Temporal trends of perfluorooctanesulfonate isomer and enantiomer patterns in archived Swedish and American serum samples

Liu, Yanna; Pereira, Alberto S.; Beesoon, Sanjay; Vestergren, Robin; Berger, Urs; Olsen, Geary W.; Glynn, Anders; Martin, Jonathan W.

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2014.11.014

Cited by 45Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances researchToxic Organic Pollutants ImpactFluorine in Organic Chemistry

Temporal trends of perfluorooctanesulfonate isomer and enantiomer patterns in archived Swedish and American serum samples

Liu, Yanna, Pereira, Alberto S., Beesoon, Sanjay, Vestergren, Robin, Berger, Urs, Olsen, Geary W., Glynn, Anders, Martin, Jonathan W.·2015·Environment International

DOI 10.1016/j.envint.2014.11.014

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Abstract

Human perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) body burdens are attributable to both direct PFOS and indirect PFOS precursor (PreFOS) exposure. The relative importance of these two pathways has been estimated, but the relative temporal trajectory of exposure to PFOS and PreFOS has not been examined. Here, two hypothesized biomarkers of PreFOS exposure, PFOS isomer profiles (quantified as percent branched PFOS, %br-PFOS) and chiral 1m-PFOS enantiomer fractions (1m-PFOS EF) were analyzed in archived human serum samples of individual American adults (1974-2010) and pooled samples of Swedish primiparous women (1996-2010). After correcting for potential confounders, significant correlations between %br-PFOS and 1m-PFOS EFs were observed in American samples and in Swedish samples for the 1996-2000 period, supporting the hypothesis that both %br-PFOS and 1m-PFOS EF are biomarkers of PreFOS exposure. Significant trends of increasing %br-PFOS, from 2000 to 2010, and increasingly non-racemic 1m-PFOS EFs, from 1996 to 2000, were detected in Swedish samples. No statistically significant trend for %br-PFOS or 1m-PFOS EF was observed in American samples, but American males had significantly higher %br-PFOS and significantly lower 1m-PFOS EF (i.e. more non-racemic) than females, and a similar significant difference was shown in the older age group, relative to the younger age group. These temporal trends in %br-PFOS and 1m-PFOS EF are not easily explained and the results highlight uncertainties about how humans are exposed to PFOS.

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Commercially relevant PFASs are often composed of multiple structural isomers with the same exact mass.
“Moreover, commercially relevant PFASs are often composed of multiple structural isomers (i.e. with the same exact mass) [5,59], thus the use of chromatography can also help to separate isomers [31,42], thereby maximizing the discovery potential and revealing mass spectra of pure compounds.”
From High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) methods for nontarget discovery and characterization of poly- and per-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in environmental and human samples (2019) · cites this paper as [59]

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“This is contrary to two independent studies where the serum of Swedes was reported to increase in branched PFOS content over the same period [85, 109].”
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“…perfluoronanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) have been inconsistent across populations (Calafat et al. 2007; Glynn et al. 2012; Jain 2018; Kato et al. 2011; Liu et al. 2015; Olsen et al. 2017; Salihovic et al. 2015; SchroterKermani et al. 2012).”
BackgroundResult

Authors: Liu, Y., Pereira, A. S., Beesoon, S., Vestergren, R., Berger, U., Olsen, G. W., Glynn, A., & Martin, J. W.
Affiliations: University of Alberta (CA)
NILU (NO)
Stockholm University (SE)
3M (United States) (US)
National Food Administration (SE)
Corresponding author: Martin, Jonathan W.
ORCID: Liu, Yanna
Beesoon, Sanjay
Berger, Urs
Olsen, Geary W.
Glynn, Anders
Martin, Jonathan W.
Venue: Environment International
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2015-02
Volume: 75
Pages: 215-222
ISSN: 0160-4120 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.11.014
OpenAlex: W1977883339
Cited by: 45
References: 69
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 7
FWCI: 3.04
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Environment International (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders: NSERC
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
Keywords: PFOS, PFOS isomers, temporal trends, human serum, biomarkers, sex differences, age differences, primiparous women, exposure pathways
MeSH terms: Adult, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Fluorocarbons, Humans, Isomerism, Male, Middle Aged, Sweden, United States, Alkanesulfonic Acids

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Temporal trends of perfluorooctanesulfonate isomer and enantiomer patterns in archived Swedish and American serum samples

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