Effects of emotion regulation strategies on smoking craving, attentional bias, and task persistence
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of different strategies for regulating emotions associated with smoking on subjective, cognitive, and behavioral correlates of smoking. Emotion regulation was manipulated by instructing participants to reappraise (n = 32), accept (n = 31), or suppress (n = 31) their emotions associated with smoking. The dependent measures included subjective reports of craving, negative affect, and attentional biases, as measured by a modified dot-probe task, and persistence during a task to measure distress tolerance. Individuals who were encouraged to reappraise the consequences of smoking showed diminished craving, lower negative affect, had reduced attentional biases for smoking-related cues, and exhibited greater task persistence than those who were instructed to accept and suppress their urge to smoke. These findings suggest that reappraisal techniques are more effective than acceptance or suppression strategies for targeting smoking-related problems.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In three studies, strategy instructions were judged not to be matched with regards to the use of smoking-relevant words.
“In three studies, strategy instructions were judged not to be matched with regards to the use of smoking-relevant words (Litvin et al. 2012; Szasz et al. 2012; Westbrook et al. 2013)”
From Mindfulness, Acceptance and Defusion Strategies in Smokers: A Systematic Review of Laboratory Studies (2018) · cites this paper as Szasz et al. 2012
Standardised manipulation checks were rare.
“standardised manipulation checks were rare (Litvin et al. 2012; Nosen and Woody 2013; Szasz et al. 2012)”
From Mindfulness, Acceptance and Defusion Strategies in Smokers: A Systematic Review of Laboratory Studies (2018) · cites this paper as Szasz et al. 2012
Cites
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063 · Cited by 32,433 · see citing works
Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348 · Cited by 11,929 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Consistent with the general emotion regulation literature (e.g., Bargh & Williams, 2007; Gross, 1998, 2002; Gross & John, 2003; Gross & Thompson, 2007; Hofmann, Sawyer, Fang, & Asnaani, in press; Hofmann, Sawyer, Witt & Oh, 2010; Ochsner & Gross, 2008) and recent literature on emotion regulation in…”
BackgroundMethodThe Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence: a revision of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire
HEATHERTON, T. F., KOZLOWSKI, L. T., FRECKER, R. C., & FAGERSTROM, K. (1991) · British Journal of Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x · Cited by 10,738 · see citing works
The emerging field of emotion regulation: an integrative review
Gross, J. J. (1998) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.271 · Cited by 9,916 · see citing works
(1999) · Cited by 5,934 · see citing works
Handbook of Emotion Regulation
Lambert, K. G. (2007) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.298.15.1808 · Cited by 4,900 · see citing works
Emotion regulation: affective, cognitive, and social consequences.
Gross, J. J. (2002) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1017/s0048577201393198 · Cited by 4,890 · cited 4× · see citing works
“Consistent with the general emotion regulation literature (e.g., Bargh & Williams, 2007; Gross, 1998, 2002; Gross & John, 2003; Gross & Thompson, 2007; Hofmann, Sawyer, Fang, & Asnaani, in press; Hofmann, Sawyer, Witt & Oh, 2010; Ochsner & Gross, 2008) and recent literature on emotion regulation in…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThe effect of mindfulness based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta analytic review
Hofmann, S. G., Sawyer, A. T., Witt, A. A., & Oh, D. (2010) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0018555 · Cited by 3,846 · see citing works
Self-citationHayes, S. C., Wilson, K. G., Gifford, E. V., Follette, V. M., & Strosahl, K. (1996) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.64.6.1152 · Cited by 3,595 · see citing works
(2007) · Cited by 3,233 · see citing works
Relapse Prevention: Maintenance Strategies in the Treatment of Addictive Behaviors
Washton, A. M. (1986) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.1986.47.260 · Cited by 2,531 · see citing works
Addiction motivation reformulated: an affective processing model of negative reinforcement
Baker, T. B., Piper, M. E., McCarthy, D. E., Majeskie, M. R., & Fiore, M. C. (2004) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.111.1.33 · Cited by 2,162 · see citing works
Nebraska Symposium on Motivation
Wittenborn, J. R. (1959) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-195907000-00020 · Cited by 1,907 · see citing works
Meta‐analysis of cue‐reactivity in addiction research
Carter, B. L., & Tiffany, S. T. (1999) · Addiction · doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.1999.9433273.x · Cited by 1,638 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Craving is likely to arise when substance users are exposed to substance-related cues (Baker et al., 1987; Carter & Tiffany, 1999; Perkins, Epstein, Grobe, & Fonte, 1994).”
