Deficient brainstem encoding of pitch in children with autism spectrum disorders
Open accessAbstract
Objective Deficient prosody is a hallmark of the pragmatic (socially contextualized) language impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Prosody communicates emotion and intention and is conveyed through acoustic cues such as pitch contour. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the subcortical representations of prosodic speech in children with ASD.Methods Using passively evoked brainstem responses to speech syllables with descending and ascending pitch contours, we examined sensory encoding of pitch in children with ASD who had normal intelligence and hearing and were age-matched with typically developing (TD) control children.Results We found that some children on the autism spectrum show deficient pitch tracking (evidenced by increased Frequency and Slope Errors and reduced phase locking) compared with TD children.Conclusions This is the first demonstration of subcortical involvement in prosody encoding deficits in this population of children.Significance Our findings may have implications for diagnostic and remediation strategies in a subset of children with ASD and open up an avenue for future investigations.
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Individuals with ASD show atypical patterns of brainstem activity in response to complex stimuli compared with simple stimuli.
“even at the level of the brainstem, individuals with ASD show atypical patterns of activity in response to complex stimuli when compared with simple stimuli (Russo et al., 2009; Russo et al., 2008)”
From Behavioral, Perceptual, and Neural Alterations in Sensory and Multisensory Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Russo et al., 2008
Models of autism have posited brainstem abnormalities, based on early ontogeny of brainstem development and evidence of increased prevalence of putative ASD cases associated with early exposure to teratogens affecting brainstem development.
“Noting the early ontogeny of brainstem development and evidence of increased prevalence of putative ASD cases associated with early exposure to teratogens affecting brainstem development (95), models of autism have posited brainstem abnormalities (66).”
From Aberrant Striatal Functional Connectivity in Children with Autism (2011) · cites this paper as [95]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Russo, N. M., Skoe, E., Trommer, B., Nicol, T., Zecker, S., Bradlow, A., & Kraus, N.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kraus, N.
- Venue
- Clinical Neurophysiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-08
- Volume
- 119
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1720-1731
- ISSN
- 1388-2457 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2536645
- OpenAlex
- W2059629560
- Cited by
- 223
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 7.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Clinical Neurophysiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (R01-DC01510, R01DC001510)
- National Center for Research Resources (C06RR012087)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, pitch tracking, prosody, brainstem responses, subcortical auditory processing, pitch contour, phase locking, children, speech perception, pragmatic language impairment
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Auditory Perceptual Disorders, Autistic Disorder, Brain Stem, Child, Child Language, Electroencephalography, Female, Humans, Intelligence, Language Tests, Male, Pitch Perception, Psychophysics, Speech, Reproducibility of Results, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem
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