) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.04.024 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Emotional Expressivity in Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Macari, S. L., DiNicola, L. M., Kane‐Grade, F., Prince, E. B., Vernetti, A., Powell, K. K., Fontenelle, S., & Chawarska, K. (2018) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2018.07.872 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Age- and sex-specific fear conditioning deficits in mice lacking Pcdh10, an Autism Associated Gene
Ferri, S. L., Dow, H. C., Schoch, H., Lee, J. Y., Brodkin, E. S., & Abel, T. (2021) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107364 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Jitlina, K., Zumbo, B., Mirenda, P., Ford, L., Bennett, T., Georgiades, S., Waddell, C., Smith, I. M., Volden, J., Duku, E., et al. (2017) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-017-3110-8 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Top Jr., D. N., Luke, S. G., Stephenson, K. G., & South, M. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00783 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“This idea was also suggested by the first ever fMRI study of fear conditioning in autism (43), where we found much stronger amygdala activation to threat vs.”
BackgroundWadhera, T., & Kakkar, D. (2021) · Biomedical Signal Processing and Control · doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2021.102556 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Hu, Y., Chen, Z., Huang, L., Xi, Y., Li, B., Wang, H., Yan, J., Lee, T. M. C., Tao, Q., So, K., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15349-x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Capriola, N. N., Maddox, B., & White, S. (2016) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-016-2827-0 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Jones, C. E., Chau, A. Q., Olson, R. J., Moore, C., Wickham, P. T., Puranik, N., Guizzetti, M., Cao, H., Meshul, C. K., & Lim, M. M. (2021) · Current Research in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.crneur.2021.100020 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Stephenson, K. G., Luke, S. G., & South, M. (2019) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361319830090 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Perdikaris, P., & Dermon, C. R. (2021) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110494 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Neural features of sustained emotional information processing in autism spectrum disorder
Mazefsky, C. A., Collier, A., Golt, J., & Siegle, G. J. (2020) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361320903137 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Enhanced social learning of threat in adults with autism
Espinosa, L., Kleberg, J. L., Hofvander, B., Berggren, S., Bölte, S., & Olsson, A. (2020) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-020-00375-w · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Chen, Y., Chen, C., Martínez, R. M., Fan, Y., Liu, C., Chen, C., & Cheng, Y. (2021) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2595 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Control of Behavioral Arousal and Defense by a Glutamatergic Midbrain-Amygdala Pathway in Mice
Chen, S.-Y., Yao, J., Hu, Y., Chen, H., Liu, P.-C., Wang, W., Zeng, Y.-H., Zhuang, C.-W., Zeng, S.-X., Li, Y., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.850193 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
South, M., Hanley, M., Normansell, K. M., Russell, N. C. C., Cawthorne, T., & Riby, D. M. (2021) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2554 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Rodrigues, F. D. S., Jantsch, J., Fraga, G. D. F., Milczarski, V. L. D. C., Dias, V. S., Scheid, C., Merib, J. D. O., Giovernardi, M., & Guedes, R. P. (2024) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.010 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Perdikaris, P., & Dermon, C. R. (2023) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2023.1120993 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Automatic Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder by Tracing the Disorder Co-morbidities
Tanu, T., & Kakkar, D. (2019) · International Conference on Internet of Everything, Microwave Engineering, Communication and Networks (IEMECON) · doi:10.1109/iemeconx.2019.8877080 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Cognitive behavioral phenotyping of DSCAM heterozygosity as a model for autism spectrum disorder
Neff, R. C., Stangis, K. A., Beniwal, U., Hergenreder, T., Ye, B., & Murphy, G. G. (2024) · Genes Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1111/gbb.70002 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Tung, R., Reiter, M. A., Linke, A. C., Kohli, J. S., Kinnear, M., Müller, R., & Carper, R. A. (2021) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2579 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Couto-Ovejero, S., Ye, J., Kind, P. C., Till, S. M., & Watson, T. C. (2023) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2023.1229627 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Doi, H., Tsumura, N., Kanai, C., Masui, K., Mitsuhashi, R., & Nagasawa, T. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.625978 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The BASIS Team, Milosavljevic, B., Shephard, E., Happe, F. G. E., Johnson, M. H., & Charman, T. (2017) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-016-3012-1 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
South, M., Taylor, K. M., Newton, T., Christensen, M., Jamison, N. K., Chamberlain, P., Johnston, O., Crowley, M. J., & Higley, J. D. (2017) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-017-3195-0 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
How are attention, learning, and social cognition related on the non-clinical autistic spectrum?
Skewes, J., Kemp, T., Paton, B. K., & Hohwy, J. (2020) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103157 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Rodgers, J., & South, M. (2020) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13340 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Marin, M., & Milad, M. R. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2016.05.002 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
An integrative analysis of 5HTT-mediated mechanism of hyperactivity to non-threatening voices
Chen, C., Martínez, R. M., Liao, T., Chen, C., Yang, C., & Cheng, Y. (2020) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-020-0850-3 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Adams, D., & Malone, S. A. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-74675-9_8 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Rank- and threat-dependent social modulation of innate defensive behaviors
Li, L.-Y., Gao, X., Zhang, J., Wu, W.-W., & Li, Y.-T. (2026) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.109571.3 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Chunyan, L. I. U., & Chen, G. (2019) · Advances in Psychological Science · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1042.2019.01713 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Anxiety Disorders
South, M., Brewe, A. M., Kerns, C. M., & White, S. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197516881.003.0006 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Neural Mechanisms of Emotional Dysregulation
Ibrahim, K., McCarthy, G., & Sukhodolsky, D. G. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-91280-6_102453 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-Injurious Behavior in Persons with Autism Spectrum Conditions
Furniss, F., & Biswas, A. B. (2020) · Autism and child psychopathology series · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-36016-0_8
Chen, Y., Chen, C., Liu, C., Martínez, R. M., Fan, Y., & Cheng, Y. (2020) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-15528/v1
Yun, M., Kim, E., & Jung, M. W. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.05.31.446503
Joly, F., Jeckel, P., Kriebel, M., Raut, S. B., Massioui, N. E., Vaillend, C., Johnson, L. R., Volkmer, H., & Doyère, V. (2021) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhab506
Chen, Y., Chen, C., Martínez, R. M., Fan, Y.-T., Liu, C., & Cheng, Y. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.03.24.005272
Neural Mechanisms of Emotional Dysregulation
Ibrahim, K., McCarthy, G., & Sukhodolsky, D. G. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6435-8_102453-1
Chen, Y., Chen, C., Liu, C., Martínez, R. M., Fan, Y.-T., & Cheng, Y. (2020) · doi:10.21203/rs.2.20087/v1
Behzadpoor, S., Zardkhaneh, S. A., Pouretemad, H., & Sardari, S. (2023) · مجله علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان · doi:10.52547/jrums.22.3.3
- Authors
- Top Jr., D. N., Stephenson, K. G., Doxey, C. R., Crowley, M. J., Kirwan, C. B., & South, M.
- Affiliations
- Brigham Young University (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- South, Mikle
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-07
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 308-315
- ISSN
- 2451-9022 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2256603131
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 2.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Mentoring Environment
- International Neuropsychological Society
- International Meeting for Autism Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, fear conditioning, amygdala, anxiety comorbidity, fear extinction, fear acquisition
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