BackgroundA cognitive model of drug urges and drug-use behavior: role of automatic and nonautomatic processes
Tiffany, S. T. (1990) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.97.2.147 · Cited by 1,554 · see citing works
A motivational model of alcohol use.
Cox, W. M., & Klinger, E. (1988) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.97.2.168 · Cited by 1,477 · see citing works
Emotion regulation and memory: the cognitive costs of keeping one's cool
Richards, J. M., & Gross, J. J. (2000) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.79.3.410 · Cited by 1,472 · see citing works
Attentional bias in addictive behaviors: A review of its development, causes, and consequences
FIELD, M., & COX, W. (2008) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.03.030 · Cited by 1,376 · see citing works
Wegner, D. M., & Zanakos, S. (1994) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1994.tb00311.x · Cited by 1,245 · see citing works
Cox, L. S., Tiffany, S. T., & Christen, A. G. (2001) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/14622200020032051 · Cited by 1,188 · see citing works
A motivational model of alcohol use.
Cox, W. M., & Klinger, E. (1988) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.97.2.168 · Cited by 1,114 · see citing works
Cognitive Emotion Regulation: Insights From Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
Ochsner, K. N., & Gross, J. J. (2008) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00566.x · Cited by 988 · see citing works
Imaginary Relish and Exquisite Torture: The Elaborated Intrusion Theory of Desire.
Kavanagh, D. J., Andrade, J., & May, J. (2005) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.112.2.446 · Cited by 956 · see citing works
Perkowski, R., & Perkowski, A. (2000) · Cited by 889 · see citing works
Campbell-Sills, L., Barlow, D. H., Brown, T. A., & Hofmann, S. G. (2006) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2005.10.001 · Cited by 845 · see citing works
Self-citationDrug craving and addiction: integrating psychological and neuropsychopharmacological approaches
Franken, I. H. A. (2003) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0278-5846(03)00081-2 · Cited by 765 · see citing works
Prefrontal–striatal pathway underlies cognitive regulation of craving
Kober, H., Mende-Siedlecki, P., Kross, E. F., Weber, J., Mischel, W., Hart, C. L., & Ochsner, K. N. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1007779107 · Cited by 695 · see citing works
Acceptance and mindfulness-based therapy: New wave or old hat?
Hofmann, S. G., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2008) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2007.09.003 · Cited by 665 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…reappraisal techniques are in linewith antecedent-focused strategies and are routinely applied in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), whereas suppression or acceptance strategies may be conceived as response-focused strategies (Hofmann & Asmundson, 2008; Hofmann, Asmundson, & Beck, in press).”
BackgroundSelf-citationHofmann, S. G., Sawyer, A. T., Fang, A., & Asnaani, A. (2012) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.21888 · Cited by 630 · see citing works
Self-citationDistress tolerance and duration of past smoking cessation attempts.
Brown, R. A., Lejuez, C. W., Kahler, C. W., & Strong, D. R. (2002) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.111.1.180 · Cited by 627 · see citing works
Field, M., Munafò, M. R., & Franken, I. H. A. (2009) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0015843 · Cited by 602 · see citing works
Acceptability and suppression of negative emotion in anxiety and mood disorders.
