The Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Versus Treatment as Usual for Anxiety in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Abstract
Objective To examine the efficacy of a modular cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) protocol relative to treatment as usual (TAU) among children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and clinically significant anxiety. Method A total of 45 children (7-11 years of age) with high-functioning ASD and clinically significant anxiety were randomized to receive 16 sessions of weekly CBT or TAU for an equivalent duration. After screening, assessments were conducted at baseline, post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up. Raters were blind to treatment condition. Results Youth receiving CBT showed substantial improvement relative to TAU on primary anxiety outcomes. Of 24 children randomized to the CBT arm, 18 (75%) were treatment responders, versus only 3 of 21 children (14%) in the TAU arm. Gains were generally maintained at 3-month follow-up for CBT responders. Conclusions Relative to usual care, CBT adapted for anxious youth with high-functioning ASD demonstrates large effects in reducing anxiety symptoms. This study contributes to the growing literature supporting adapted CBT approaches for treating anxiety in youth with ASD.
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Available evidence supports the use of adapted CBT protocols for autistic youth.
“y la evidencia disponible apoya el uso de protocolos de TCC adaptados para jóvenes autistas (Kilburn et al., 2020;Wood et al., 2015;Storch et al., 2013).”
From Ansiedad y trastornos del espectro del autismo: notas para la intervención psicoeducativa (2022) · cites this paper as Storch et al., 2013
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- Authors
- Storch, E. A., Arnold, E. B., Lewin, A. B., Nadeau, J. M., Jones, A. M., De Nadai, A. S., Jane Mutch, P., Selles, R. R., Ung, D., & Murphy, T. K.
- Affiliations
- University of South Florida (US)
- University of Georgia (US)
- Corresponding author
- Storch, Eric A.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-02
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 132-142.e2
- ISSN
- 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2065626811
- Cited by
- 267
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 15.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- cognitive behavioral therapy, autism spectrum disorder, childhood anxiety, high-functioning autism, usual care, anxiety symptom reduction, treatment response, maintenance of treatment gains
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety, Behavioral Symptoms, Child, Child Behavior, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotropic Drugs, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome
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