Cited by 118Skin Protection and AgingMicroencapsulation and Drying ProcessesAdvancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery

Cutaneous biocompatible rutin-loaded gelatin-based nanoparticles increase the SPF of the association of UVA and UVB filters

Oliveira, Camila Areias de, Peres, Daniela D'Almeida, Graziola, Fabiana, Chacra, Nádia Araci Bou, Araújo, Gabriel Lima Barros de, Flórido, Ana Catarina, Mota, Joana, Rosado, Catarina +4 more·2016·European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Abstract

The encapsulation of natural ingredients, such as rutin, can offer improvements in sun protection effectiveness. This strategy can provide enhanced flavonoid content and produces an improved bioactive compound with new physical and functional characteristics. As an alternative to common synthetic-based sunscreens, rutin-entrapped gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) were designed and associated with ethylhexyl dimethyl PABA (EHDP), ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EHMC) and methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMDBM) in sunscreen formulations. The purpose of this study was to develop rutin-loaded gelatin nanoparticles and characterize their physicochemical, thermal, functional and safety properties. Rutin-loaded gelatin nanoparticles increased antioxidant activity by 74% relative to free-rutin (FR) solution. Also, this new ingredient upgraded the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) by 48%, indicating its potential as a raw material for bioactive sunscreens. The safety profile indicated that GNPs and glutaraldehyde (GTA) decreased HaCaT cell viability in a concentration/time-dependent manner. However, both blank nanoparticles (B-NC) and rutin-loaded nanoparticles (R-NC) had good performance on skin compatibility tests. These results functionally characterized rutin-loaded nanoparticles as a safe SPF enhancer in sunscreens, especially in association with UV filters.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.09.016

Cites

46 of 46 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Gelatine micro- and nano-spheres improve skin compatibility, safety, and efficacy.

    “Additionally, gelatine micro- and nano-spheres improved skin compatibility, safety, and efficacy [41,42,43] and alginate microparticles influenced photostability, through the reduction of the EHMC’s (21) photoisomerisation [34].”

    From UV Filters: Challenges and Prospects (2022) · cites this paper as [43]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Oliveira, C. A. D., Peres, D. D., Graziola, F., Chacra, N. A. B., Araújo, G. L. B. D., Flórido, A. C., Mota, J., Rosado, C., Velasco, M. V. R., Rodrigues, L. M., Fernandes, A. S., & Baby, A. R.
Affiliations
  • Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
  • Universidade Lusófona (PT)
Corresponding author
Oliveira, Camila Areias de
Venue
European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-01
Volume
81
Pages
1-9
ISSN
0928-0987 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1823242841
Cited by
118
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 1
FWCI
14.56
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (14/05906-0, 12/19972-0, 12/04435-9)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Microencapsulation and Drying Processes
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
Keywords
rutin, gelatin nanoparticles, sunscreen, sun protection factor, UV filters, UVA and UVB protection, antioxidant activity, flavonoids, skin compatibility, HaCaT keratinocytes, glutaraldehyde crosslinking, biocompatible nanoparticles, natural sunscreen ingredients
MeSH terms
Administration, Cutaneous, Alkanes, Cell Line, Cell Survival, Cinnamates, Drug Stability, Female, Gelatin, Glutaral, Humans, Male, Patch Tests, Propiophenones, Rutin, Sunscreening Agents, Ultraviolet Rays, Chalcones, Nanoparticles, para-Aminobenzoates

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review