Campbell-Sills, L., Barlow, D. H., Brown, T. A., & Hofmann, S. G. (2006) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.6.4.587 · Cited by 579 · see citing works
Self-citation(2010) · Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) · Cited by 542 · see citing works
Unreliability of the dot probe task
Schmukle, S. C. (2005) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.554 · Cited by 538 · see citing works
Relapse prevention interventions for smoking cessation
Hájek, P., Stead, L. F., West, R., Jarvis, M. J., Hartmann‐Boyce, J., & Lancaster, T. (2013) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003999.pub4 · Cited by 471 · see citing works
Hofmann, S. G., Heering, S., Sawyer, A. T., & Asnaani, A. (2009) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.02.010 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
Self-citationMogg, K., Bradley, B. P., Field, M., & De Houwer, J. (2003) · Addiction · doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00392.x · Cited by 455 · see citing works
(1986) · PubMed · Cited by 439 · see citing works
Berking, M., Margraf, M., Ebert, D., Wupperman, P., Hofmann, S. G., & Junghanns, K. (2011) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0023421 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
Self-citationThe effects of acceptance versus control contexts on avoidance of panic-related symptoms
Eifert, G. H., & Heffner, M. (2003) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2003.11.001 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
The English smoking treatment services: one‐year outcomes
Ferguson, J., Bauld, L., Chesterman, J., & Judge, K. (2005) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01028.x · Cited by 347 · see citing works
The Science of Cognitive Therapy
Hofmann, S. G., Asmundson, G. J. G., & Beck, A. T. (2013) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2009.01.007 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Self-citationMogg, K., & Bradley, B. P. (1999) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(98)00158-2 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Distress tolerance and early smoking lapse
Brown, R. A., Lejuez, C. W., Kahler, C. W., Strong, D. R., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2005) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.05.003 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
Predictors of smoking relapse among self-quitters: A report from the normative aging study
Garvey, A. J., Bliss, R. E., Hitchcock, J. L., Heinold, J. W., & ROSNER, B. A. (1992) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/0306-4603(92)90042-t · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Surfing the urge: Brief mindfulness-based intervention for college student smokers
Bowen, S., & Marlatt, A. (2009) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0017127 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Effects of Abstinence from Tobacco: A Critical Review
Hughes, J. R., Higgins, S. T., & Hatsukami, D. (1990) · Research Advances in Alcohol and Drug Problems · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1669-3_10 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Phenomenological characteristics of attentional biases towards threat: A critical review
Cisler, J. M., Bacon, A. K., & Williams, N. L. (2009) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-007-9161-y · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Ehrman, R. N., Robbins, S. J., Bromwell, M. A., Lankford, M. E., Monterosso, J. R., & O’Brien, C. P. (2002) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00065-0 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Regulating the expectation of reward via cognitive strategies
Delgado, M. R., Gillis, M. M., & Phelps, E. A. (2008) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2141 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
The effect of emotion regulation strategies on anger
Szasz, P. L., Szentagotai, A., & Hofmann, S. G. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.11.011 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Self-citationInternal reliability of measures of substance-related cognitive bias
Ataya, A. F., Adams, S. H., Mullings, E. L., Cooper, R. M., Attwood, A. S., & Munafo, M. R. (2011) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.08.023 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Negative Affect as Motivation to Smoke
Brandon, T. H. (1994) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-8721.ep10769919 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
The Affective Style Questionnaire: Development and Psychometric Properties
Hofmann, S. G., & Kashdan, T. B. (2010) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-009-9142-4 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Self-citationUrges to smoke during the first month of abstinence: relationship to relapse and predictors
Doherty, K., Kinnunen, T., Militello, F. S., & Garvey, A. J. (1995) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02246158 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Selective cognitive processing of drug cues in heroin dependence
Franken, I. H. A., Kroon, L. Y., Wiers, R. W. H. J., & Jansen, A. T. M. (2000) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/026988110001400408 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
DiFranza, J. R., & Wellman, R. J. (2005) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/14622200412331328538 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Bradley, B. P., Field, M., Mogg, K., & Houwer, J. D. (2004) · Behavioural Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/00008877-200402000-00004 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Regulation of craving by cognitive strategies in cigarette smokers
Kober, H., Kross, E. F., Mischel, W., Hart, C. L., & Ochsner, K. N. (2010) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.07.017 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
(2007) · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Pretreatment task persistence predicts smoking cessation outcome
Brandon, T. H., Herzog, T. A., Juliano, L. M., Irvin, J. E., Lazev, A. B., & Simmons, V. N. (2003) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.3.448 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
The paced auditory serial addition task (PASAT): norms for age, education, and ethnicity
Diehr, M. C., Heaton, R. K., Miller, W., & Grant, I. (1998) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/107319119800500407 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
A Motivational Model of Alcohol Use: Determinants of Use and Change
Cox, W. M., & Klinger, E. (2011) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470979952.ch6 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Smoking cessation treatment: Any progress?
Shiffman, S. M. (1993) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.61.5.718 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Thought suppression and smoking cessation
Salkovskis, P. M., & Reynolds, M. (1994) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(94)90112-0 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Tobacco abstinence, smoking cues, and the reinforcing value of smoking
Perkins, K. A., Epstein, L. H., Grobe, J. E., & Fonte, C. A. (1994) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(94)90118-x · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Zinser, M. C., Baker, T. B., Sherman, J. E., & Cannon, D. S. (1992) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.101.4.617 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Attentional bias modification in tobacco smokers
Field, M., Duka, T., Tyler, E., & Schoenmakers, T. M. (2009) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntp067 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Better Practices for Youth Tobacco Cessation: Evidence of Review Panel
McDonald, P., Colwell, B., Backinger, C. L., Husten, C. G., & Maule, C. O. (2003) · American Journal of Health Behavior · doi:10.5993/ajhb.27.1.s2.5 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Smoking cessation treatment: Any progress?
Shiffman, S. M. (1993) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.61.5.718 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Effects of suppressing the urge to drink on the accessibility of alcohol outcome expectancies
Palfai, T. P., Monti, P. M., Colby, S. M., & Rohsenow, D. J. (1997) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(96)00079-4 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
A national survey of older smokers: Treatment needs of a growing population.
Orleans, C. T., Rimer, B. K., Cristinzio, S., Keintz, M. K., & al, E. (1991) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037//0278-6133.10.5.343 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Coping with cigarette cravings: Comparison of suppression versus mindfulness-based strategies
Rogojanski, J., Vettese, L. C., & Antony, M. M. (2011) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-010-0038-x · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression emotion regulation strategies in cigarette smokers.
Fucito, L., Juliano, L. M., & Toll, B. A. (2010) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntq146 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Smoking-related videos for use in cue-induced craving paradigms
Tong, C. C. L., Bovbjerg, D. H., & Erblich, J. (2007) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.07.010 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
A national survey of older smokers: Treatment needs of a growing population.
Orleans, C. T., Rimer, B. K., Cristinzio, S., et al. (1991) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.10.5.343 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Effects of nicotine deprivation on craving response covariation in smokers.
Sayette, M. A., Martin, C. S., Hull, J. G., Wertz, J. M., & Perrott, M. A. (2003) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.1.110 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Klein, A. A. (2006) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2005.12.012 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
The relationship between thought suppression and smoking cessation
Toll, B. A., Sobell, M. B., Wagner, E. F., & Sobell, L. C. (2001) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/s0306-4603(00)00140-4 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Any further progress in smoking cessation treatment?
Baker, T. B., & Piasecki, T. M. (2001) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/14622200110050484 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Attentional bias toward cigarette cues in active smokers
Chanon, V. W., Sours, C., & Boettiger, C. A. (2010) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1953-1 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Thought suppression and smoking relapse: A secondary analysis of Haaga (1989)
Haaga, D. A. F., & Allison, M. L. (1994) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1994.tb01128.x · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Effects of suppressing the urge to drink on smoking topography: A preliminary study.
Palfai, T. P., Colby, S. M., Monti, P. M., & Rohsenow, D. J. (1997) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/0893-164x.11.2.115 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Cooper, R., Bailey, J., Diaper, A., Stirland, R., Renton, L. E., Benton, C., Penton-Voak, I., Nutt, D., & Munafo, M. (2011) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2010.508887 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
3 of the 87 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The role of attentional bias in obesity and addiction.
Field, M., Werthmann, J., Franken, I. H. A., Hofmann, W., Hogarth, L., & Roefs, A. (2016) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/hea0000405 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Effects of Brief Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Health-Related Outcomes: a Systematic Review
Howarth, A., Smith, J. G., Perkins-Porras, L., & Ussher, M. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01163-1 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
May, J., Kavanagh, D. J., & Andrade, J. (2015) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.09.016 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Khera, A., Baum, S. J., Gluckman, T. J., Gulati, M., Martin, S. S., Michos, E. D., Navar, A. M., Taub, P. R., Toth, P. P., Virani, S. S., et al. (2020) · American Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpc.2020.100009 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
State mindfulness, self-regulation, and emotional experience in everyday life.
Friese, M., & Hofmann, W. (2016) · Motivation Science · doi:10.1037/mot0000027 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Mindfulness and craving: effects and mechanisms
Tapper, K. (2018) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2017.11.003 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
The effects of three mindfulness skills on chocolate cravings
Lacaille, J., Ly, J., Zacchia, N., Bourkas, S., Glaser, E., & Knaüper, B. (2014) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2014.01.072 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
The relationship between distress tolerance and cigarette smoking: A systematic review and synthesis
Veilleux, J. C. (2019) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2019.01.003 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Yang, L., Shi, B., Li, H., Zhang, W., Liu, Y., Wang, H., Zhou, Y., Wang, Y., Lv, W., Ji, X., et al. (2017) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsx055 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Garland, E. L., Roberts-Lewis, A., Kelley, K., Tronnier, C., & Hanley, A. (2014) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.850309 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Farris, S. G., Zvolensky, M. J., & Schmidt, N. B. (2016) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-015-9705-5 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Emotion dysregulation and smoking among treatment-seeking smokers
Rogers, A. H., Bakhshaie, J., Viana, A. G., Manning, K. F., Mayorga, N. A., Garey, L., Raines, A. M., Schmidt, N. B., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2017) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.12.025 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Effect of regulating anger and sadness on decision-making
Szasz, P. L., Hofmann, S., Heilman, R., & Curtiss, J. E. (2016) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2016.1203354 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationAldao, A., & Christensen, K. (2015) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1080/1047840x.2015.962399 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Beadman, M., Das, R. K., Freeman, T. P., Scragg, P., West, R., & Kamboj, S. K. (2015) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2015.03.013 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Kamboj, S. K., Irez, D., Serfaty, S., Thomas, E., Das, R. K., & Freeman, T. P. (2017) · International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyx064 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Motivational factors and negative affectivity as predictors of alcohol craving
Pombo›, S., Figueira, M. L., Walter, H., & Lesch, O. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.064 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
McCrady, B. S. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118877142.ch16 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Altered interoceptive processing in smokers: Evidence from the heartbeat tracking task
Todd, J., Hina, F., & Aspell, J. E. (2019) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.05.012 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Attention bias modification in drug addiction: Enhancing control of subsequent habits
Parvaz, M., Malaker, P., Zilverstand, A., Moeller, S. J., Alia-Klein, N., & Goldstein, R. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · doi:10.1073/pnas.2012941118 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Garland, E. L., Hanley, A. W., Bedford, C. E., Zubieta, J., Howard, M. O., Nakamura, Y., Donaldson, G. W., & Froeliger, B. (2018) · Journal of Addictive Diseases · doi:10.1080/10550887.2018.1459148 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Materna, L., Wiesner, C. D., Shushakova, A., Trieloff, J., Weber, N., Engell, A., Schubotz, R. I., Bauer, J., Pedersen, A., & Ohrmann, P. (2019) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1503/jpn.180139 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Ghorbani, F., Khosravani, V., Mohammadzadeh, A., & Shadnia, S. (2019) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.12.008 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Fillo, J., Alfano, C., Paulus, D. J., Smits, J. A. J., Davis, M. L., Rosenfield, D., Marcus, B., Church, T., Powers, M., Otto, M., et al. (2016) · Addictive Behaviours · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.01.013 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Poormahdy, H., Najafi, M., & Khosravani, V. (2021) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107108 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Wu, L., Winkler, M. H., Wieser, M. J., Andreatta, M., Li, Y., & Pauli, P. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01555 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
The effect of affect: How affective style determines attitudes towards the EU
Nielsen, J. H. (2017) · European Union Politics · doi:10.1177/1465116517741380 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Brief and extended alcohol-cue-exposure effects on craving and attentional bias.
Ramirez, J. J., Monti, P. M., & Colwill, R. M. (2015) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/pha0000018 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Roos, C. R., Hedy Kober, A., Trull, T. J., MacLean, R. R., & Mun, C. J. (2020) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-020-00329-5 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Rogers, A. H., Bakhshaie, J., Garey, L., Piasecki, T. M., Gallagher, M. W., Schmidt, N. B., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2018) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2018.10.007 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Zvolensky, M. J., Shepherd, J. M., Bakhshaie, J., Garey, L., Viana, A. G., & Peraza, N. (2019) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.05.002 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Lischke, A., Weippert, M., Mau‐Moeller, A., Päschke, S., Jacksteit, R., Hamm, A. O., & Pahnke, R. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.01040 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Newer Generations of CBT for Anxiety Disorders
Twohig, M. P., Woidneck, M. R., & Crosby, J. M. (2013) · CBT for Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1002/9781118330043.ch9 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Emotion dysregulation and negative affect: Laboratory and EMA investigations in smokers
Macintyre, J. M., Ruscio, A. C., Brede, E., & Waters, A. J. (2018) · Addictive Behaviors Reports · doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2018.01.001 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Weiss, N. H., Schick, M. R., Raudales, A. M., Forkus, S. R., Thomas, E. D., Contractor, A. A., & Sullivan, T. P. (2023) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/21677026221133295 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Kahveci, S., Bathke, A. C., & Jens Blechert, A. (2024) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-024-02597-y · Cited by 18 · see citing works
BOLD activity during emotion reappraisal positively correlates with dietary self-control success
Maier, S. U., & Hare, T. A. (2020) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsaa097 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Fillo, J., Kamper‐DeMarco, K. E., Brown, W. C., Stasiewicz, P. R., & Bradizza, C. M. (2018) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.09.033 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
You, D. S., Rassu, F. S., & Meagher, M. W. (2021) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2021.1942884 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Versella, M. V., Borges, A. M., Lin, C., & Leyro, T. M. (2018) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-018-9971-0 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
The role of affective urgency and emotion regulation in vaping susceptibility
Reff, J., & Baschnagel, J. S. (2021) · Addictive Behaviors Reports · doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2021.100355 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Akbari, M., Bahadori, M. H., Mohammadkhani, S., Kolubinski, D. C., Nikčević, A. V., & Spada, M. M. (2021) · Addictive Behaviors Reports · doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2021.100354 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Cigarette smoking is associated with difficulties in the use of reappraisal for emotion regulation
Faulkner, P., Machon, S., Brown, C. R. H., Sandrini, M., Kamboj, S. K., & Allen, P. (2022) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109416 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Alexithymia influences craving through facets of emotion regulation in alcoholic patients
Khosravani, V., Bastan, F. S., Avatefi, B., & Mofidi, F. (2017) · Journal of Substance Use · doi:10.1080/14659891.2017.1333163 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Short, N. A., Oglesby, M. E., Raines, A. M., Zvolensky, M. J., & Schmidt, N. B. (2015) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.05.007 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Rigi, K. B., Dolatshahi, B., Masoud, N., Mohammad, B. N., Mahdavi, A., & Chakeri, H. M. (2020) · MAEDICA – a Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.26574/maedica.2020.15.1.53 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The indirect effect of panic disorder on smoking cognitions via difficulties in emotion regulation
Yang, M.-J., Zvolensky, M. J., & Leyro, T. M. (2017) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.03.021 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Wang, J., Xu, W., Fu, Z., Yu, W., He, L., Sun, L., He, J., & Hofmann, S. G. (2016) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105316679722 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationSerfaty, S., Gale, G., Beadman, M., Froeliger, B., & Kamboj, S. K. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0767-1 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Christensen, K. A., & Aldao, A. (2015) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2014.12.015 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Regular Exercise Enhances Task-Based Industriousness in Laboratory Rats
Laurence, N. C., Labuschagne, L. G., Lura, B. G., & Hillman, K. L. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0129831 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Asnaani, A., Sawyer, A. T., Aderka, I. M., & Hofmann, S. G. (2013) · Journal of Experimental Psychopathology · doi:10.5127/jep.028112 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, X., Li, W., Chen, H., Cao, N., & Zhao, B. (2021) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-021-05898-5 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Emamghaisi, Z. G., & Atashpour, S. H. (2019) · Journal of Substance Use · doi:10.1080/14659891.2019.1704082 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Emotion dysregulation, fatigue, and electronic cigarette expectancies
Zvolensky, M. J., Manning, K. F., Garey, L., Alfano, C. A., Mayorga, N. A., & Peraza, N. (2020) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2020.1819868 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Chase, T. E., Teng, E. J., Schmidt, N. B., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2018) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000000866 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Kooteh, B. R., Bakhshani, N., Nosratabadi, M., & Dolatshahi, B. (2019) · international journal high risk behaviors & addiction · doi:10.5812/ijhrba.94499 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Manning, K. F., Garey, L., Mayorga, N. A., Nizio, P., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2020) · Fatigue Biomedicine Health & Behavior · doi:10.1080/21641846.2020.1714111 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The effect of resilience on task persistence and performance during repeated exposure to heat pain
Slepian, P. M., & France, C. R. (2017) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-017-9854-y · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Mak, Y. W., Lee, P. H., & Loke, A. Y. (2015) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2650-0 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Scott, B. G., Pina, A., & Parker, J. H. (2017) · British Journal of Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjdp.12227 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Liu, D., & Yang, H. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-023-05356-9 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Holzhauer, C. G., Epstein, E. E., Smelson, D. A., & Mattocks, K. M. (2021) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108408 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Reappraisal Modulates Attentional Bias to Angry Faces
Kim, S. A., Kim, H., & Kim, S. H. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01841 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Emotional Mechanisms of Behavior Change: Existing Techniques, Best Practices, and a New Approach
Shiota, M. N., Vornlocher, C., & Jia, L. (2023) · Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1177/23727322231195907 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Emotion Dysregulation and E-Cigarette Expectancies among College Student E-Cigarette Users
McLeish, A. C., Walker, K. L., & Hart, J. L. (2024) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2024.2310491 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Difficulties in emotion regulation and ad libitum smoking topography: A secondary analysis
Smith, J. E., Brinkman, H. R., Aston, E. R., Zvolensky, M. J., Leyro, T. M., & Farris, S. G. (2022) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107498 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Sánchez, M., & Amaro, H. D. L. A. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1048798 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The association between cognitive coping strategies and treatment outcomes in smokers with PTSD.
Asnaani, A., Kaczkurkin, A. N., Fitzgerald, H. E., Jerud, A. B., & Foa, E. B. (2019) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/tra0000473 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Snaychuk, L. A., Hirst, S. A., & Basedow, C. A. (2023) · Journal of Substance Use · doi:10.1080/14659891.2023.2173095 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Stein, A. T., Freeman, S. Z., & Smits, J. A. J. (2019) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-019-09999-6 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Brinkman, H. R., Smith, J. E., Leyro, T. M., Zvolensky, M. J., & Farris, S. G. (2022) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-022-10342-9 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Schadegg, M. J., Dixon, L. J., & Lee, A. A. (2024) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-024-10080-z · Cited by 3 · see citing works
David, D., Canta, A., Sălăgean, I., Valenza, G., & Mennin, D. S. (2020) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110243 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Kim, G. L., Yi, Y. H., Lee, J. G., Tak, Y. J., Lee, S. H., Ra, Y.-J., Lee, S. Y., Cho, Y. H., Park, E. J., Lee, Y., et al. (2025) · Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science · doi:10.12701/jyms.2025.42.20 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Alizadeh, E., Mami, S., & Mohamadian, F. (2023) · international journal high risk behaviors & addiction · doi:10.5812/ijhrba-123751 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Liu, D., Zhang, X., Elhai, J. D., Montag, C., & Yang, H. (2024) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-024-10558-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Stryjewski, A. M., Chung, T. J., McCurdy, L. Y., Spitzen, T. L., Zhang, K., Morie, K. P., Steele, V. R., Crowley, M. J., & Potenza, M. N. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0328205 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Take a deep breath: Exploring the role of mindfulness in impulse buying
Moes, A., Fransen, M. L., Verhagen, T., & Fennis, B. M. (2025) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e44170 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The affective style of politics: Evidence from cross‐country surveys
Nielsen, J. H., & Mønster, D. (2026) · Political Psychology · doi:10.1111/pops.70094 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Tabakkonsum – ein wichtiges Feld der Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung
Kröger, C. B. (2020) · Springer Reference Pflege, Therapie, Gesundheit · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-55793-8_79-1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Cardiac Vagal Control Among Community Cigarette Smokers with Low to Moderate Depressive Symptoms
Brinkman, H. R., Hoyt, D. L., Fedorenko, E. J., Mendes, W. B., & Leyro, T. M. (2023) · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · doi:10.1007/s10484-023-09580-8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Luo, Y. L. L., Li, J., Chen, X., & He, X. (2023) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2023.104437 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Zvolensky, M. J., Clausen, B. K., Shepherd, J. M., Redmond, B. Y., Robison, J. H., Santiago‐Torres, M., & Bricker, J. B. (2024) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.107959 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Bizier, A., Thai, J. M., Garey, L., Zvolensky, M. J., & Redmond, B. Y. (2025) · Addiction Research & Theory · doi:10.1080/16066359.2025.2517625 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
An autopsy case of uterine choriocarcinoma metastasized to the stomach.
Ichiba, K., TAKEDA, Y., & Fukuoka, Y. (1957) · PubMed
Tabakkonsum – ein wichtiges Feld der Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung
Kröger, C. B. (2021) · Springer Reference Pflege, Therapie, Gesundheit · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-62426-5_79
Therapeutic Everyday Materialities in the Subjective Smoking Experience
Kasemets, K. (2020) · Human Arenas · doi:10.1007/s42087-020-00131-9
Learning mechanisms of addiction
Yates, J. R. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-90578-7.00005-0
Behavioral Therapies for Alcohol Use Disorder
Pruzan, K. (2024) · Psychiatry update · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-73553-0_8
Monje, M. R., Gadea, M., López-Ruíz, P., & Espert, R. (2024) · Revista Española de Drogodependencias · doi:10.54108/10074
The role of distress tolerance and expectancies in women's alcohol consumption
Holzhauer, C. G. (2014) · Scholars Archive - University at Albany (University at Albany, State University of New York) · doi:10.54014/4h88-c4km
Chen, L., Lobbestael, J., Tympa, M., & Geschwind, N. (2025) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2025.2549766
Liu, D., & Long, W. (2026) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su18052503
Kısacık, E., & Altınışık, B. (2026) · Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi · doi:10.57127/kpd.26024438.1945185
Comportement tabagique : impact et sevrage
Ferrer, S. O., Verkaeren, O., Verriest, C., Mayer, C., Beckers, J., Bertin, E., Ducochet, J., & Razavi, D. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-75811-9.00021-0
Beadman, M. (2014) · UCL Discovery (University College London)
- Authors
- Szasz, P. L., Szentagotai, A., & Hofmann, S. G.
- Affiliations
- Babeș-Bolyai University (RO)
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Szasz, Paul Lucian
- ORCID
- Hofmann, Stefan G.
- Venue
- Behaviour Research and Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-05
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 333-340
- ISSN
- 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2033131977
- Cited by
- 99
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 3.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- NIMH (1R01MH078308)
- National Council for Research in Higher Education (2260/2008)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- emotion regulation, cigarette craving, cognitive reappraisal, acceptance, emotional suppression, attentional bias, smoking-related cues, negative affect, task persistence, distress tolerance, smoking cessation
- MeSH terms
- Smoking Prevention, Adult, Affect, Attention, Cues, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Repression, Psychology, Smoking, Smoking Cessation, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review